Today In History

[historylover]

October 30

Events

758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates.
1137 – Battle of Rignano between Ranulf of Apulia and Roger II of Sicily.
1270 – The Eighth Crusade and siege of Tunis end by an agreement between Charles I of Sicily (brother to King Louis IX of France, who had died months earlier) and the sultan of Tunis.
1340 – Battle of Rio Salado.
1470 – Henry VI of England returns to the English throne after Earl of Warwick defeats the Yorkists in battle.
1485 – King Henry VII of England is crowned.
1501 – Ballet of Chestnuts – a banquet held by Cesare Borgia in the Papal Palace where fifty prostitutes or courtesans are in attendance for the entertainment of the guests.
1831 – In Southampton County, Virginia, escaped slave Nat Turner is captured and arrested for leading the bloodiest slave rebellion in United States history.
1863 – Danish Prince Wilhelm arrives in Athens to assume his throne as George I, King of the Hellenes.
1864 – Second war of Schleswig ends. Denmark renounces all claim to Schleswig, Holstein and Lauenburg, which come under Prussian and Austrian administration.
1864 – Helena, Montana is founded after four prospectors discover gold at "Last Chance Gulch".
1894 – Domenico Melegatti obtains a patent for a procedure to be applied in producing pandoro industrially.
1905 – Czar Nicholas II of Russia grants Russia's first constitution, creating a legislative assembly.
1918 – The Ottoman Empire signs an armistice with the Allies, ending the First World War in the Middle East.
1920 – The Communist Party of Australia is founded in Sydney.
1922 – Benito Mussolini is made Prime Minister of Italy.
1925 – John Logie Baird creates Britain's first television transmitter.
1929 – The Stuttgart Cable Car is constructed in Stuttgart, Germany.
1938 – Orson Welles broadcasts his radio play of H. G. Wells's The War of the Worlds, causing anxiety in some of the audience in the United States.
1941 – World War II: Franklin Delano Roosevelt approves U.S. $1 billion in Lend-Lease aid to the Allied nations.
1941 – 1,500 Jews from Pidhaytsi (in western Ukraine) are sent by Nazis to Belzec extermination camp.
1944 – Anne Frank and sister Margot Frank are deported from Auschwitz to the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.
1945 – Jackie Robinson of the Kansas City Monarchs signs a contract for the Brooklyn Dodgers to break the baseball color barrier.
1947 – The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which is the foundation of the World Trade Organisation (WTO), is founded.
1950 – Pope Pius XII witnesses "The Miracle of the Sun" while at the Vatican.
1953 – Cold War: U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower formally approves the top secret document National Security Council Paper No. 162/2, which states that the United States' arsenal of nuclear weapons must be maintained and expanded to counter the communist threat.
1960 – Michael Woodruff performs the first successful kidney transplant in the United Kingdom at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary.
1961 – Nuclear testing: The Soviet Union detonates the hydrogen bomb Tsar Bomba over Novaya Zemlya; at 58 megatons of yield, it is still the largest explosive device ever detonated, nuclear or otherwise.
1961 – Because of "violations of Lenin's precepts", it is decreed that Joseph Stalin's body be removed from its place of honour inside Lenin's tomb and buried near the Kremlin wall with a plain granite marker instead.
1965 – Vietnam War: Just miles from Da Nang, United States Marines repel an intense attack by wave after wave of Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas. Among the dead, a sketch of Marine positions is found on the body of a 13-year-old Vietnamese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.
1970 – In Vietnam, the worst monsoon to hit the area in six years causes large floods, kills 293, leaves 200,000 homeless and virtually halts the Vietnam War.
1972 – A collision between two commuter trains in Chicago, Illinois kills 45 and injures 332.
1973 – The Bosporus Bridge in Istanbul, Turkey is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the Bosporus for the first time.
1974 – The Rumble in the Jungle boxing match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman takes place in Kinshasa, Zaire.
1974 – Nolan Ryan throws the fastest baseball pitch ever. It was recorded at 100.9 mph.
1975 – Prince Juan Carlos becomes Spain's acting head of state, taking over for the country's ailing dictator, Gen. Francisco Franco.
1975 – The New York Daily News runs the “Ford to City: Drop Dead” headline.
1980 – El Salvador and Honduras sign a peace treaty to put the border dispute fought over in 1969's Football War before the International Court of Justice.
1983 – The first democratic elections in Argentina after seven years of military rule are held.
1985 – Space Shuttle Challenger lifts off for mission STS-61-A, its final successful mission.
1987 – In Japan, NEC releases the first 16-bit home entertainment system, the TurboGrafx-16, known as PC Engine.
1991 – The Madrid Conference for Middle East peace talks opens.
1993 – Greysteel massacre: The Ulster Freedom Fighters, a loyalist terrorist group, open fire on a crowded bar in Greysteel, Northern Ireland. Eight civilians are killed and thirteen wounded.
1995 – Quebec sovereignists narrowly lose a referendum for a mandate to negotiate independence from Canada (vote is 50.6% to 49.4%).
1996 – Odwalla company officials withdrew their products from over 4,600 stores after an outbreak of E. Coli in their apple juice, which in the end sickened over 60 people and killed one.
2000 – The last Multics machine is shut down.
2002 – British Digital terrestrial television (DTT) Service Freeview begins transmitting in parts of the United Kingdom.
2005 – The rebuilt Dresden Frauenkirche (destroyed in the firebombing of Dresden during World War II) is reconsecrated after a thirteen-year rebuilding project.

Births

1218 – Emperor Chukyo of Japan (d. 1234)
1513 – Jacques Amyot, French writer (d. 1593)
1624 – Paul Pellisson, French writer (d. 1693)
1668 – Sophia Charlotte of Hanover, queen in Prussia (d. 1705)
1735 – John Adams, second President of the United States (d. 1826)
1751 – Richard Sheridan, Irish playwright (d. 1816)
1762 – André Chénier, French writer (d. 1794)
1786 – Philippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé, French Canadian writer (d. 1871)
1799 – Ignace Bourget, bishop of Montreal (d. 1885)
1821 – Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian writer (d. 1881)
1839 – Alfred Sisley, Anglo-French artist (d. 1899)
1844 – Harvey W. Wiley, American chemist (d. 1930)
1847 – Galileo Ferraris, Italian physicist (d. 1897)
1857 – Georges Gilles de la Tourette, French neurologist (d. 1904)
1861 – Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor (d. 1929)
1871 – Paul Valéry, French poet (d. 1945)
1871 – Buck Freeman, American baseball player (d. 1949)
1873 – Francisco I. Madero, President of Mexico (d. 1913)
1881 – Elizabeth Madox Roberts, American poet and author (d. 1941)
1882 – William Halsey, Jr, American admiral (d. 1959)
1882 – Günther von Kluge, German field marshal (d. 1944)
1885 – Ezra Pound, American poet (d. 1972)
1886 – Zoe Akins, American playwright (d. 1958)
1887 – Sukumar Ray, Bengali Writer (d. 1923)
1888 – Konstantinos Tsiklitiras, Greek Olympic champion (d. 1913)
1893 – Charles Atlas, Italian-born bodybuilder (d. 1972)
1893 – Roland Freisler, German Nazi politician (d. 1945)
1894 – Jean Rostand, French biologist (d. 1977)
1895 – Gerhard Domagk, German bacteriologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (declined) (d. 1964)
1895 – Dickinson W. Richards, American physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1973)
1896 – Ruth Gordon, American actress (d. 1985)
1896 – Kostas Karyotakis, Greek poet (d. 1928)
1897 – Rex Cherryman, American actor (d. 1928)
1898 – Bill Terry, baseball player (d. 1989)
1900 – Ragnar Granit Finnish neuroscientist, Nobel laureate (d. 1991)
1906 – Alexander Gode, German-American linguist (d. 1970)
1906 – Giuseppe Farina, Italian race car driver and one-time F1 world champion (d. 1966)
1907 – Sol Tax, American anthropologist (d. 1995)
1908 – U. Muthuramalingam Thevar, An Indian politician (d. 1963)
1908 – Patsy Montana, American country music singer and songwriter (d. 1996)
1909 – Homi J. Bhabha, Indian physicist (d. 1966)
1911 – Ruth Hussey, American actress (d. 2005)
1914 – Richard E Holz, American composer (d. 1986)
1914 – Anna Wing, English actress
1915 – Fred Friendly, American journalist (d. 1998)
1916 – Leon Day, American baseball player (d. 1995)
1917 – Bobby Bragan, American baseball player
1917 – Nikolai Vasilievich Ogarkov, Soviet field marshal (d. 1994)
1917 – Maurice Trintignant, French race car driver (d. 2005)
1922 – Jane White, American actress and singer
1926 – Jacques Swaters, Belgian racing driver
1927 – Joe Adcock, American baseball player (d. 1999)
1928 – Daniel Nathans, American microbiologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1999)
1930 – Nestor Almendros, Spanish cinematographer (d. 1992)
1930 – Clifford Brown, American musician (d. 1956)
1931 – Vince Callahan, American politician
1932 – Louis Malle, French film director (d. 1995)
1932 – Barun De, Indian historian
1934 – Frans Brüggen, Dutch musician
1935 – Agota Kristof, Hungarian writer
1935 – Michael Winner, British film director
1935 – Jim Perry, American baseball player
1935 – Robert Caro, American biographer
1936 – Polina Astakhova, Ukrainian gymnast (d. 2005)
1937 – Claude Lelouch, French film director
1939 – Leland H. Hartwell, American scientist, Nobel laureate
1939 – Grace Slick, American singer (Jefferson Airplane)
1939 – Edward Holland, Jr., American singer
1940 – Ed Lauter, American actor
1941 – Theodor W. Hänsch, German physicist, Nobel laureate
1941 – Otis Williams, American singer
1943 – Joanna Shimkus, Canadian actress
1945 – Henry Winkler, American actor
1946 – Chris Slade, Welsh drummer (Asia)
1947 – Timothy B. Schmit, American musician (Eagles)
1948 – Rusty Goffe, British actor
1951 – Harry Hamlin, American actor
1953 – Charles Martin Smith, American actor
1954 – Mario Testino, Peruvian-born English fashion photographer
1956 – Juliet Stevenson, English actress
1957 – Kevin Pollak, American actor
1958 – Joe Delaney, American football player (d. 1983)
1958 – Stefan Dennis, Australian actor
1958 – Ramona d'Viola, American cyclist
1960 – Diego Maradona, Argentine footballer
1961 – Scott Garrelts, American baseball player
1962 – Courtney Walsh, Jamaican West Indies cricketer
1963 – Michael Beach, American actor
1963 – Rebecca Heineman, Computer game programmer
1963 – Kristina Wagner, American actress
1964 – Howard Lederer, American poker player
1964 – Humayun Kabir Dhali, Bangladeshi Writer & Journalist
1966 – Scott Innes, American voice actor
1967 – Brad Aitken, Canadian ice hockey player
1967 – Gavin Rossdale, English musician
1968 – Jack Plotnick, American actor
1969 – Masanori Hikichi, Japanese composer
1970 – Maja Tatic, Bosnia singer
1970 – Tory Belleci, American TV Mythbuster
1970 – Nia Long, American actress
1970 – Ekaterini Voggoli, Greek discus thrower
1970 – Ben Bailey, American host of the game show Cash Cab
1971 – Ahn Jae Wook, South Korean actor and singer
1971 – Suzan van der Wielen, Dutch hockey-international
1973 – Adam "Edge" Copeland, Canadian wrestler
1973 – Silvia Corzo, Colombian newscaster
1973 – Michael Oakes, English footballer
1975 – Ian D'Sa, Guitarist/Vocalist for Canadian rock band Billy Talent
1975 – Maria Thayer, American actress
1976 – Stern John, Trinidadian footballer
1976 – Maurice Taylor, American Basketball Player
1977 – Jason Adelman, American actor
1977 – Eefke Mulder, Dutch hockey-international
1978 – Martin Dossett, American football player
1978 – Amanda Swafford, American model
1978 – Matthew Morrison, American actor
1979 – Jason Bartlett, American baseball player
1979 – Yukie Nakama, Japanese actress
1980 – Sarah Carter, Canadian actress
1980 – Kareem Rush, American basketball player
1980 – Choi Hong-man, South Korean kickboxer
1980 – John Foo, Irish martial artist and actor
1981 – Ayaka Kimura, Japanese actress
1981 – Ivanka Trump, American model
1981 – Jun Ji-hyun, South Korean actress
1981 – Ian Snell, American baseball player
1982 – Andy Greene, American ice hockey player
1982 – Manny Parra, American baseball player
1983 – Iain Hume, Canadian footballer
1983 – Trent Edwards, American football player
1984 – Eva Marcille, American model and actress
1984 – Tyson Strachan, Canadian ice hockey player
1986 – Thomas Morgenstern, Austrian ski jumper
1987 – Junaid Siddique, Bangladeshi cricketer
1988 – Janel Parrish, American actress
1989 – Seth Adkins, American actor
1989 – Nastia Liukin, Russian/American gymnast
1989 – Vanessa White, British singer (The Saturdays)
1992 – Tequan Richmond, American actor

Deaths

1459 – Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini, Italian humanist (b. 1380)
1522 – Jean Mouton, French composer
1553 – Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck, German statesman and reformer (b. 1489)
1602 – Jean-Jacques Boissard, French poet (b. 1528)
1611 – King Charles IX of Sweden (b. 1550)
1626 – Willebrord Snell, Dutch astronomer and mathematician (b. 1580)
1632 – Henri II de Montmorency, French naval officer and Governor of Languedoc (b. 1595)
1654 – Emperor Go-Komyo of Japan (b. 1633)
1680 – Antoinette Bourignon, Flemish mystic (b. 1616)
1685 – Michel le Tellier, French statesman (b. 1603)
1809 – William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1738)
1816 – Frederick I of Württemberg (b. 1754)
1842 – Allan Cunningham, Scottish poet and author (b. 1784)
1853 – Pietro Raimondi, Italian composer (b. 1786)
1883 – Robert Volkmann, German composer (b. 1815)
1893 – John Joseph Caldwell Abbott, third Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1821)
1894 – Honoré Mercier, politician, Premier of Quebec (b. 1840)
1899 – William Henry Webb, American industrialist and philanthropist (b. 1816)
1910 – Henry Dunant, Swiss founder of the Red Cross, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1828)
1912 – James S. Sherman, Vice President of the United States (b. 1855)
1915 – Charles Tupper, sixth Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1821)
1917 – Talbot Mercer Papineau, Canadian lawyer and soldier (b. 1883)
1923 – Andrew Bonar Law, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1858)
1957 – Fred Beebe, baseball player (b. 1880)
1961 – Luigi Einaudi, 2nd President of the Italian Republic (b. 1874)
1963 – U. Muthuramalingam Thevar, An Indian politician (b. 1908)
1966 – Yórgos Theotokás, Greek novelist (b. 1906)
1968 – Rose Wilder Lane, American journalist and author (b. 1886)
1968 – Ramón Novarro, Mexican actor (b. 1899)
1968 – Conrad Richter, American writer (b. 1890)
1969 – Pops Foster, American musician (b. 1892)
1975 – Gustav Ludwig Hertz, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
1979 – Sir Barnes Wallis, British scientist, engineer and inventor (b. 1887)
1979 – Donna Rachele Mussolini, Italian, wife of Benito Mussolini (b. 1890)
1985 – Kirby Grant, American actor (b. 1911)
1988 – T. Hee, American animator (b. 1911)
1993 – Paul Grégoire, Archbishop of Montreal (b. 1911)
1997 – Samuel Fuller, American film director (b. 1912)
2000 – Steve Allen, American comedian, author, and composer (b. 1921)
2002 – Jam Master Jay, American rapper and musician (Run DMC) (b. 1965)
2002 – Juan Antonio Bardem, Spanish director and screenwriter (b. 1922)
2004 – Peggy Ryan, American actress (b. 1924)
2005 – Al Lopez, American baseball player and manager (b. 1908)
2005 – Shamsher Singh Sheri, Indian communist leader (b. 1942)
2006 – Junji Kinoshita, Japanese playwright (b. 1914)
2006 – Clifford Geertz, American anthropologist (b. 1926)
2007 – Robert Goulet, American entertainer (b. 1933)
2007 – Linda Stein, Ramones manager and real estate broker (b. 1945)
2007 – Washoe, chimpanzee trained in American Sign Language (b. 1965)
2007 – John Woodruff, American athlete (b. 1915)
2008 – Pedro Pompilio Argentinian businessman (b. 1950)

Holidays and observances

Calendar of Saints – October 30th is the feast day of the following Roman Catholic Saints:
Alonso Rodríguez
St. Artemas
St. Herbert
St. Marcellus the Centurion
St. Saturninus
Serapion of Antioch
United States – Mischief Night in some areas (known as Devil's Night in Michigan)
Day of Remembrance of the Victims of Political Repressions in post-Soviet states

 

[historylover]

October 31

Events

475 – Romulus Augustulus is proclaimed Western Roman Emperor.
1517 – Protestant Reformation: Martin Luther posts his 95 theses on the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg.
1587 – Leiden University Library opens its doors after its founding in 1575.
1822 – Emperor Agustín de Iturbide attempts to dissolve the Mexican Empire.
1861 – American Civil War: Citing failing health, Union General Winfield Scott resigns as Commander of the United States Army.
1863 – The Maori Wars resumes as British forces in New Zealand led by General Duncan Cameron begin their Invasion of the Waikato.
1864 – Nevada is admitted as the 36th U.S. state.
1876 – A monster cyclone ravages India, resulting in over 200,000 deaths.
1913 – Dedication of the Lincoln Highway, the first automobile road across United States.
1913 – The Indianapolis Street Car Strike and subsequent riot begins.
1917 – World War I: Battle of Beersheba – "last successful cavalry charge in history".
1918 – Banat Republic is founded
1923 – The first of 160 consecutive days of 100 degrees at Marble Bar, Australia.
1924 – World Savings Day is announced in Milan, Italy by the Members of the Association at the 1st International Savings Bank Congress (World Society of Savings Banks).
1926 – Magician Harry Houdini dies of gangrene and peritonitis that developed after his appendix ruptured.
1936 – The Boy Scouts of the Philippines is formed.
1938 – Great Depression: In an effort to restore investor confidence, the New York Stock Exchange unveils a fifteen-point program aimed to upgrade protection for the investing public.
1940 – World War II: The Battle of Britain ends – the United Kingdom prevents a German invasion.
1941 – After 14 years of work, drilling is completed on Mount Rushmore.
1941 – World War II: The destroyer USS Reuben James is torpedoed by a German U-boat near Iceland, killing more than 100 United States Navy sailors. It is the first U.S. Navy vessel sunk by enemy action in WWII.
1941 – A fire in a clothing factory in Huddersfield, England kills 49
1943 – World War II: An F4U Corsair accomplishes the first successful radar-guided interception.
1954 – Algerian War of Independence: The Algerian National Liberation Front begins a revolt against French rule.
1956 – Suez Crisis: The United Kingdom and France begin bombing Egypt to force the reopening of the Suez Canal.
1959 – Lee Harvey Oswald attempts to renounce his American citizenship at the US Embassy in Moscow, USSR.
1961 – In the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin's body is removed from Lenin's Tomb.
1963 – An explosion at the Indiana State Fair Coliseum (now Pepsi Coliseum) in Indianapolis kills 74 people during an ice skating show. The explosion also injures 400. A faulty propane tank connection in a concession stand is blamed.
1968 – Vietnam War October surprise: Citing progress with the Paris peace talks, US President Lyndon B. Johnson announces to the nation that he has ordered a complete cessation of "all air, naval, and artillery bombardment of North Vietnam" effective November 1.
1973 – Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape. Three Provisional Irish Republican Army members escape from Mountjoy Prison, Dublin, Republic of Ireland aboard a hijacked helicopter that lands in the exercise yard.
1984 – Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi is assassinated by two Sikh security guards. Riots soon break out in New Delhi and nearly 2,000 Sikhs are killed.
1986 – The 5th congress of the Communist Party of Sweden is inaugurated. During the course of the congress the party name is changed to the Solidarity Party and the party ceases to be a communist party.
1994 – An American Eagle ATR-72 crashes in Roselawn, Indiana, after circling in icy weather, killing 68 passengers and crew.
1996 – A Fokker F100 operating as TAM Transportes Aéreos Regionais Flight 402 crashes into several houses in São Paulo, Brazil killing 98 including 2 on the ground.
1997 – 19-year-old British au pair Louise Woodward, convicted by a Cambridge, Massachusetts, jury of second-degree murder the day before, is sentenced to life in prison.
1998 – Iraq disarmament crisis begins: Iraq announces it would no longer cooperate with United Nations weapons inspectors.
1999 – EgyptAir Flight 990 traveling from New York City to Cairo crashes off the coast of Nantucket, Massachusetts, killing all 217 on-board.
1999 – Roman Catholic Church and Lutheran Church leaders sign the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification, ending a centuries-old doctrinal dispute over the nature of faith and salvation.
1999 – Yachtsman Jesse Martin returns to Melbourne after 11 months of circumnavigating the world, solo, non-stop and unassisted.
2000 – A Singapore Airlines Boeing 747-400 operating as Flight 006 collides with construction equipment upon takeoff in Taipei, Taiwan killing 79 passengers and four crew members.
2000 – A chartered Antonov An-26 explodes after takeoff in Northern Angola killing 50.
2000 – Soyuz TM-31 launches, carrying the first resident crew to the International Space Station. The ISS has been continuously crewed since.
2002 – A federal grand jury in Houston, Texas formally indicts former Enron Corp. chief financial officer Andrew Fastow on 78 counts of wire fraud, money laundering, conspiracy and obstruction of justice related to the collapse of his ex-employer.
2003 – A bankruptcy court approves MCI's reorganization plans, essentially clearing the telecommunications company to exit bankruptcy.
2003 – Mahathir bin Mohamad resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia and is replaced by Deputy Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, marking an end to Mahathir's 22 years in power.

Births

1291 – Philippe de Vitry, French composer (d. 1361)
1345 – King Fernando I of Portugal (d. 1383)
1391 – King Duarte of Portugal (d. 1438)
1424 – King Wladislaus III of Poland (d. 1444)
1538 – Caesar Baronius, Italian cardinal and historian (d. 1607)
1599 – Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles, English statesman and writer (d. 1680)
1620 – John Evelyn, English diarist (d. 1706)
1622 – Pierre Paul Puget, French artist (d. 1694)
1632 – (baptism) Johannes Vermeer, Flemish painter (d. 1675)
1636 – Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria (d. 1679)
1692 – Comte de Caylus, French archaeologist (d. 1765)
1705 – Pope Clement XIV (d. 1774)
1711 – Laura Bassi, Italian scholar (d. 1778)
1724 – Christopher Anstey, English writer (d. 1805)
1737 – James Lovell, American educator (d. 1789)
1795 – John Keats, British poet (d. 1821)
1815 – Karl Weierstraß, German mathematician (d. 1897)
1825 – Charles Lavigerie, French cardinal (d. 1892)
1827 – Richard Morris Hunt, American educator (d. 1895)
1831 – Paolo Mantegazza, Italian neurologist (d. 1910)
1835 – Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1917)
1835 – Krišjānis Barons, Latvian writer (d. 1923)
1838 – King Louis of Portugal (d. 1889)
1848 – Boston Custer, brother of George Armstrong Custer (d. 1876)
1851 – Lovisa of Sweden, queen of Denmark (d. 1926)
1860 – Juliette Low, American founder of the Girl Scouts (d. 1927)
1875 – Eugene Meyer, American businessman and newspaper publisher (d. 1954)
1875 – Vallabhbhai Patel, Indian freedom fighter and statesman (d. 1950)
1879 – Sara Allgood, Irish actress (d. 1950)
1883 – Marie Laurencin, French painter (d. 1956)
1887 – Chiang Kai-shek, Nationalist Chinese leader, former Republic of China president (d. 1975)
1887 – Newsy Lalonde, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 1970)
1888 – Napoleon Lapathiotis, Greek poet (d. 1944)
1892 – Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (d. 1946)
1895 – Basil Liddell Hart, British military historian (d. 1970)
1896 – Ethel Waters, American singer and actress (d. 1977)
1902 – Abraham Wald, Hungarian mathematician (d. 1950)
1908 – Muriel Duckworth, Canadian activist (d. 2009)
1912 – Dale Evans, American singer and actress (d. 2001)
1912 – Ollie Johnston, American animator (d. 2008)
1914 – Joe Carcione, American consumer advocate (d. 1988)
1914 – John Hugenholtz, Dutch race track designer (d. 1995)
1916 – Carl Johan Bernadotte, former Prince of Sweden
1918 – Ian Stevenson, American parapsychologist (d. 2007)
1919 – Magnus Wenninger, American priest, author of Polyhedron models
1920 – Dick Francis, Welsh novelist
1920 – Joseph Gelineau French composer (d. 2008)
1920 – Dedan Kimathi, Kenyan rebel leader (d. 1957)
1920 – Helmut Newton, German photographer (d. 2004)
1920 – Fritz Walter, German footballer (d. 2002)
1922 – Barbara Bel Geddes, American actress (d. 2005)
1922 – Anatoli Papanov, Soviet actor (d. 1987)
1922 – Illinois Jacquet, American saxophonist (d. 2004)
1922 – King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia
1925 – John Pople, English chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 2004)
1926 – Jimmy Savile, English entertainer
1927 – Lee Grant, American actress
1927 – Thomas Hill, Canadian actor (d. 2009)
1928 – Cleo Moore, American actress (d. 1973)
1929 – Eddie Charlton, Australian snooker player (d. 2004)
1929 – Bud Spencer, Italian actor
1930 – Michael Collins, American astronaut
1931 – Dan Rather, American television journalist
1933 – Phil Goyette, Canadian ice hockey player
1935 – Ronald Graham, American mathematician
1936 – Michael Landon, American actor (d. 1991)
1937 – Tom Paxton, American singer-songwriter
1939 – Ron Rifkin, American actor
1939 – Tom O'Connor, British comedian
1939 – Ali Farka Touré, Malian musician (d. 2006)
1941 – Dan Alderson, American scientist
1941 – Derek Bell, British racing driver
1941 – Werner Krieglstein, Czech-American philosopher
1942 – Dave McNally, American baseball player (d. 2002)
1942 – David Ogden Stiers, American actor
1943 – Paul Frampton, English physicist
1943 – Brian Piccolo, American football player (d. 1970)
1944 – Kinky Friedman, American musician and novelist
1944 – Sally Kirkland, American actress
1945 – Brian Doyle-Murray, American comedian and actor
1945 – Russ Ballard, English rock singer/songwriter, guitarist (Argent)
1946 – Stephen Rea, Irish actor
1946 – Norman Lovett, British actor
1947 – Deidre Hall, American actress
1947 – Frank Shorter, American runner
1948 – Michael Kitchen, British actor
1949 – Bob Siebenberg, American drummer (Supertramp)
1950 – John Candy, Canadian comedian and actor (d. 1994)
1950 – Jozef Stolorz, Polish art painter
1950 – Jane Pauley, American news anchor
1950 – Zaha Hadid, British architect
1950 – Antonio Taguba, US Army Major General
1951 – Nick Saban, American college football coach
1951 – Dave Trembley, Major League Baseball manager (Baltimore Orioles)
1952 – Bernard Edwards, American bass guitarist (Chic) (d. 1996)
1953 – Michael J. Anderson, American actor
1953 – John Lucas II, American basketball player and coach
1954 – Ken Wahl, American actor
1956 – Anders Lago, Swedish Social Democratic politician
1957 – Robert Pollard, American rocker (Guided by Voices)
1957 – Brian Stokes Mitchell, American singer and actor
1957 – Shirley Phelps-Roper, American attorney
1958 – Jeannie Longo, French cyclist
1959 – Neal Stephenson, American author
1959 – Mats Näslund, Swedish ice hockey player
1960 – Luis Fortuño, Puerto Rican delegate to Congress
1960 – Arnaud Desplechin, French film director
1960 – Mike Gallego, American baseball player
1960 – Reza Pahlavi, former crown prince of Iran
1961 – Peter Jackson, New Zealand film director
1961 – Larry Mullen, Irish drummer (U2)
1961 – Alonzo Babers, American runner
1961 – Kate Campbell, American musician
1963 – Mikkey Dee, Swedish musician, drummer for Motörhead
1963 – Dunga, Brazilian footballer and manager
1963 – Johnny Marr, English guitarist and songwriter (The Smiths, Modest Mouse)
1963 – Fred McGriff, American baseball player
1963 – Dermot Mulroney, American actor
1963 – Rob Schneider, American actor
1964 – Colm Ó Cíosóig, Irish drummer (My Bloody Valentine, Hope Sandoval & the Warm Inventions)
1964 – Marco van Basten, Dutch footballer and manager
1964 – Marty Wright, American professional wrestler
1964 – Darryl Worley, American country singer
1965 – Denis Irwin, Irish footballer
1965 – Blue Edwards, American basketball player
1965 – Rob Rackstraw, voice actor
1966 – Joseph Boyden, Canadian novelist
1966 – Adam Horovitz (Adrock), American rapper (Beastie Boys)
1966 – Koji Kanemoto, Japanese professional wrestler
1966 – Annabella Lwin, British singer (Bow Wow Wow)
1966 – Mike O'Malley, American actor
1967 – Vanilla Ice, American rapper
1968 – Antonio Davis, American basketball player
1969 – David Coburn, American actor/voice actor
1970 – Nicky Wu, Taiwanese actor and martial arts expert
1970 – Linn Berggren, Swedish singer (Ace of Base)
1970 – Rogers Stevens, American guitarist (Blind Melon)
1970 – Mitch Harris, American guitarist (Napalm Death, among others)
1970 – Johnny Moeller, American blues guitarist
1970 – Steve Trachsel, American baseball player
1971 – Alphonso Ford, American basketball player (d. 2004)
1971 – Ian Walker, English footballer
1971 – Tom Smith, Scottish rugby player
1971 – Toby Anstis, British radio presenter
1972 – Shaun Bartlett, South African footballer
1972 – Matt Dawson, English rugby union footballer
1973 – Tim Byrdak, American baseball player
1973 – David Dellucci, American baseball player
1973 – Grigorios Georgatos, Greek footballer
1973 – Beverly Lynne, American erotic film actress
1974 – Muzzy Izzet, Turkish footballer
1974 – Natasja Saad, Danish hip hop and reggae artist (d. 2007)
1974 – Roger Manganelli, Brazilian musician (Less Than Jake)
1975 – Fabio Celestini, Swiss footballer
1975 – Keith Jardine, MMA fighter
1976 – Guti, Spanish footballer
1976 – Piper Perabo, American actress
1977 – Sylviane Félix, French athlete
1977 – Séverine Ferrer, French singer
1978 – Emmanuel Izonritei, Nigerian boxer
1978 – Zachary Knighton, American actor
1978 – Martin Verkerk, Dutch tennis player
1979 – Saaphyri Windsor, American reality TV figure
1979 – Simão Sabrosa, Portuguese footballer
1979 – Ricardo Fuller, Jamaican footballer
1980 – Eddie Kaye Thomas, American actor
1980 – Samaire Armstrong, American actress
1980 – Marcel Meeuwis, Dutch footballer
1980 – Alondra de la Parra, Mexican founder and artistic director of the New York-based Philharmonic Orchestra of the Americas
1981 – Irina Denezhkina, Russian writer
1981 – Frank Iero, American musician (My Chemical Romance, Leathermouth, Pencey Prep; founder of Skeleton Crew (record label))
1981 – Steven Hunter, American basketball player
1981 – Selina (Jiaxuan) Ren, Taiwanese singer (S.H.E)
1981 – Jon Crocker, American songwriter
1981 – Lollie Alexi Devereaux, French actress & writer
1982 – Jordan Bannister, Australian rules footballer
1982 – Tomáš Plekanec, Czech ice hockey player
1982 – Gabriela Irimia, Romanian/British singer (The Cheeky Girls)
1982 – Monica Irimia, Romanian/British singer (The Cheeky Girls)
1982 – Justin Chatwin, Canadian actor
1983 – Katy French, Irish model (d. 2007)
1986 – Christie Hayes, Australian actress
1986 – Chris Alajajian, Australian racing driver
1986 – Brent Corrigan, American pornographic actor
1987 – Nick Foligno, Canadian ice hockey player (Ottawa Senators)
1988 – Jack Riewoldt, Australian rules footballer
1988 – Sébastien Buemi, Swiss racing driver
1989 – Ben Brooks, British motocross racer
1990 – Lil' JJ, American comedian
2005 – Infanta Leonor of Spain, daughter of Felipe, Prince of Asturias and Letizia, Princess of Asturias

Deaths

1147 – Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, English politician (b. c.1090)
1214 – Leonora of England, queen of Alfonso VIII of Castile (b. 1162)
1448 – John VIII Palaeologus, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1390)
1517 – Fra Bartolommeo, Italian artist (b. 1472)
1641 – Cornelis Jol, Dutch admiral and privateer (b. 1597)
1659 – John Bradshaw, English judge (b. 1602)
1723 – Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1642)
1732 – Victor Amadeus II of Savoy (b. 1666)
1733 – Eberhard IV Ludwig, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1676)
1744 – Leonardo Leo, Italian composer (b. 1694)
1765 – Prince William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, English military leader (b. 1721)
1768 – Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (b. 1690)
1860 – Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald, British admiral (b. 1775)
1879 – Jacob Abbott, American author (b. 1803)
1879 – Joseph Hooker, American General (b. 1814)
1883 – Swami Dayananda Saraswati, founder of Arya Samaj (b. 1824)
1884 – Marie Bashkirtseff, Russian painter (b. 1858)
1913 – William Evans-Gordon, British politician (b. 1857)
1916 – Charles Taze Russell, American founder of the Jehovah's Witnesses (b. 1852)
1918 – Egon Schiele, Austrian painter (b. 1890)
1920 – Alphonse Desjardins, founder of the Caisses populaires Desjardins (b. 1854)
1925 – Max Linder, French actor, director and screenwriter (b. 1883)
1926 – Harry Houdini, Hungarian-born magician (b. 1874)
1929 – António José de Almeida, Portuguese politician and 6th President of Portugal (b. 1866)
1939 – Otto Rank, Austrian psychologist (b. 1884)
1946 – Gabriel Gabrio, French actor (b. 1887)
1952 – U Chit Hlaing, Burmese politician (b. 1879)
1959 – Jean Cabannes, French physicist (b. 1885)
1972 – Bill Durnan, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1916)
1975 – SD Burman, Indian musician (b. 1906)
1983 – George Halas, American football player, coach, and team owner (b. 1895)
1984 – Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (b. 1917)
1984 – Eduardo de Filippo, Italian actor and screenwriter (b. 1900)
1985 – Poul Reichhardt, Danish actor (b. 1913)
1985 – Nikos Engonopoulos, Greek painter and poet (b. 1907)
1985 – Anton Christoforidis, Greek boxer (b. 1918)
1986 – Robert S. Mulliken, American physicist and chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1896)
1987 – Joseph Campbell, American author and expert on mythology (b. 1904)
1988 – John Houseman, Romanian-born actor and director (b. 1902)
1988 – Alfred Pellan, Québécois painter (b. 1906)
1991 – Joseph Papp, American theatrical producer (b. 1921)
1991 – Gene Anderson, American professional wrestler (b. 1933)
1993 – Federico Fellini, Italian director (b. 1920)
1993 – River Phoenix, American actor (b. 1970)
1995 – Rosalind Cash, American actress (b. 1938)
1996 – Marcel Carné, French film director (b. 1906)
1998 – Elmer Vasko, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1935)
1999 – Greg Moore, Canadian race car driver (b. 1975)
2000 – Watanabe Kazuki Japanese musician (Raphael) (b. 1981)
2000 – Ring Lardner, Jr., American screenwriter (b. 1915)
2001 – Régine Cavagnoud, French skier (b. 1970)
2002 – Lionel Poilâne, French baker and entrepreneur (b. 1945)
2002 – Michail Stasinopoulos, Greek politician, former president of Greece (b. 1903)
2002 – Raf Vallone, Italian actor (b. 1916)
2003 – Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, Indian singer (b. 1908)
2003 – Richard Neustadt, American political historian (b. 1919)
2005 – Mary Wimbush, English actress (b. 1924)
2005 – John "Beatz" Holohan, American drummer (Bayside) (b. 1974)
2005 – Hal Anger, American biophysicist (b. 1920)
2006 – Pieter Willem Botha, President of South Africa (b. 1916)
2006 – Peter Fryer, English Marxist writer and journalist (b. 1927)
2007 – Ray Gravell, Welsh rugby union footballer (b. 1951)

Holidays and observances

Halloween
Cornwall, United Kingdom – Allantide
Slovenia and Protestant Church– Reformation Day
Roman Catholic Saints – October 31 is the feast day of the following Roman Catholic Saints:
St. Arnulf
St. Bega
St. Quentin
St. Urban
St. Wolfgang
Coptic Orthodox Church
Abaidas
Gaels – Samhain
Neopaganism – Samhain in the northern hemisphere, Beltane in the southern hemisphere (or on November 1)

 

[historylover]

November 1

Events

996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freising, which is the oldest known document using the name Ostarrîchi (Austria in Old High German).
1179 – Philip II is crowned King of France.
1348 – The anti-royalist Union of Valencia attacks the Jews of Murviedro on the pretext that they are serfs of the King of Valencia and thus "royalists".
1512 – The ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, painted by Michelangelo, is exhibited to the public for the first time.
1520 – The Strait of Magellan, the passage immediately south of mainland South America, connecting the Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, is first navigated by Ferdinand Magellan during his global circumnavigation voyage.
1604 – William Shakespeare's tragedy Othello is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
1611 – William Shakespeare's romantic comedy The Tempest is presented for the first time, at Whitehall Palace in London.
1612 – (22 October O.S.) Time of Troubles in Russia: Moscow, Kitai-gorod, is captured by Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky
1683 – The British crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.
1755 – Lisbon earthquake: In Portugal, Lisbon is destroyed by a massive earthquake and tsunami, killing between sixty thousand and ninety thousand people.
1765 – The British Parliament enacts the Stamp Act on the 13 colonies in order to help pay for British military operations in North America.
1790 – Edmund Burke publishes Reflections on the Revolution in France, in which he predicts that the French Revolution will end in a disaster.
1800 – US President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion (later renamed the White House).
1802 – Delegates meet at Chillicothe, Ohio to form a state constitutional convention.
1805 – Napoleon Bonaparte invades Austria during the War of the Third Coalition.
1814 – Congress of Vienna opens to re-draw the European political map after the defeat of France, in the Napoleonic Wars.
1848 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the first medical school for women, The Boston Female Medical School (which later merged with the Boston University School of Medicine), opens.
1859 – The current Cape Lookout, North Carolina, lighthouse is lit for the first time. Its first-order Fresnel lens can be seen for about 19 miles (30 kilometers), in good conditions.
1861 – American Civil War: US President Abraham Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing the aged General Winfield Scott.
1870 – In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.
1876 – New Zealand's provincial government system is dissolved.
1884 – The Gaelic Athletic Association is set up in Hayes's Hotel in Thurles, County Tipperary.
1886 – Ananda College, a leading Buddhist school in Sri Lanka is established with 37 students.
1894 – Nicholas II becomes the new Tsar of Russia after his father, Alexander III, dies.
1896 – A picture showing the unclad (bare) breasts of a woman appears in National Geographic magazine for the first time.
1901 – Sigma Phi Epsilon, the largest national male collegiate fraternity is established at Richmond College, in Richmond, VA.
1911 – The first dropping of a bomb from an airplane in combat, during the Italo-Turkish War.
1914 – World War I: the first British Royal Navy defeat of the war with Germany, the Battle of Coronel, is fought off of the western coast of Chile, in the Pacific, with the loss of HMS Good Hope and HMS Monmouth.
1915 – Parris Island is officially designated a Marine Corps Recruit Depot.
1916 – Paul Miliukov delivers in the State Duma the famous "stupidity or treason" speech, precipitating the downfall of the Boris Stürmer government.
1918 – Malbone Street Wreck: the worst rapid transit accident in US history occurs under the intersection of Malbone Street and Flatbush Avenue, Brooklyn, New York City, with at least 93 deaths.
1918 – Western Ukraine gains its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
1920 – American Fishing Schooner Esperanto defeats the Canadian Fishing Schooner Delawana in the First International Fishing Schooner Championship Races in Halifax.
1922 – The last sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Mehmed VI, abdicates.
1928 – The Law on the Adoption and Implementation of the Turkish Alphabet, replacing the version of the Arabic alphabet previously used, comes into force in Turkey.
1937 – Stalinists execute Pastor Paul Hamberg and seven members of Azerbaijan's Lutheran community (including three women).
1938 – Seabiscuit defeats War Admiral in an upset victory during a match race deemed "the match of the century" in horse racing.
1939 – The first rabbit born after artificial insemination is exhibited to the world.
1941 – American photographer Ansel Adams takes a picture of a moonrise over the town of Hernandez, New Mexico that would become one of the most famous images in the history of photography.
1942 – Matanikau Offensive begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and ends on November 4.
1943 – World War II: Battle of Empress Augusta Bay, United States Marines, the 3rd Marine Division, land on Bougainville in the Solomon Islands.
1943 – World War II: In support of the landings on Bougainville, U.S. aircraft carrier forces attack the huge Japanese base at Rabaul.
1944 – World War II: Units of the British Army land at Walcheren in the Netherlands.
1945 – The official North Korean newspaper, Rodong Sinmun, is first published under the name Chongro. Australia joins the United Nations.
1946 – The New York Knicks played against the Toronto Huskies at the Maple Leaf Gardens, in the first Basketball Association of America game. The Knicks would win 68-66.
1948 – Off southern Manchuria, 6,000 people are killed as a Chinese merchant ship explodes and sinks.
1950 – Puerto Rican nationalists Griselio Torresola and Oscar Collazo attempt to assassinate US President Harry S. Truman at Blair House.
1950 – Pope Pius XII witnesses "The Miracle of the Sun" while at the Vatican.
1950 – Pope Pius XII claims Papal Infallibility when he formally defines the dogma of the Assumption of Mary.
1951 – Operation Buster-Jangle: 6,500 American soldiers are exposed to 'Desert Rock' atomic explosions for training purposes in Nevada. Participation is not voluntary.
1952 – Operation Ivy – The United States successfully detonates the first large hydrogen bomb, codenamed "Mike" ["M" for megaton], in the Eniwetok atoll, located in the Marshall Islands in the central Pacific Ocean. The explosion had a yield of 10 megatons.
1954 – The Front de Libération Nationale fires the first shots of the Algerian War of Independence.
1955 – The bombing of United Airlines Flight 629 occurs near Longmont, Colorado, killing all 39 passengers and five crew members aboard the Douglas DC-6B airliner.
1956 – Kerala Piravi - The state of Kerala formarly known as Travancore-Cochin was officially formed .
1956 – Formation of Indian state of Andhra Pradesh with its capital as Hyderabad, formerly known as Nizam state.
1957 – The Mackinac Bridge, the world's longest suspension bridge between anchorages at the time, opens to traffic connecting Michigan's upper and lower peninsulas.
1959 – Montreal Canadiens goaltender Jacques Plante was struck in the face by a puck shot by Andy Bathgate of the New York Rangers. He was taken to the dressing room to recieve stitches and refused to go back in the game unless he wore his mask. Habs' coach Hector "Toe" Blake had no substitute goalie and he reluctantly permitted Plante to go back in the game with his legendary mask for the first time in an NHL game.
1960 – While campaigning for President of the United States, John F. Kennedy announces his idea of the Peace Corps.
1961 – 50,000 women in 60 cities participate in the inaugural Women Strike for Peace (WSP) against nuclear proliferation.
1963 – The Arecibo Observatory in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, with the largest radio telescope ever constructed, officially opens.
1968 – The Motion Picture Association of America's film rating system is officially introduced, originating with the ratings G, M, R, and X.
1970 – Club Cinq-Sept fire in Saint-Laurent-du-Pont, France kills 146 young people.
1973 – Watergate Scandal: Leon Jaworski is appointed as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor.
1973 – The Indian state of Mysore is renamed as Karnataka to represent all the regions within Karunadu .
1981 – Antigua and Barbuda gain independence from the United Kingdom.
1982 – Honda becomes the first Asian automobile company to produce cars in the United States with the opening of their factory in Marysville, Ohio. The Honda Accord is the first car produced there.
1993 – The Maastricht Treaty takes effect, formally establishing the European Union.
2005 – First part of the Gomery Report, which discusses allegations of political money manipulation by members of the Liberal Party of Canada, is released in Canada.

Births

846 – Louis the Stammerer, King of West Francia (d. 879)
1339 – Duke Rudolf IV of Austria (d. 1365)
1351 – Duke Leopold III of Austria (d. 1386)
1526 – Catherine Jagellonica of Poland, queen of Sweden and duchess of Finland (d. 1583)
1530 – Étienne de La Boétie, French judge and writer (d. 1563)
1539 – Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (d. 1596)
1549 – Anna of Austria, fourth wife of Philip II of Spain (d. 1580)
1567 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de Gondomar, Spanish diplomat (d. 1626)
1578 – Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (d. 1642)
1585 – Jan Brożek, Polish mathematician, physician, and astronomer (d. 1652)
1607 – Georg Philipp Harsdorffer, German poet (d. 1658)
1611 – François-Marie, comte de Broglie, Italian-born French commander (d. 1656)
1629 – St. Oliver Plunkett, last Catholic martyr to die in England. (d. 1681)
1636 – Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux, French poet and critic (d. 1711)
1643 – John Strype, English historian and biographer (d. 1737)
1661 – Florent Carton Dancourt, French dramatist and actor (d. 1725)
1704 – Paul Daniel Longolius, German encylopedist (d. 1779)
1720 – Toussaint-Guillaume Picquet de la Motte, French admiral (d. 1791)
1727 – Ivan Ivanovich Shuvalov, founder of the Moscow University (d. 1797)
1757 – Antonio Canova, Italian artist (d. 1822)
1762 – Spencer Perceval, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1812)
1778 – Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (d. 1837)
1782 – Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1859)
1808 – John Taylor, American religious leader (d. 1887)
1847 – Emma Albani, Canadian soprano (d. 1930)
1852 – Honinbo Shuei, Japanese Go player (d. 1907)
1860 – Boies Penrose, United States Senator from Pennsylvania (d. 1921)
1862 – Johan Wagenaar, Dutch composer and organist (d. 1941)
1864 – Grand Duchess Elizabeth Fyodorovna (d. 1918)
1871 – Stephen Crane, American writer (d. 1900)
1872 – Louis Dewis, Belgian Post-Impressionist painter (d. 1946)
1877 – Roger Quilter, British composer (d. 1953)
1878 – Konrad Mägi, Estonian painter (d. 1925)
1878 – Carlos Saavedra Lamas, Argentine politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1959)
1880 – Sholom Asch, Polish-born American writer (d. 1957)
1880 – Grantland Rice, American sports writer (d. 1954)
1880 – Alfred Wegener, German meteorologist and geophysicist (d. 1930)
1881 – Edward Van Sloan, American actor (d. 1964)
1886 – Hermann Broch, Austrian author (d. 1951)
1886 – Sakutarō Hagiwara, Japanese writer of free-style verse (d. 1942)
1887 – L. S. Lowry, British painter of industrial scenes (d. 1976)
1889 – Hannah Höch, German Dada artist (d. 1978)
1889 – Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, Canadian-born peace activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1982)
1892 – Alexander Alekhine, Russian-born chess player (d. 1946)
1896 – Edmund Blunden, English poet, author and critic (d. 1974)
1898 – Arthur Legat, Belgian racing driver (d. 1960)
1902 – Nordahl Grieg, Norwegian lyric poet (d. 1943)
1902 – Eugen Jochum, German conductor (d. 1987)
1903 – Max Adrian, Irish actor (d. 1973)
1903 – Edward "Carji" Greeves, Australian rules footballer (d. 1963)
1905 – Paul-Émile Borduas, Quebec painter (d. 1960)
1906 – Johnny Indrisano, American boxer and actor (d. 1968)
1911 – Henri Troyat, French author and historian (d. 2007)
1912 – Gunther Plaut, German-born Canadian rabbi and writer
1914 – Moshe Teitelbaum, Hassidic rabbi (d. 2006)
1917 – Clarence E. Miller, American politician
1920 – James Kilpatrick, American journalist
1920 – Ted Lowe, English former snooker commentator
1921 – John W. Peterson, American songwriter (d. 2006)
1923 – Gordon R. Dickson, Canadian author (d. 2001)
1923 – Victoria de los Angeles, Spanish soprano (d. 2005)
1924 – Jean-Luc Pépin, French Canadian politician (d. 1995)
1924 – Süleyman Demirel, 9th President of Turkey
1926 – Lou Donaldson, American jazz alto saxophonist
1926 – Betsy Palmer, American actress
1927 – Victor Pellot, Puerto Rican baseball player (d. 2005)
1928 – Emmaline Henry, American actress (d. 1979)
1929 – Nicholas Mavroules, U.S. Congressman from Massachusetts (d. 2003)
1930 – A. R. Gurney, American playwright
1931 – Chosuke Ikariya, Japanese comedian (d. 2004)
1931 – Shunsuke Kikuchi, Japanese composer
1932 – John Clark, English-born actor/director
1932 – Al Arbour, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1934 – Umberto Agnelli, Italian automobile executive (d. 2004)
1934 – Gillian Knight, English mezzo-soprano
1934 – William Mathias, British composer (d. 1992)
1935 – Gary Player, South African golfer
1935 – Edward Said, Palestinian-born literary critic (d. 2003)
1936 – Eddie Colman, English footballer (d. 1958)
1936 – Katsuhisa Hattori, Japanese composer
1936 – Shizuka Kamei, Japanese politician
1937 – Bill Anderson, American country music singer and songwriter
1939 – Barbara Bosson, American actress
1940 – Ramesh Chandra Lahoti, Chief Justice of India
1940 – Barry Sadler, American singer (d. 1989)
1941 – Alfio Basile, Argentine football coach
1942 – Larry Flynt, American magazine publisher
1942 – Ralph Klein, Premier of Alberta
1942 – Marcia Wallace, American actress
1943 – Salvatore Adamo, popular singer
1943 – John McEnery, English actor
1943 – Jacques Attali, French economist
1944 – Oscar Temaru, President of French Polynesia
1944 – Bobby Heenan, American professional wrestling manager and commentator
1946 – Ric Grech, English rock bassist (Family, Ginger Baker's Air Force, Traffic) (d. 1990)
1946 – Dennis Muren, American special effects artist
1946 – Lynne Russell, ex-CNN news anchor
1947 – Jim Steinman, American songwriter
1948 – Phil Myre, Canadian ice hockey player
1949 – Michael D. Griffin, NASA chief administrator
1949 – David Foster, Canadian musician and composer
1950 – Mitch Kapor, American computer programmer and businessman
1950 – Robert B. Laughlin, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1950 – Dan Peek, American guitarist (America)
1951 – Belita Moreno, American actress
1951 – Ronald Bell, American singer and saxophonist (Kool & the Gang)
1951 – Fabrice Luchini, French actor
1953 – Jan Davis, American astronaut
1955 – Beth Leavel, American musical theatre actress
1955 – Mike Mendoza, British radio personality
1957 – Lyle Lovett, American singer
1957 – Peter Ostrum, American actor
1957 – Carlos Paião, Portuguese singer (d. 1988)
1958 – Joe DeRenzo, American musician
1958 – Charlie Kaufman, American screenwriter
1958 – Jim Steinmeyer, Illusion creator
1958 – Rachel Ticotin, American actress
1959 – Eriko Hara, Japanese voice actress
1960 – Fernando Valenzuela, Mexican baseball player
1961 – Louise Boije af Gennäs, Swedish writer and novelist
1961 – Calvin Johnson, American musician (Beat Happening, The Halo Benders, Dub Narcotic Sound System)
1961 – Kim Krizan, American screenwriter
1961 – Nicky Grist, WRC Co-Driver
1962 – Anthony Kiedis, American singer (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
1962 – Magne Furuholmen, Norwegian guitarist and keyboardist (a-ha)
1963 – Rick Allen, British drummer (Def Leppard)
1963 – Kenny Alphin, American guitarist (Big & Rich)
1963 – Monty Sopp, American professional wrestler
1963 – Mark Hughes, Welsh footballer
1964 – Daran Norris, American actor
1965 – Patrik Ringborg, Swedish conductor
1966 – Willie D, American hip hop artist, famous for being a member of The Geto Boys
1966 – Mary Hansen, Australian guitarist and singer (Stereolab) (d. 2002)
1967 – Sophie B. Hawkins, American musician
1967 – Tina Arena, Australian singer
1967 – Carla van de Puttelaar, Dutch photographer
1968 – Park Shin-yang, South Korean actor
1969 – Tie Domi, Canadian ice hockey player
1971 – Vikram Chatwal, Indian hotelier
1972 – Jenny McCarthy, American "Playmate of the Year" and TV actress
1972 – Toni Collette, Australian actress
1972 – Sean Roberge, Canadian actor (d. 1996)
1972 – Paul Dickov, Scottish footballer
1973 – Aishwarya Rai, Indian actress and Miss World, 1994.
1973 – Assia, Algerian singer
1973 – Geoff Horsfield, English footballer
1974 – V. V. S. Laxman, Indian cricketer
1975 – Bo Bice, American singer
1975 – Scott "Skippy" Chapman, American musician
1975 – Megan Wing, Canadian figure skater
1976 – Matt Chapman, American cartoonist and voice actor
1976 – Logan Marshall-Green, American actor
1978 – Manju Warrier, Indian actress
1978 – Mary Kate Schellhardt, American actress
1978 – Jessica Valenti, American feminist writer and blogger
1979 – Coco Crisp, American baseball player
1979 – Delgado, Angolan footballer
1979 – Milan Dudić, Serbian footballer
1979 – Henry Shefflin, Irish hurler
1982 – Michael Copon, American actor
1983 – Yuko Ogura, Japanese model
1983 – Josh Wicks, American footballer
1983 – Jon Wilkin, English rugby league footballer
1984 – Natalia Tena, English actress
1986 – Penn Badgley, American actor
1988 – Ai Fukuhara, Japanese table tennis Player
1988 – Masahiro Tanaka, Japanese baseball Player

 

[historylover]

Deaths

921 – Richard, Duke of Burgundy
955 – Henry I, Duke of Bavaria
1296 – Guillaume Durand, French writer (b. 1230)
1391 – Amadeus VII of Savoy (b. 1360)
1399 – John V, Duke of Brittany (b. 1339)
1546 – Giulio Romano, Italian painter
1588 – Jean Daurat, French poet (b. 1508)
1596 – Pierre Pithou, French lawyer and scholar (b. 1539)
1642 – Jean Nicolet, French explorer (b. 1598)
1676 – Gisbertus Voetius, Dutch theologian (b. 1589)
1678 – William Coddington, first Governor of Rhode Island (b. 1601)
1700 – Charles II of Spain (b. 1661)
1814 – Alexander Samoylov, Russian general and statesman (b. 1744)
1888 – Nikolai Przhevalsky, Russian explorer (b. 1838)
1894 – Tsar Alexander III of Russia (b. 1845)
1903 – Theodor Mommsen, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1817)
1907 – Alfred Jarry, French writer (b. 1873)
1942 – Hugo Distler, German composer (b. 1908)
1947 – Man o' War, American thoroughbred racehorse (b. 1917)
1952 – Dixie Lee. American actress, dancer, and singer (b. 1911)
1955 – Dale Carnegie, American writer (b. 1888)
1962 – Ricardo Rodríguez, Mexican racing driver (b. 1942)
1968 – George Papandreou, Greek politician (b. 1888)
1972 – Ezra Pound, American poet (b. 1885)
1979 – Mamie Eisenhower, First Lady of the United States (b. 1896)
1982 – King Vidor, American film director (b. 1894)
1982 – James Broderick, American actor (b. 1927)
1983 – Anthony van Hoboken, Dutch musicologist (b. 1887)
1985 – Phil Silvers, American actor and comedian (b. 1911)
1986 – Serge Garant, French-Canadian composer and conductor (b. 1929)
1987 – René Lévesque, Premier of Quebec (b. 1922)
1993 – Severo Ochoa, Spanish biochemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1905)
1993 – A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian (b. 1911)
1994 – Noah Beery, Jr., American actor (b. 1913)
1999 – Theodore Alvin Hall, American atomic spy (b. 1925)
1999 – Jean Coutu, Canadian actor (b. 1925)
1999 – Walter Payton, American football player (b. 1954)
2000 – Bernard Erhard, American voice actor (b. 1934)
2004 – Mac Dre, American rapper (b. 1970)
2004 – Terry Knight, American music promoter (b. 1943)
2005 – Skitch Henderson, English bandleader (b. 1918)
2005 – Michael Piller, American screenwriter (b. 1948)
2006 – William Styron, American author (b. 1925)
2006 – Adrienne Shelly, American actress (b. 1966)
2007 – Paul Tibbets, US Air Force retired Brigadier General (b. 1915)
2007 – S. Ali Raza, Bollywood Screenwriter (b. 1922)
2008 – Nathaniel Mayer, American soul musician (b. 1944)
2008 – Jacques Piccard, Swiss ocean explorer (b. 1922)
2008 – Yma Sumac, Peruvian singer (b. 1922)
2008 – Shakir Stewart, American music producer (b. 1974)

Holidays and observances

Andhra Pradesh India- Formation day Formation of Andhra Pradesh state, the land of telugu speaking people in the Union of India.
Karnataka India- Rajyotsava day Formation of Karnataka State in the Union of India.
Mexico- Day of the Dead celebrations begin.
Roman festivals – last day of the Ludi Victoriae Sullanae.
Catholicism – Holy Day of Obligation, All Saints Day. Holiday in Argentina, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Chile, Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta (for schools only), Mauritius, Mexico, Peru, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain.
Feast day of Saint Austromoine, Saint Benignus of Dijon
Algeria – National day
Antigua and Barbuda – Independence Day (from Britain, 1981)
Ireland – Samhain the traditional first day of Winter
World Vegan Day
National Sugar Rush Day
November 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Bulgaria - Day of the leaders of the Bulgarian National Revival (Bulgarian: Ден на народните будители)

 

[historylover]

November 2

Events

1410 – The Peace of Bicêtre between the Armagnac and Burgundian factions is signed.
1570 – A tidal wave in the North Sea devastates the coast from Holland to Jutland, killing more than 1,000 people.
1675 – A combined effort by the Plymouth, Rhode Island, Massachusetts Bay and Connecticut colonies attacks the Great Swamp Fort, owned by the Narragansetts during King Philip's War.
1772 – American Revolutionary War: Samuel Adams and Joseph Warren form the first Committee of Correspondence.
1783 – In Rocky Hill, New Jersey, US General George Washington gives his "Farewell Address to the Army".
1795 – The French Directory succeeds the French National Convention as the government of Revolutionary France.
1861 – American Civil War: Western Department Union General John C. Fremont is relieved of command and replaced by David Hunter.
1868 – Time zone: New Zealand officially adopts a standard time to be observed nationally
1882 – Oulu, Finland was decimated by the Great Oulu Fire of 1882
1889 – North and South Dakota are admitted as the 39th and 40th U.S. states.
1895 – The first gasoline-powered race in the United States. First prize: $2,000
1898 – Cheerleading is started at the University of Minnesota with Johnny Campbell leading the crowd in cheering on the football team.
1899 – The Boers begin their 118 day siege of British held Ladysmith during the Second Boer War.
1909 – Lambda Chi Alpha fraternity is founded at Boston University.
1914 – Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
1917 – The Balfour Declaration proclaims British support for the "establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people" with the clear understanding "that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities".
1920 – In the United States, KDKA of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania starts broadcasting as the first commercial radio station. The first broadcast is the result of the U.S. presidential election, 1920.
1930 – Haile Selassie is crowned emperor of Ethiopia.
1936 – The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation is established.
1936 – Italian dictator Benito Mussolini proclaims the Rome-Berlin Axis, establishing the alliance of the Axis Powers.
1936 – The British Broadcasting Corporation initiates the BBC Television Service, the world's first regular, high-definition (then defined as at least 200 lines) service. Renamed BBC1 in 1964, the channel still runs to this day.
1947 – In California, designer Howard Hughes performs the maiden (and only) flight of the Spruce Goose; the largest fixed-wing aircraft ever built.
1953 – The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan names the country The Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
1957 – The Levelland UFO Case in Levelland, Texas, generates national publicity, and remains one of the most impressive UFO cases in American history.
1959 – Quiz show scandals: Twenty One game show contestant Charles Van Doren admits to a Congressional committee that he had been given questions and answers in advance.
1959 – The first section of the M1 motorway, the first inter-urban motorway in the United Kingdom, is opened between the present junctions 5 and 18, along with the M10 motorway and M45 motorway
1960 – Penguin Books is found not guilty of obscenity in the Lady Chatterley's Lover case
1963 – South Vietnamese President Ngô Ðình Diệm is assassinated following a military coup.
1964 – King Saud of Saudi Arabia is deposed by a family coup, and replaced by his half-brother King Faisal.
1965 – Norman Morrison, a 31-year-old Quaker, sets himself on fire in front of the river entrance to the Pentagon to protest the use of napalm in the Vietnam war.
1966 – The Cuban Adjustment Act enters force, allowing 123,000 Cubans the opportunity to apply for permanent residence in the United States.
1967 – Vietnam War: US President Lyndon B. Johnson and "The Wise Men" conclude that the American people should be given more optimistic reports on the progress of the war.
1973 – The Communist Party of India (Marxist) and the Communist Party of India forms a 'United Front' in the state of Tripura.
1974 – 78 die when the Time Go-Go Club in Seoul, South Korea burns down. Six of the victims jumped to their deaths from the seventh floor after a club official barred the doors after the fire started.
1983 – U.S. President Ronald Reagan signs a bill creating Martin Luther King, Jr. Day.
1984 – Capital punishment: Velma Barfield becomes the first woman executed in the United States since 1962.
1988 – The Morris worm, the first internet-distributed computer worm to gain significant mainstream media attention, is launched from MIT.
1995 – Former South African defence minister General Magnus Malan and 10 other former senior military officers are arrested and charged with murdering 13 black people in 1987, (all the accused are later acquitted).

Births

1082 – Emperor Huizong of China (d. 1135)
1475 – Princess Anne of York, Countess of Surrey (d. 1511)
1636 – Edward Colston, English merchant and philanthropist (d. 1721)
1667 – James Sobieski, Crown Prince of Poland (d. 1737)
1692 – Unico Wilhelm van Wassenaer, Dutch composer (d. 1766)
1696 – Conrad Weiser, Pennsylvania's ambassador to the Native Americans (d. 1760)
1699 – Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, French painter (d. 1779)
1709 – Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange (d. 1759)
1734 – Daniel Boone American explorer (d. 1820)
1739 – Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf, Austrian composer (d. 1799)
1741 – Joan van der Capellen tot den Pol, Dutch politician (d. 1784)
1755 – Marie Antoinette, Queen of France (d. 1793)
1766 – Joseph Radetzky von Radetz, Austrian field marshal (d. 1858)
1777 – Fortunat Alojzy Gonzaga Żółkowski, Polish actor (d. 1822)
1777 – Princess Sophia of the United Kingdom (d. 1848)
1795 – James Knox Polk, 11th President of the United States (d. 1849)
1799 – John Light Atlee, American physician and surgeon (d. 1885)
1808 – Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly, French writer (d. 1889)
1815 – George Boole, English mathematician and philosopher (d. 1864)
1821 – Sir George Bowen, British provincial governor (d. 1899)
1833 – Mahendralal Sarkar, Indian doctor (d. 1904)
1837 – Émile Bayard, French artist, illustrator (d. 1891)
1844 – Mehmed V, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1918)
1855 – Henrik Schück, Swedish literary historian (d. 1947)
1865 – Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (d. 1923)
1877 – Joseph De Piro, Maltese founder of the Missionary Society of St. Paul (d. 1933)
1877 – Victor Trumper, Australian cricketer (d. 1915)
1877 – Aga Khan III, Shia Imam (d. 1957)
1883 – Jean-Marie-Rodrigue Villeneuve, cardinal and archbishop of Quebec (d. 1947)
1885 – Harlow Shapley, American astronomer (d. 1972)
1886 – Dhirendranath Datta, Bangladeshi politician (d. 1971)
1890 – Moa Martinson, Swedish writer (d. 1964)
1892 – Alice Brady, Academy Award-winning American actress (d. 1939)
1893 – Battista Farina, founder of Pininfarina company (d. 1966)
1894 – Alexander Lippisch, German scientist (d. 1976)
1899 – Peter Aufschnaiter, Austrian mountaineer, known from Seven Years in Tibet (d. 1973)
1903 – Travis Jackson, American baseball player (d. 1987)
1905 – James Dunn, American actor (d. 1967)
1906 – Daniil Andreev, Russian poet (d. 1959)
1906 – Luchino Visconti, Italian director (d. 1976)
1908 – Fred Bakewell, English cricketer (d. 1983)
1910 – Fouad Serageddin, Egyptian politician (d. 1999)
1911 – Odysseus Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1996)
1911 – Raphael Robinson, US mathematician (d. 1995)
1913 – Burt Lancaster, American actor (d. 1994)
1914 – Johnny Vander Meer, baseball player (d. 1997)
1915 – Beryl McBurnie, Trinidadian dancer (d. 2000)
1915 – Sidney Luft, American movie director (d. 2005)
1920 – Ann Rutherford, American actress
1921 – Shepard Menken, American voice actor (d. 1999)
1921 – Bill Mosienko, National Hockey League player (d. 1994)
1924 – (Father) David Bauer, Canadian ice hockey player and priest (d. 1988)
1924 – Rudy Van Gelder, American recording engineer
1927 – Steve Ditko, American artist
1928 – Paul Johnson, British historian
1929 – Muhammad Rafiq Tarar, President of Pakistan
1929 – Richard E. Taylor, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1934 – Bill Gothard, American minister and speaker
1934 – Ken Rosewall, Australian tennis player
1936 – Abdullah the Butcher, wrestler
1936 – Rose Bird, American judge (d. 1999)
1936 – Jack Starrett, American actor and director (d. 1989)
1937 – Earl Carroll, lead vocalist of The Cadillacs
1938 – Jay Black, American singer (Jay and the Americans)
1938 – Pat Buchanan, American journalist and politician
1938 – Queen Sofia of Spain
1939 – Richard Serra, American sculptor and video artist
1940 – Jim Bakken, American football player
1941 – Bruce Welch, English musician and songwriter (The Shadows)
1942 – Shere Hite, American author
1942 – Stefanie Powers, American actress
1944 – Patrice Chéreau, French director, actor and producer
1944 – Keith Emerson, British keyboardist and composer (Emerson, Lake & Palmer)
1946 – Alan Jones, Australian race car driver and one-time F1 world champion
1946 – Giuseppe Sinopoli, Italian conductor and composer (d. 2001)
1949 – Simon Augustini, Albanian politician
1951 – Thomas Mallon, American novelist and critic
1951 – Lindy Morrison, Australian musician (The Go-Betweens)
1952 – Maxine Nightingale, English singer
1954 – Pat Croce, American entrepreneur
1955 – Chris Burnett, American musician
1956 – Peter Mullan, Scottish actor
1957 – Carter Beauford, American drummer (Dave Matthews Band)
1957 – Rita Crockett, American Olympic volleyball player
1958 – Willie McGee, American baseball player
1960 – Tihomir Blaškić, Croatian war criminal
1961 – k.d. lang, Canadian musician
1961 – Jeff Tedford, head coach of the California Golden Bears
1962 – David Brock, American political commentator, pundit
1962 – Mireille Delunsch, French soprano
1962 – Simon Hill, English-Australian Football commentator
1963 – Bobby Dall, American Musician Poison (band)
1963 – Jonas Gardell, Swedish writer
1963 – Craig Saavedra, American filmmaker
1963 – Park Young Seok, South Korean mountaineer
1964 – Britta Lejon, Swedish politician
1965 – Shahrukh Khan, Indian actor
1965 – Samuel Le Bihan, French actor
1966 – Sean Kanan, American actor
1966 – Tim Kirkman, American filmmaker
1966 – Khaled Abol Naga, Egyptian actor
1966 – David Schwimmer, American actor
1966 – Yoshinari Ogawa, Japanese professional wrestler
1967 – Kurt Elling, American jazz vocalist
1967 – Marc van Roon, Dutch improvising musician
1968 – Ultra Naté, American musician
1969 – Reginald "Fieldy" Arvizu, American bassist (KoЯn)
1970 – Sharmell Sullivan, American professional wrestling valet
1972 – Samantha Janus, British entertainer
1972 – Darío Silva, Uruguayan footballer
1972 – Vladimir Vorobiev, Russian ice hockey player
1973 – Marisol Nichols, American actress
1974 – Orlando Cabrera, Colombian baseball player
1974 – Nelly, American rapper
1974 – Prodigy, American rapper (Mobb Deep)
1975 – Stéphane Sarrazin, French rally driver
1975 – Chris Walla, American musician (Death Cab for Cutie)
1976 – Sidney Ponson, Aruban baseball player
1977 – Jason Cerbone, American actor (The Sopranos)
1977 – Randy Harrison, American actor
1978 – Carmen Cali, American baseball player
1978 – Vitor "Shaolin" Ribeiro, Brazilian mixed-martial artist and Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu world champion
1979 – Erika Flores, American actress
1979 – Julie Lund, Danish actress
1980 – Kim So-yeon, South Korean actress
1980 – Amos Roberts Australian Rugby League Player
1981 – Wilson Betemit, Dominican baseball player
1981 – Avy Scott, American pornographic actress
1981 – Roddy White, American football player
1982 – Kyoko Fukada, Japanese actress, model and singer
1982 – Yunel Escobar, Cuban baseball player
1982 – Charles Itandje, French footballer
1984 – Tamara Hope, Canadian actress
1984 – Julia Stegner, German model
1986 – Lara Sacher, Australian actress
1987 – Danny Cipriani English rugby union player
1989 – Luke Schenn, Canadian hockey player
1989 – Katelyn Tarver, American singer

Deaths

943 – Queen Emma of France, (b. 894)
1083 – Matilda of Flanders, Queen consort (b. 1031)
1285 – King Peter III of Aragon (b. 1239)
1327 – King James II of Aragon (b. 1267)
1483 – Henry Stafford, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English politician (b. 1454)
1610 – Richard Bancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1544)
1618 – Archduke Maximilian III of Austria (b. 1568)
1716 – Engelbert Kaempfer, German physician and traveler (b. 1651)
1807 – Baron de Breteuil, French statesman (b. 1730)
1846 – Esaias Tegnér, Swedish writer, professor of Greek language, and bishop (b. 1782)
1852 – Pyotr Kotlyarevsky, Russian general (b. 1782)
1863 – Theodore Judah, American railroad engineer (b. 1826)
1877 – Friedrich Graf von Wrangel, Prussian field marshal (b. 1784)
1887 – Jenny Lind, Swedish soprano (b. 1820)
1898 – George Goyder, English-born surveyor-general of South Australia (b. 1826)
1905 – Albert von Kölliker, Swiss anatomist (b. 1817)
1935 – Jock Cameron, South African cricketer (b. 1905)
1944 – Thomas Midgley, American chemist and inventor (b. 1889)
1945 – Princess Thyra, daughter of Frederick VIII of Denmark (b. 1880)
1949 – Jerome F. Donovan, American politician (b. 1872)
1950 – George Bernard Shaw, Irish writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1856)
1958 – Jean Couzy, French mountaineer, First ascent of Makalu in 1955 (b. 1923)
1959 – Michael Considine, Australian politician (b. 1885)
1960 – Dimitris Mitropoulos, Greek conductor and composer (b. 1896)
1961 – James Thurber, American humorist (b. 1894)
1963 – Ngô Đình Diệm, President of South Vietnam (b. 1901)
1966 – Peter Debye, Dutch chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1884)
1966 – Mississippi John Hurt, American blues singer (b. 1892)
1970 – Richard Cardinal Cushing, archbishop of Boston (b. 1895)
1975 – Pier Paolo Pasolini, Italian film director (b. 1922)
1979 – Jacques Mesrine, French criminal (b. 1936)
1982 – Lester Roloff, American religious personality (b. 1914)
1984 – Velma Barfield, American murderer (b. 1932)
1986 – Paul Frees, American voice actor (b. 1920)
1991 – Irwin Allen, American film producer (b. 1916)
1992 – Hal Roach, American director and producer (b. 1892)
1996 – Eva Cassidy, American singer (b. 1963)
1998 – Vincent Winter, British actor (b. 1957)
2002 – Tonio Selwart, German actor (b. 1896)
2002 – Charles Sheffield, American author and physicist (b. 1935)
2003 – Frank McCloskey, American politician (b. 1939)
2004 – Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (b. 1918)
2004 – Theo van Gogh, Dutch filmmaker (b. 1957)
2004 – Gerrie Knetemann, Dutch cyclist (b. 1951)
2005 – Ferruccio Valcareggi, Italian football player and coach (b. 1919)
2007 – Charmaine Dragun, Australian journalist (b. 1978)
2007 – Witold Kiełtyka, Polish metal drummer (Decapitated) (b. 1984)
2007 – Igor Moiseyev, Russian choreographer (b. 1906)
2007 – Lillian Ellison, American professional wrestler (b. 1923)
2007 – Henry Cele, South African actor (b. 1949)

Holidays and observances

Mauritius – Indian Arrival Day
Catholicism and Anglicanism – All Souls Day
Ancient Latvia – Dveselu Diena held
Latin America – Day of the Dead (Spanish: El Dia de los Muertos), a celebration of dead ancestors.
United States – admission day (1889) of North Dakota and South Dakota as 39th and 40th states.
Rastafari movement – The coronation of Haile Selassie (1930) celebrated
Brazil and Portugal – Dia de Finados (or Dia dos Fiéis Defuntos), a celebration of dead ancestors in the All Souls Day.

 

[historylover]

November 3

Events

644 – Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim caliph, is killed by a Persian slave in Medina.
1468 – Liège is sacked by Charles I of Burgundy's troops.
1493 – Christopher Columbus first sights the island of Dominica in the Caribbean Sea.
1783 – John Austin, a highwayman, is the last person to be publicly hanged at London's Tyburn gallows.
1783 – The American Continental Army is disbanded.
1793 – French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
1812 – Napoleon's armies are defeated at Vyazma
1817 – The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest chartered bank, opens in Montreal, Quebec.
1838 – The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
1848 – A greatly revised Dutch constitution, drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, severely limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy, and strengthening the powers of parliament and ministers, is proclaimed. This constitution is still in effect today.
1867 – Garibaldi and his followers are defeated in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end the Pope's Temporal power in Rome (it would be achieved three years later).
1883 – American Old West: Self-described "Black Bart the poet" gets away with his last stagecoach robbery, but leaves an incriminating clue that eventually leads to his capture.
1887 – Coimbra Academic Association, the oldest students' union in Portugal, is founded.
1903 – With the encouragement of the United States, Panama proclaims itself independent from Colombia. US President Theodore Roosevelt had wanted the United States to build the Panama Canal, but was not willing to pay what Colombia asked.
1905 – Czar Nicholas II of Russia signs a document of amnesty for political prisoners.
1911 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.
1913 – The United States introduces an income tax.
1918 – Austria-Hungary enters into an armistice with the Allies, and the Habsburg-ruled empire dissolves.
1918 – Poland declares its independence from Russia.
1930 – Getúlio Dornelles Vargas becomes Head of the Provisional Government in Brazil after a bloodless coup on October 24.
1935 – George II of Greece regains his throne through a popular plebiscite.
1942 – World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein ends – German forces under Erwin Rommel are forced to retreat during the night.
1942 – World War II: The Koli Point action begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and ends on November 12.
1943 – World War II: 500 aircraft of the U.S. 8th Air Force devastate Wilhelmshafen harbor in Germany.
1944 – World War II: Two supreme commanders of the Slovak National Uprising, Generals Ján Golian and Rudolf Viest are captured, tortured and later executed by German forces.
1957 – Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2. On board is the first animal to enter orbit, a dog named Laika.
1964 – Washington D.C. residents are able to vote in a presidential election for the first time.
1967 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Dak To begins.
1969 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard M. Nixon addresses the nation on television and radio, asking the "silent majority" to join him in solidarity on the Vietnam War effort and to support his policies.
1973 – Mariner program: NASA launches the Mariner 10 toward Mercury. On March 29, 1974, it becomes the first space probe to reach that planet.
1978 – Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
1979 – Greensboro massacre: Five members of the Communist Workers Party are shot dead and seven are wounded by a group of Klansmen and neo-Nazis during a "Death to the Klan" rally in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States.
1982 – The Salang tunnel fire in Afghanistan kills up to 2,000 people.
1986 – Iran-Contra Affair: The Lebanese magazine Ash-Shiraa reports that the United States has been secretly selling weapons to Iran in order to secure the release of seven American hostages held by pro-Iranian groups in Lebanon.
1986 – The Federated States of Micronesia gain independence from the United States of America.
1988 – Sri Lankan Tamil mercenaries try to overthrow the Maldivian government. At President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom's request, the Indian military suppresses the coup attempt within 24 hours.
1996 – Death of Abdullah Çatlı, leader of the Turkish ultra-nationalist organisation Grey Wolves in the Susurluk car-crash, which leads to the resignation of the Turkish Interior Minister, Mehmet Ağar (a leader of the True Path Party, DYP).
1997 – The United States of America imposes economic sanctions against Sudan in response to its human rights abuses of its own citizens and its material and political assistance to Islamic extremist groups across the Middle East and Eastern Africa.
2007 – Pervez Musharraf declares emergency rule across Pakistan. He suspends the Constitution, imposes a State of Emergency, and fires the chief justice of the Supreme Court.

Births

39 – Lucan, Roman poet (d. 65)
1500 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian artist (d. 1571)
1558 – Thomas Kyd, English author (d. 1594)
1560 – Annibale Carracci, Italian painter (d. 1609)
1587 – Samuel Scheidt, German composer (d. 1654)
1604 – Osman II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1622)
1618 – Aurangzeb, Mughal Emperor of India (d. 1707)
1633 – Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (d. 1714)
1718 – John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, English statesman (d. 1792)
1749 – Daniel Rutherford, Scottish chemist and physician (d. 1819)
1757 – Robert Smith, American politician, 2nd Secretary of the Navy and 6th Secretary of State (d. 1842)
1793 – Stephen F. Austin, American pioneer (d. 1836)
1794 – William Cullen Bryant, American poet and journalist (d. 1878)
1799 – William Sprague III, American politician (d. 1856)
1801 – Karl Baedeker, German author and publisher (d. 1859)
1801 – Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (d. 1835)
1815 – John Mitchel, Irish nationalist (d. 1875)
1816 – Jubal Early, American Confederate general (d. 1894)
1816 – Calvin Fairbank, American abolitionist minister (d. 1898)
1845 – Edward Douglass White, 9th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1921)
1852 – Emperor Meiji, 122nd Emperor of Japan (d. 1912)
1856 – Jim McCormick, American baseball player (d. 1918)
1857 – Mikhail Alekseev, Russian general (d. 1918)
1862 – Henry George, Jr., American politician (d. 1916)
1863 – Alfred Perot, French physicist (d. 1925)
1871 – Albert Goldthorpe, English rugby league footballer (d. 1943)
1876 – Stephen Peter Alencastre, Roman Catholic prelate (d. 1940)
1877 – Carlos Ibáñez del Campo, Chilean president. (d. 1960)
1887 – Samuil Marshak, Russian writer and children's poet (d. 1964)
1890 – Eustaquio van Lieshout, Dutch priest (d. 1943)
1893 – Edward Adelbert Doisy, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1986)
1895 – Grand Duchess Olga Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1918)
1896 – Gustaf Tenggren, Swedish illustrator (d. 1970)
1899 – Rezső Seress, Hungarian singer songwriter (d. 1968)
1899 – Gleb Wataghin, Ukrainian-born Italian physicist (d. 1986)
1900 – Adolf Dassler, German sporting goods executive (d. 1978)
1901 – Leopold III of Belgium (d. 1983)
1901 – André Malraux, French writer (d. 1976)
1903 – Walker Evans, American photographer (d. 1975)
1908 – Bronko Nagurski, American football player (d. 1990)
1909 – James Reston, American journalist (d. 1995)
1910 – Richard Hurndall, British actor (d. 1984)
1912 – Alfredo Stroessner, Paraguayan politician (d. 2006)
1915 – Hal Jackson, American radio personality
1918 – Bob Feller, American baseball player
1918 – Elizabeth P. Hoisington, American Brigadier General (d. 2007)
1918 – Russell B. Long, American politician (d. 2003)
1918 – Dean Riesner, American film and television writer (d. 2002)
1919 – Jesús Blasco, Spanish comic book author (d. 1995)
1920 – Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Australian writer (d. 1993)
1921 – Charles Bronson, American actor (d. 2003)
1923 – Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, Irish clergyman (d. 1990)
1923 – Yamaguchi Hitomi, Japanese novelist and essayst (d. 1995)
1924 – Samuel Ruiz García, Mexican Roman Catholic bishop
1926 – Valdas Adamkus, Lithuanian president
1926 – Maurice Couture, French-Canadian Roman Catholic archbishop
1928 – Osamu Tezuka, Japanese manga artist (d. 1989)
1928 – Goseki Kojima, Japanese manga artist (d. 2000)
1930 – D. James Kennedy, American theologian (d. 2007)
1930 – Peggy McCay, American actress
1930 – Brian Robinson, British cyclist
1930 – Tsutomu Seki, Japanese astronomer
1930 – Lois Smith, American actress
1930 – Frits Staal, Dutch-American scholar
1931 – Yon Hyong-muk, North Korean politician (d. 2005)
1931 – Monica Vitti, Italian actress
1931 – Michael Fu Tieshan, Chinese bishop (d. 2007)
1933 – Ken Berry, American actor
1933 – John Barry, English composer
1933 – Jeremy Brett, English actor (d. 1995)
1933 – Aneta Corsaut, American actress (d. 1995)
1933 – Michael Dukakis, American politician
1933 – Amartya Sen, Indian economist, Nobel Prize laureate
1934 – Ruma Guha Thakurta, Indian singer and actress
1936 – Roy Emerson, Australian tennis player
1938 – Takao Saito, Japanese mangaka
1938 – Martin Dunwoody, British mathematician
1938 – Akira Kobayashi, Japanese singer
1938 – Jean Rollin, French director and screenwriter
1941 – Brian Poole, English musician (The Tremeloes)
1943 – Bert Jansch, Scottish folk musician
1945 – Ken Holtzman, American baseball player and manager
1945 – Gerd Müller, German footballer
1945 – J. D. Souther, American country-rock singer
1946 – Tom Savini, American actor
1946 – Wataru Takeshita, Japanese politician
1947 – Mazie Hirono, American politician
1948 – Lulu, British actress and singer
1948 – Takashi Kawamura, Japanese politician
1948 – Helmut Koinigg, Austrian racing driver (d. 1974)
1948 – Rick Kreuger, American baseball player
1949 – Larry Holmes, American boxer
1949 – Anna Wintour, English-born American magazine editor
1949 – Mike Evans, American actor (d. 2006)
1950 – Joe Queenan, American writer
1950 – Massimo Mongai, Italian writer
1951 – Ed Murawinski, American cartoonist
1951 – Dwight Evans, American baseball player
1952 – Roseanne Barr, American actress and comedian
1952 – Jim Cummings, American voice actor
1952 – David Ho, Taiwanese-American AIDS researcher
1953 – Kate Capshaw, American actress
1953 – Helios Creed, American musician (Chrome)
1953 – Larry Herndon, American baseball player
1953 – Dennis Miller, American comedian
1954 – Adam Ant, English singer
1955 – Teresa De Sio, Italian singer-songwriter
1955 – Phil Simms, American football player
1956 – Kevin Murphy, American actor and puppeteer
1956 – Gary Ross, American film director
1957 – Dolph Lundgren, Swedish actor
1959 – Hal Hartley, American film director and writer
1960 – Karch Kiraly, American volleyball player
1962 – Jacqui Smith UK Member of Parliament and former Home Secretary
1963 – Ian Wright, English footballer
1963 – Shigeaki Hattori, Japanese racing driver
1964 – Paprika Steen, Danish actress
1967 – John Tomac, American cyclist
1967 – Steven Wilson, English musician (Porcupine Tree)
1967 – Mike O'Neill, Canadian hockey player
1968 – Paul Quantrill, Canadian baseball player
1969 – Robert Miles, Swiss record producer and musician
1969 – Tommy Tiernan, Irish comedian
1971 – Dylan Moran, Irish comedian
1971 – Diego Alessi, Italian race car driver
1971 – Dwight Yorke, Trinidad and Tabago Footballer
1973 – Kirk Jones, American musician
1973 – Nemone, athlete and broadcaster
1973 – Mick Thomson, American guitarist (Slipknot)
1974 – Tariq Abdul-Wahad, French basketball player
1974 – Sonali Kulkarni, Indian actress
1975 – Darren Sharper, American football player
1976 – Tōko Aoyama, Japanese voice actress
1976 – Guillermo Franco, naturalized Mexican footballer
1976 – Jake Shimabukuro, American ukulele player
1977 – Aria Giovanni, American model
1978 – Hiroko Sakai, Japanese softball player
1978 – Koshiro Take, Japanese jockey
1978 – Julia Taylor, European adult film actress
1979 – Beau McDonald, Australian footballer
1979 – Pablo Aimar, Argentine footballer
1979 – Tim McIlrath, American musician (Rise Against)
1982 – Evgeny Plushenko, Russian figure skater
1983 – Suzane von Richthofen, Brazilian murderess
1984 – Ryo Nishikido, Japanese idol (NEWS, Kanjani8)
1984 – Christian Bakkerud, Danish racing driver
1985 – Tyler Hansbrough, American Basketball player (North Carolina Tar Heels)
1986 – Heo Young Saeng, Korean singer (SS501)
1987 – Felix Schütz, German ice hockey player
1987 – Gemma Ward, Australian model
1987 – Colin Kaepernick, American football player
1987 – Elizabeth A. Smart, American kidnapping victim
1988 – Angus McLaren, Australian actor
1989 – Paula DeAnda, American singer
1990 – Ellyse Perry, Australian footballer and cricketer

Deaths

361 – Constantius II, Roman Emperor (b. 317)
753 – Pirminius, German saint (b. 753)
1254 – John III Doukas Vatatzes, Byzantine Emperor (b. 1193)
1428 – Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury, English military leader (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1388)
1580 – Jeronimo Zurita y Castro, Spanish historian (b. 1512)
1584 – Charles Borromeo, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1538)
1600 – Richard Hooker, English theologian (b. 1554)
1643 – John Bainbridge, English astronomer (b. 1582)
1643 – Paul Guldin, Swiss astronomer and mathematician (b. 1577)
1711 – John Ernest Grabe, German-born Anglican theologian (b. 1666)
1787 – Robert Lowth, British bishop and grammarian (b. 1710)
1793 – Olympe de Gouges, French feminist and revolutionary (b. 1748)
1794 – François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1715)
1869 – Andreas Kalvos, Greek poet (b. 1792)
1890 – Ulrich Ochsenbein, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1811)
1891 – Louis Lucien Bonaparte, French politician and linguist (b. 1813)
1917 – Léon Bloy, French novelist and essayist (b. 1846)
1918 – Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov, Russian scientist (b. 1857)
1926 – Annie Oakley, American sharp-shooter (b. 1860)
1927 – Karel Matěj Čapek-Chod, Czech journalist (b. 1860)
1929 – Olav Aukrust, Norwegian poet (b. 1883)
1933 – Emile Roux, French scientist (b. 1853)
1939 – Charles Tournemire, French composer and organist (b. 1870)
1949 – Solomon R. Guggenheim, American art collector and philanthropist (b. 1861)
1954 – Henri Matisse, French artist (b. 1869)
1957 – Wilhelm Reich, Austrian psychotherapist (b. 1897)
1957 – Laika, Soviet space dog and first mammal to orbit the Earth (b. 1954)
1960 – Paul Willis, American actor (b. 1901)
1964 – John Henry Barbee, American guitarist and singer (b. 1905)
1970 – Peter II of Yugoslavia (b. 1923)
1973 – Marc Allégret, French director and screenwriter (b. 1900)
1983 – Alfredo Antonini, American conductor and composer (b. 1901)
1984 – Richard Hurndall, British actor (b. 1910)
1990 – Mary Martin, American actress (b. 1913)
1991 – Mort Shuman, American singer and songwriter (b. 1936)
1993 – Leon Theremin, Russian inventor (b. 1895)
1994 – Alvin Andreas Herborg Nielsen, American Physicist (b. 1910)
1995 – Gordon S. Fahrni, physician and president of the Canadian Medical Association (b. 1887)
1995 – John Orchard, British actor (b. 1928)
1996 – Abdullah Çatlı, a Turkish nationalist and neofascist activist (b. 1956)
1996 – Jean-Bédel Bokassa, President of the Central African Republic (b. 1921)
1998 – Bob Kane, comic artist and Batman co-creator (b. 1915)
1999 – Ian Bannen, Scottish actor (b. 1928)
2001 – Ernst Gombrich, Austrian art historian (b. 1909)
2002 – Lonnie Donegan, Scottish musician (b. 1931)
2002 – Jonathan Harris, American actor (b. 1914)
2003 – Rasul Gamzatov, Russian poet (b. 1923)
2004 – Sergei Zholtok, Latvian hockey player (b. 1972)
2006 – Paul Mauriat, French musician (b. 1925)
2006 – Alberto Spencer, Ecuadorean footballer (b. 1937)
2006 – Marie Rudisill, American author and "Fruitcake Lady" (b. 1911)
2007 – Martin Meehan, Irish republican (b. 1945)
2007 – Aleksandr Dedyushko (b. 1962)
2007 – Ryan Shay, American runner (b. 1979)
2009 – Francisco Ayala, Spanish novelist (b. 1906)

Holidays and observances

Independence Day in Panama (1903, from Colombia), Dominica (1978, from Britain) and Federated States of Micronesia (1986, from United States)
Japan – Culture Day (originally celebrated as Emperor's Birthday until the Meiji Emperor's death in 1912)
Christian feast days:
Acepsimas of Hnaita and companions
St. Germanus
St. Hubert
St. Malachy O' More
St. Martin de Porres
St. Winifred

 

[historylover]

November 4

Events

1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.
1429 – Joan of Arc liberates Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier.
1501 – Catherine of Aragon (later Henry VIII's first wife) meets Arthur Tudor, Henry VIII's older brother – they would later marry.
1576 – Eighty Years' War: In Flanders, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city is nearly destroyed).
1677 – The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later jointly reign as William and Mary.
1737 – The Teatro di San Carlo is inaugurated.
1783 – W.A. Mozart's Symphony No. 36 receives its première performance in Linz, Austria.
1791 – The Western Confederacy of American Indians wins a major victory over the United States in the Battle of the Wabash.
1825 – The Erie Canal is completed with Governor DeWitt Clinton performing the Wedding of The Waters ceremony in New York Harbour.
1834 – The Delta Upsilon Fraternity is established at Williams College Massachusetts.
1839 – The Newport Rising: the last large-scale armed rebellion against authority in mainland Britain.
1852 – Count Camillo Benso di Cavour becomes the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expands to become Italy.
1861 – The University of Washington opens in Seattle, Washington as the Territorial University.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville – Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material.
1889 – Menelek of Shoa obtains the allegiance of a large majority of the Ethiopian nobility, paving the way for him to be crowned emperor.
1890 – City & South London Railway: London's first deep-level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.
1918 – World War I: Austria-Hungary surrenders to Italy.
1918 – The German Revolution begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.
1921 – The Sturmabteilung or SA is formed by Adolf Hitler
1921 – Japanese Prime Minister Hara Takashi is assassinated in Tokyo.
1921 – The Italian unknown soldier is buried in the Altare della Patria (Fatherland Altar) in Rome.
1922 – In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to King Tutankhamun's tomb in the Valley of the Kings.
1924 – Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming is elected the first female governor in the United States.
1939 – World War II: U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents.
1942 – World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein – Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat.
1944 – World War II: Bitola Liberation Day
1952 – The United States government establishes the National Security Agency.
1955 – After being totally destroyed in World War II, the rebuilt Vienna State Opera reopens with a performance of Beethoven's Fidelio.
1956 – Soviet troops enter Hungary to end the Hungarian revolution against the Soviet Union, that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded, and nearly a quarter million leave the country.
1962 – In a test of the Nike-Hercules air defense missile, Shot Dominic-Tightrope is successfully detonated 69,000 feet above Johnston Island. It would also be the last atmospheric nuclear test conducted by the United States.
1966 – Two-thirds of Florence, Italy is submerged as the River Arno floods; together with the contemporaneous flood of the Po River in northern Italy, this leads to 113 deaths, 30,000 made homeless, and the destruction of numerous Renaissance artworks and books.
1970 – Vietnam War: Vietnamization – The United States turns control of the Binh Thuy Air Base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam.
1970 – Genie, a 13-year-old feral child is found in Los Angeles, California having been locked in her bedroom for most of her life.
1973 – The Netherlands experiences the first Car Free Sunday caused by the 1973 oil crisis. Highways are deserted and are used only by cyclists and roller skaters.
1979 – Iran hostage crisis begins: a group of Iranians, mostly students, invades the US embassy in Tehran and takes 90 hostages (53 of whom are American).
1984 – Dell Computers is founded as PC's Limited.
1986 – Chief Justice Rose Bird and two colleagues are removed by the electorate from the Supreme Court of California for their opposition to capital punishment.
1989 – The congress of the Solidarity Party is inaugurated in Sweden. The congress decides, contrary to the proposal of the central committee, not to disband the party.
1993 – A China Airlines Boeing 747 overruns Runway 13 at Hong Kong's Kai Tak International Airport while landing during a typhoon, injuring 22 people.
1994 – San Francisco: First conference that focuses exclusively on the subject of the commercial potential of the World Wide Web.
1995 – Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin is assassinated by an extremist Orthodox Israeli.
2002 – Chinese authorities arrest cyber-dissident He Depu for signing a pro-democracy letter to the 16th Communist Party Congress.
2008 – Barack Obama becomes the first African-American to be elected President of the United States.

Births

1448 – King Alphonso II of Naples (d. 1495)
1470 – King Edward V of England, one of the two princes in the Tower (d. 1483)
1575 – Guido Reni, Italian painter (d. 1642)
1631 – Mary of Orange, eldest daughter of Charles I of England and mother of William III of England (d. 1660)
1661 – Karl III Philip, Elector Palatine (d. 1742)
1740 – Augustus Montague Toplady, English author of hymn "Rock of Ages" (d. 1778)
1765 – Pierre Girard, French mathematician (d. 1836)
1809 – Benjamin Robbins Curtis, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1874)
1816 – Stephen Johnson Field, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1899)
1836 – Henry J. Lutcher, American businessman (d. 1912)
1845 – Vasudeo Balwant Phadke, Indian revolutionary (d. 1883)
1868 – Carolina Otero, a.k.a La Belle Otero, Spanish actress, singer and courtesan (d. 1965)
1874 – Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak, Russian military commander (d. 1920)
1879 – Will Rogers, American humorist (d. 1935)
1883 – Nikolaos Plastiras, Greek general (d. 1953)
1884 – Harry Ferguson, British aviator and inventor (d. 1960)
1890 – Alfred Henschke, ps. Klabund, German writer and poet (d. 1928)
1896 – Carlos P. Garcia, 8th President of the Philippines (d. 1971)
1899 – Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgish cyclist (d. 1985)
1900 – Lucreţiu Pătrăşcanu, Romanian communist activist and sociologist (d. 1954)
1901 – Princess Bang-ja of Korea (d. 1989)
1901 – Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist (d. 1974)
1904 – Tadeusz Żyliński, Polish technician and textilist (d. 1967)
1907 – Draga Matkovic, German concert pianist
1908 – Józef Rotblat, Polish physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 2005)
1908 – Stanley Cortez, American cinematographer (d. 1997)
1909 – Skeeter Webb, American baseball player (d. 1986)
1909 – Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (d. 1974)
1909 – Evelyn Johnson, American aviator
1912 – Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (d. 1978)
1913 – Gig Young, American actor (d. 1978)
1916 – Walter Cronkite, American news broadcaster (d. 2009)
1916 – Ruth Handler, American businesswoman and inventor of the Barbie doll (d. 2002)
1918 – Art Carney, American actor (d. 2003)
1918 – Cameron Mitchell, American actor (d. 1994)
1919 – Martin Balsam, American actor (d. 1996)
1922 – Benno Besson, Swiss actor (d. 2006)
1923 – Freddy Heineken, Dutch businessman (d. 2002)
1923 – Howie Meeker, Canadian ice hockey player and politician
1928 – Hannah Weiner American experimental poet
1929 – Shaike Ophir, Israeli actor (d. 1987)
1930 – Doris Roberts, American actress
1930 – Dick Groat, American baseball player
1930 – John Hahn-Petersen, danish actor (d. 2006)
1932 – Thomas Klestil, President of Austria (d. 2004)
1933 – Tito Francona, American baseball player
1936 – C. K. Williams, American poet
1937 – Loretta Swit, American actress
1937 – Michael Wilson, Canadian politician
1939 – Shakuntala Devi, Indian calculating prodigy
1940 – Delbert McClinton, American musician
1943 – Marlène Jobert, French actress
1943 – Clark Graebner, American tennis player
1943 – Bob Wollek, French race car driver (d. 2001)
1944 – Scherrie Payne, American singer (The Supremes)
1944 – Linda Gary, American voice actress (d. 1995)
1946 – Laura Bush, former First Lady of the United States
1946 – Frederick Elmes, American cinematographer
1946 – Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (d. 1989)
1950 – Charles Frazier, American author
1950 – Markie Post, American actress
1951 – Traian Băsescu, President of Romania
1951 – Cosey Fanni Tutti, English performance artist (Throbbing Gristle, Chris and Cosey)
1953 – Richie Green, Canadian actor
1953 – Carlos Gutierrez, American politician
1953 – Jacques Villeneuve, Canadian racing driver
1953 – Dr. Marvel Williamson, American educator
1954 – Chris Difford, English musician and songwriter (Squeeze)
1955 – Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland
1956 – Jordan Rudess, American musician (Dream Theater)
1956 – James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist (The Pretenders) (d. 1982)
1958 – Anne Sweeney, American television executive
1960 – Marc Awodey, American artist and writer
1960 – Frl. Menke, German pop singer of the Neue Deutsche Welle
1960 – Kathy Griffin, American comedian
1961 – Daron Hagen, American composer
1961 – Edward Knight, American composer
1961 – Ralph Macchio, American actor
1961 – Les Sampou, American musician
1961 – Nigel Worthington, Northern Irish footballer
1962 – Jeff Probst, American television host
1963 – Marc Déry, Canadian singer and guitarist (Zébulon)
1963 – Rosario Flores, Spanish singer and actress
1963 – Michel Therrien, Canadian ice hockey coach
1963 – Lena Zavaroni, Scottish artist and singer (d. 1999)
1965 – Malandra Burrows, English actress and singer
1965 – Pata, Japanese musician
1965 – Jeff Scott Soto, American musician (Yngwie Malmsteen, Journey)
1965 – Wayne Static, American musician (Static-X)
1966 – H. John Heinz IV, American medieval armor craftsman; son of Teresa Heinz
1967 – Eric Karros, American baseball player
1968 – Carlos Baerga, Puerto Rican baseball player
1969 – Sean "Diddy" Combs, American record producer and rapper
1969 – Matthew McConaughey, American actor
1970 – Malena Ernman, Swedish Opera singer
1970 – Tim DeBoom, American triathlete
1972 – Luís Figo, Portuguese footballer
1972 – Tabassum Hashmi, Indian actress
1974 – Cedric Bixler-Zavala, American musician (At the Drive-In, The Mars Volta)
1975 – Éric Fichaud, Canadian ice hockey player
1975 – Eduard Kokcharov, Russian handball player
1975 – Curtis Stone, Australian chef and television personality
1975 – Heather Tom, American actress
1976 – Bruno Junqueira, Brazilian racing driver
1976 – Mario Melchiot, Dutch footballer
1977 – Larry Bigbie, American baseball player
1977 – So Ji-sub, South Korean swimmer, model and actor
1977 – Tonicha Jeronimo, British actress
1978 – Carmen Cali, American baseball player
1978 – John Grabow, American baseball player
1978 – Danny Salomon, American actor
1979 – Jesse Camp, American VJ
1979 – Trishelle Cannatella, American reality tv castmember and model
1979 – Audrey Hollander, American pornographic actress
1980 – Sabrina Colie, Jamaican actress
1980 – Jerry Collins, New Zealand rugby union footballer
1980 – Richard Owens, American football player
1980 – Marcy Rylan, American actress
1981 – Vince Wilfork, American football player
1982 – Devin Hester, American football player
1986 – Alexz Johnson, Canadian singer and actress
1986 – Adrian Zaugg, South African racing driver
1987 – T.O.P, Korean rapper (Big Bang)

Deaths

1411 – Khalil Sultan, ruler of Transoxonia (b. 1384)
1652 – Jean-Charles de la Faille, Flemish mathematician (b. 1597)
1658 – Antoine Le Maistre, French Jansenist (b. 1608)
1669 – Johannes Cocceius, Dutch theologian (b. 1603)
1698 – Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician and mathematician (b. 1625)
1702 – John Benbow, English admiral (b. 1653)
1704 – Andreas Acoluthus, German orientalist (b. 1654)
1781 – Johann Nikolaus Götz, German poet (b. 1721)
1801 – William Shippen, American physician and delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1712)
1847 – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (b. 1809)
1856 – Hippolyte Delaroche, French painter (b. 1797)
1893 – Pierre Tirard, French politician (b. 1827)
1906 – John H. Ketcham, American politician (b. 1832)
1918 – Wilfred Owen, English poet (b. 1893)
1924 – Gabriel Fauré, French composer (b. 1845)
1924 – Richard Conner, American Civil War Medal of Honor Recipient (b. 1843)
1928 – Arnold Rothstein, American gambler (b. 1882)
1930 – Buddy Bolden, American musician (b. 1877)
1931 – Luigi Galleani, Italian anarchist (b. 1861)
1950 – Grover Cleveland Alexander, American baseball player (b. 1887)
1955 – Cy Young, American baseball player (b. 1867)
1957 – Shoghi Effendi, Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith (b. 1897)
1968 – Michel Kikoine, Belarusian painter (b. 1892)
1969 – Carlos Marighella, Brazilian politician (b. 1911)
1974 – Bert Patenaude, American soccer player (b. 1909)
1975 – Izzat Husrieh, Syrian Journalist, author, and publisher (b. 1914)
1980 – Elsie MacGill, Canadian aeronautical engineer (b. 1905)
1982 – Dominique Dunne, American actress (b. 1959)
1986 – Kurt Hirsch, German mathematician (b. 1906)
1992 – George Klein, Canadian inventor (b. 1904)
1994 – Fred "Sonic" Smith, American guitar player MC5 (b. 1949)
1995 – Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli prime minister; recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1922)
1995 – Eddie Egan, actor in The French Connection, New York detective (b. 1930)
1995 – Gilles Deleuze, French philosopher (b. 1925)
1997 – H. Richard Hornberger, American writer (b. 1924)
1999 – Malcolm Marshall, Barbadian West Indies cricketer (b. 1958)
2003 – Richard Wollheim, British philosopher (b. 1923)
2003 – Ken Gampu, South African actor (b. 1929)
2003 – Charles Causley, Cornish writer and poet (b. 1917)
2005 – Nadia Anjuman, Afghan poet and journalist (b. 1980)
2005 – Sheree North, American actress and singer (b. 1932)
2006 – Ernestine Gilbreth Carey, American memoirist (Cheaper by the Dozen) (b. 1908)
2006 – Frank Arthur Calder, Canadian politician and Nisga'a Statesman (b. 1915)
2007 – Peter Viertel, German-American author and screenwriter (b. 1920)
2008 – Michael Crichton, American author (b. 1942)
2008 – Juan Camilo Mouriño, Mexican Secretary of the Interior (b. 1971)

Holidays and observances

Bahá'í Faith – Feast of Qudrat (Power), first day of the 13th month of the Bahá'í calendar
Egypt- Day of Love
Italy – Victory Day (celebration of victory in World War I), National Unity Day, Armed Forces Day
Panama – Flag Day
Roman Catholic Saints – Feast day of the following Roman Catholic saints:
St. Charles Borromeo
St. Emeric
St. Vitalis
Roman festivals – start of the Ludi Plebeii
Russia – Day of People's Unity (or National Unity Day)
Russian Orthodox Church – Feast of Our Lady of Kazan

 

[historylover]

November 5

Events

1499 – Publication of the Catholicon in Tréguier (Brittany). This Breton-French-Latin dictionary was written in 1464 by Jehan Lagadeuc. It is the first Breton dictionary as well as the first French dictionary.
1530 – The St. Felix's Flood destroys the city of Reimerswaal in the Netherlands.
1605 – Gunpowder Plot: A conspiracy led by Robert Catesby to blow up the English Houses of Parliament is thwarted when Sir Thomas Knyvet, a justice of the peace, finds Guy Fawkes in a cellar below the House of Lords.
1688 – Glorious Revolution begins: William of Orange lands at Brixham.
1743 – Coordinated scientific observations of the transit of Mercury are organized by Joseph-Nicolas Delisle.
1757 – Seven Years' War: Frederick the Great defeats the allied armies of France and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Rossbach.
1768 – Treaty of Fort Stanwix, the purpose of which is to adjust the boundary line between Indian lands and white settlements set forth in the Proclamation of 1763 in the Thirteen Colonies.
1780 – French-American forces under Colonel LaBalme are defeated by Miami Chief Little Turtle.
1831 – Nat Turner, American slave leader, is tried, convicted, and sentenced to death in Virginia.
1838 – The Federal Republic of Central America begins to disintegrate when Nicaragua separates from the federation.
1854 – Crimean War: The Battle of Inkerman.
1862 – American Civil War: Abraham Lincoln removes George B. McClellan as commander of the Union Army for the second and final time.
1862 – Indian Wars: In Minnesota, 303 Dakota warriors are found guilty of rape and murder of whites and are sentenced to hang. 38 are ultimately executed and the others reprieved.
1872 – Women's suffrage: In defiance of the law, suffragist Susan B. Anthony votes for the first time, and is later fined $100.
1895 – George B. Selden is granted the first U.S. patent for an automobile.
1911 – After declaring war on the Ottoman Empire on September 29, 1911, Italy annexes Tripoli and Cyrenaica.
1913 – King Otto of Bavaria is deposed by his cousin, Prince Regent Ludwig, who assumes the title Ludwig III.
1916 – The Kingdom of Poland is proclaimed by the Act of November 5th of the emperors of Germany and Austria-Hungary.
1916 – The Everett Massacre takes place in Everett, Washington as political differences lead to a shoot-out between the Industrial Workers of the World organizers and local police.
1917 – October Revolution: In Tallinn, Estonia, Communist leader Jaan Anwelt leads revolutionaries in overthrowing the Provisional Government (As Estonia and Russia are still using the Julian Calendar, subsequent period references show an October 23 date).
1917 – St. Tikhon of Moscow is elected the Patriarch of Moscow and of the Russian Orthodox Church.
1937 – World War II: Adolf Hitler holds a secret meeting and states his plans for acquiring "living space" for the German people.
1940 – Franklin D. Roosevelt is elected to a third term as President of the United States.
1942 – The Second Battle of El Alamein is won by the British in El Alamein, Egypt.
1945 – Colombia joins the United Nations.
1967 – The Hither Green rail crash in the United Kingdom kills 49 people. The survivors include Robin Gibb of the Bee Gees.
1968 – United States presidential election, 1968: Republican Richard Nixon wins the American presidency, in what turned out to be a decades-long realignment election.
1970 – Vietnam War: The United States Military Assistance Command in Vietnam reports the lowest weekly American soldier death toll in five years (24).
1983 – Byford Dolphin diving bell accident kills five and leaves one severely injured.
1986 – USS Rentz, USS Reeves and USS Oldendorf visit Qingdao (Tsing Tao) China — the first US Naval visit to China since 1949.
1987 – Govan Mbeki is released from custody after serving 24 years of a life sentence for terrorism and treason.
1990 – Rabbi Meir Kahane, founder of the far-right Kach movement, is shot dead after a speech at a New York City hotel.
1995 – André Dallaire attempts to assassinate Prime Minister Jean Chrétien of Canada. He is thwarted when the Prime Minister's wife locks the door.
1996 – President of Pakistan Farooq Ahmed Khan Leghari dismisses the government of Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and dissolves the National Assembly of Pakistan.
2006 – Saddam Hussein, former president of Iraq, and his co-defendants Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti and Awad Hamed al-Bandar are sentenced to death in the al-Dujail trial for the role in the massacre of the 148 Shi'as in 1982.
2007 – China's first lunar satellite, Chang'e 1 goes into orbit around the Moon.

Births

1271 – Mahmud Ghazan, Mongol ruler (d. 1304)
1494 – Hans Sachs, German mastersinger (d. 1576)
1549 – Philippe de Mornay, French writer (d. 1623)
1592 – Charles Chauncy, English-born president of Harvard College (d. 1672)
1613 – Isaac de Benserade, French poet (d. 1691)
1615 – Ibrahim I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1648)
1667 – Christoph Ludwig Agricola, German painter (d. 1719)
1701 – Pietro Longhi, Venetian painter (d. 1785)
1715 – John Brown, English writer (d. 1766)
1722 – William Byron, 5th Baron Byron, English duelist (d. 1798)
1742 – Richard Cosway, English artist (d. 1821)
1818 – Benjamin Franklin Butler, 33rd Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1893)
1835 – Moritz Szeps, Austrian journalist (d. 1902)
1846 – Duncan Gordon Boyes, English recipient of the Victoria Cross (d. 1869)
1850 – Ella Wheeler Wilcox, American author and poet (d. 1919)
1851 – Charles Dupuy, French prime minister (d. 1923)
1854 – Paul Sabatier, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1941)
1854 – Alphonse Desjardins, founder of the Caisses populaires Desjardins (d. 1920)
1855 – Léon Teisserenc de Bort, French meteorologist (d. 1913)
1855 – Eugene V. Debs, American socialist leader (d. 1926)
1857 – Ida Tarbell, American journalist (d. 1944)
1873 – Edwin Flack, Australian athlete, double Olympic gold medallist in 1896. (d. 1935)
1881 – George A. Malcolm, American jurist & educator (d. 1961)
1884 – James Flecker, English writer (d. 1915)
1885 – Will Durant, American historian (d. 1981)
1887 – Paul Wittgenstein, Austrian-born pianist (d. 1961)
1890 – Jan Zrzavý, Czech painter (d. 1977)
1892 – J. B. S. Haldane, Scottish geneticist (d. 1964)
1895 – Walter Gieseking, French pianist (d. 1956)
1895 – Charles MacArthur, American author (d. 1956)
1900 – Martin Dies, Jr., American politician (d. 1972)
1900 – Natalie Schafer, American actress (d. 1991)
1904 – Cooney Weiland, Canadian hockey player (d. 1985)
1905 – Joel McCrea, American actor (d. 1990)
1906 – Fred Lawrence Whipple, American astronomer (d. 2004)
1906 – Endre Kabos, Hungarian Olympic champion fencer (d. 1944)
1911 – Roy Rogers, American actor (d. 1998)
1911 – Baby Marie Osborne, American actress
1913 – Vivien Leigh, English actress (d. 1967)
1914 – Alton Tobey, American artist (d. 2005)
1917 – Jacqueline Auriol, French aviatrix (d. 2000)
1917 – Banarsi Das Gupta, Indian former Chief Minister of Haryana (d. 2007)
1919 – Hasan Askari, Pakistani philosopher (d. 1978)
1919 – Myron Floren, American accordianist The Lawrence Welk Show (d. 2005)
1920 – Douglass North, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
1921 – Georges Cziffra, Hungarian pianist (d. 1994)
1921 – Fawzia of Egypt, Queen of Iran
1922 – Violet Barclay, American illustrator
1922 – Cecil Underwood, American politician (d. 2008)
1931 – Ike Turner, American musician (d. 2007)
1934 – Victor Argo, American actor (d. 2004)
1935 – Lester Piggott, British jockey
1935 – Christopher Wood, English screenwriter and novellist
1936 – Michael Dertouzos, Greek internet pioneer, Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Director of the M.I.T. Laboratory for Computer Science (d. 2001)
1937 – Chan Sek Keong, Chief Justice of Singapore
1937 – Harris Yulin, American actor
1938 – Joe Dassin, French-speaking American singer (d. 1980)
1938 – César Luis Menotti, Argentine footballer
1938 – Jim Steranko, American graphic artist, comic book writer-artist-historian, publisher, and film production illustrator
1940 – Elke Sommer, German actress
1940 – Ted Kulongoski, American politician, governor of Oregon
1941 – Art Garfunkel, American musician
1942 – Pierangelo Bertoli, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 2002)
1943 – Friedman Paul Erhardt (Chef Tell), German-born American TV chef (d. 2007)
1943 – Sam Shepard, American playwright and actor
1945 – Peter Pace, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
1945 – Aleka Papariga, Greek politician
1946 – Herman Brood, Dutch musician and artist (d. 2001)
1946 – Gram Parsons, American musician (d. 1973)
1947 – Quint Davis, American festival producer
1947 – Peter Noone, English musician (Herman's Hermits)
1948 – Peter Hammill, British musician (Van der Graaf Generator)
1948 – Hridayananda dasa Goswami, ISKCON guru
1948 – Bernard-Henri Lévy, French public intellectual
1948 – William Daniel Phillips, American physicist, Nobel laureate
1948 – Bob Barr, American politician
1949 – Armin Shimerman, American actor
1949 – Jimmie Spheeris, American singer-songwriter (d. 1984)
1950 – Thorbjørn Jagland, former Norwegian prime minister
1952 – Bill Walton, American basketball player and commentator
1952 – Oleg Blokhin, Ukrainian footballer
1952 – Vandana Shiva, Indian physicist
1953 – Florentino V. Floro, Filipino dwarf judge
1953 – Joyce Maynard, American writer
1955 – Karan Thapar, Foremost Indian Journalist, Political Analyst & Commentator
1955 – Bernard Chazelle, French computer scientist
1955 – Nestor Serrano, American actor
1957 – Jon-Erik Hexum, American actor (d. 1984)
1958 – Don Falcone, American musician and producer
1958 – Robert Patrick, American actor
1959 – Bryan Adams, Canadian musician
1960 – Tilda Swinton, English actress
1961 – Gina Mastrogiacomo, American actress (d. 2001)
1961 – David Bryson, American guitarist and vocalist (Counting Crows)
1962 – Abédi Pelé, Ghanaian footballer
1962 – Marcus J. Ranum, American computer/network security innovator
1963 – Andrea McArdle, American actress
1963 – Tatum O'Neal, American actress
1963 – Brian Wheat, American musician (Tesla)
1965 – Famke Janssen, Dutch model and actress
1965 – Kubrat, Prince of Panagiurishte, titular Bulgarian royal family
1966 – Georgia Apostolou, Greek actress
1966 – Nayim, Spanish footballer
1967 – Marcelo D2, Brazilian rapper
1967 – Judy Reyes, Dominican American actress
1968 – Sam Rockwell, American film actor
1968 – Aitana Sánchez-Gijón, Spanish actress
1970 – Javy López, baseball player
1970 – Tamzin Outhwaite, English actress
1971 – Dana Jacobson, ESPN's First Take hostess
1971 – Rob Jones, English footballer
1971 – Corin Nemec, American actor
1971 – Jonny Greenwood, guitarist (Radiohead)
1971 – Sergei Berezin, National Hockey League player
1971 – Edmond Leung, Hong Kong singer
1973 – Johnny Damon, American baseball player
1973 – Alexei Yashin, Russian ice hockey player
1973 – Daniella Westbrook, English actress
1974 – Angela Gossow, German vocalist (Arch Enemy)
1974 – Dado Pršo, Croatian footballer
1974 – Jerry Stackhouse, American basketball player
1974 – Ryan Adams, American musician
1975 – Lisa Scott-Lee, Welsh singer-songwriter
1976 – Jeff Klein, American musician
1977 – Brittney Skye, American pornographic actress
1977 – Richard Wright, English footballer
1979 – Michalis Hatzigiannis, Greek/Cypriot songwriter and singer
1980 – Christoph Metzelder, German footballer
1980 – Jaime Camara, Brazilian racing driver
1980 – Eva González, Spanish model and beauty queen
1981 – Paul Chapman, Australian footballer
1983 – Mike Hanke, German footballer
1983 – Andrew Hayden-Smith, British TV presenter and actor
1983 – Alexa Chung, British TV presenter and former fashion model
1984 – Nick Folk, American football player
1984 – Tobias Enström, Swedish hockey player
1984 – Nikolai Zherdev, Ukranian-Russian hockey player
1985 – Kate DeAraugo, Australian singer (Young Divas)
1985 – Koki Tanaka, Japanese rapper (KAT-TUN)
1986 – BoA, Korean singer
1986 – Kasper Schmeichel, Danish footballer
1987 – Paul Kevin Jonas II, American guitarist (Jonas Brothers)
1988 – Virat Kohli, Indian cricketer

Deaths

1370 – Casimir III the Great king of Poland (b. 1310)
1515 – Mariotto Albertinelli, Italian painter (b. 1474)
1559 – Kano Motonobu, Japanese painter (b. 1476)
1660 – Lucy Hay, Countess of Carlisle, English socialite (b. 1599)
1660 – Alexandre de Rhodes, French Jesuit missionary (b. 1591)
1701 – Charles Gerard, 2nd Earl of Macclesfield, French-born English politician (b. c.1659)
1714 – Bernardino Ramazzini, Italian physician (b. 1633)
1752 – Carl Andreas Duker, German classical scholar (b. 1670)
1758 – Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (b. 1686)
1828 – Maria Fyodorovna of Russia, second wife of Tsar Paul I of Russia (b. 1759)
1836 – Karel Hynek Mácha, Czech poet (b. 1810)
1879 – James Clerk Maxwell, Scottish physicist (b. 1831)
1923 – Jacques d'Adelswärd-Fersen, French novelist (b. 1880)
1930 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician and pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1858)
1933 – Texas Guinan, American saloon keeper, actress, and musician (b. 1884)
1941 – Arndt Pekurinen, Finnish pacifist (b. 1905)
1942 – George M. Cohan, American musician, actor, writer, and composer (b. 1878)
1944 – Alexis Carrel, French surgeon and biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1873)
1951 – Reggie Walker, South African athlete (b. 1889)
1955 – Maurice Utrillo, French artist (b. 1883)
1956 – Art Tatum, American musician (b. 1909)
1960 – Ward Bond, American actor (b. 1903)
1960 – Johnny Horton, country music singer (b. 1925)
1960 – Mack Sennett, Canadian producer and director (b. 1880)
1964 – Lansdale Sasscer, U.S. Congressman for Maryland's 5th District (b. 1893)
1964 – Buddy Cole, American jazz pianist and orchestra leader (b. 1916)
1971 – Sam Jones, baseball player (b. 1925)
1974 – Stafford Repp, American actor (b. 1918)
1975 – Edward Lawrie Tatum, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1909)
1975 – Annette Kellerman, Australian swimmer (b. 1887)
1975 – Lionel Trilling, American critic and writer (b. 1905)
1977 – René Goscinny, French comic book writer (b. 1926)
1977 – Guy Lombardo, Canadian conductor (b. 1902)
1979 – Al Capp, American cartoonist (b. 1909)
1982 – Edward Hallett Carr, historian (b. 1892)
1982 – Jacques Tati, French actor and director (b. 1908)
1985 – Spencer W. Kimball, twelfth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1895)
1985 – Arnold Chikobava, Georgian linguist (b. 1898)
1986 – Claude Jutra, Québécois actor and film director (b. 1930)
1986 – Bobby Nunn, American singer (The Coasters) (b. 1925)
1987 – Eamonn Andrews, Television Presenter (b. 1922)
1989 – Vladimir Horowitz, Russian pianist (b. 1903)
1991 – Fred MacMurray, American actor (b. 1908)
1991 – Robert Maxwell, Slovakian-born media entrepreneur (b. 1923)
1992 – Arpad Elo, American physicist and chess player (b. 1903)
1996 – Eddie Harris, American saxophonist (b. 1934)
1997 – James Robert Baker, American novelist, screenwriter (b. 1946)
1997 – Isaiah Berlin, Latvian-born historian of ideas (b. 1909)
1997 – Epic Soundtracks, English musician (Swell Maps, Crime and the City Solution, These Immortal Souls) (b. 1959)
2000 – Victor Grinich, American businessman (b. 1924)
2000 – Bibi Titi Mohammed, Tanzanian politician (b. 1926)
2000 – Jimmie Davis, singer and politician (b. 1899)
2001 – Roy Boulting, English film director and producer (b. 1913)
2001 – Milton William Cooper, American writer, shortwave broadcaster (b. 1943)
2001 – Barry Horne, a British animal liberation activist. (b. 1952)
2002 – Billy Guy, American singer (The Coasters) (b. 1936)
2003 – Bobby Hatfield, American singer (Righteous Brothers) (b. 1940)
2005 – Rod Donald, New Zealand environmentalist (b. 1957)
2005 – John Fowles, English writer (b. 1926)
2005 – Virginia MacWatters, American soprano (b. 1912)
2006 – Bülent Ecevit, four term Turkish Prime Minister and poet (b. 1925)
2007 – Nils Liedholm, Swedish football midfielder and coach (b. 1922)

Holidays and observances

United Kingdom, New Zealand and the province of Newfoundland & Labrador (Canada): Guy Fawkes Night (also called Bonfire night; or Fireworks night): Failure of the Gunpowder Plot to blow up Parliament in 1605 is celebrated with bonfires, fireworks and burning of effigies.
R.C. Saints: November 5 is the feast day of the following Roman Catholic Saints:
St. Domninus
St. Galation
St. Magnus
Pope Zachary

 

[historylover]

November 6

Events

355 – Roman Emperor Constantius II promotes his cousin Julian to the rank of Caesar, entrusting him with the government of the Prefecture of the Gauls.
1528 – Shipwrecked Spanish conquistador Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca becomes the first known European to set foot in Texas.
1789 – Pope Pius VI appoints Father John Carroll as the first Catholic bishop in the United States.
1844 – The first constitution of the Dominican Republic is adopted.
1856 – Scenes of Clerical Life, the first work of fiction by the author later known as George Eliot, is submitted for publication.
1861 – American Civil War: Jefferson Davis is elected president of the Confederate States of America.
1865 – American Civil War: CSS Shenandoah is the last Confederate combat unit to surrender after circumnavigating the globe on a cruise on which it sank or captured 37 vessels.
1869 – In New Brunswick, New Jersey, Rutgers College defeats Princeton University (then known as the College of New Jersey), 6-4, in the first official intercollegiate American football game.
1913 – Mohandas Gandhi is arrested while leading a march of Indian miners in South Africa.
1917 – World War I: Third Battle of Ypres ends: After three months of fierce fighting, Canadian forces take Passchendaele in Belgium.
1918 – The Second Polish Republic is proclaimed in Poland.
1925 – Secret agent Sidney Reilly is executed by the OGPU, the secret police of the Soviet Union.
1928 – Sweden begins a tradition of eating Gustavus Adolphus pastries to commemorate the king.
1934 – Memphis, Tennessee becomes the first major city to join the Tennessee Valley Authority.
1935 – Edwin Armstrong presents his paper "A Method of Reducing Disturbances in Radio Signaling by a System of Frequency Modulation" to the New York section of the Institute of Radio Engineers.
1935 – First flight of the Hawker Hurricane.
1939 – World War II: Sonderaktion Krakau takes place.
1941 – World War II: Soviet leader Joseph Stalin addresses the Soviet Union for only the second time during his three-decade rule. He states that even though 350,000 troops were killed in German attacks so far, the Germans had lost 4.5 million soldiers and that Soviet victory was near.
1942 – World War II: Carlson's patrol during the Guadalcanal Campaign begins.
1943 – World War II: the Soviet Red Army recaptures Kiev. Before withdrawing, the Germans destroy most of the city's ancient buildings.
1944 – Plutonium is first produced at the Hanford Atomic Facility and subsequently used in the Fat Man atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan.
1947 – Meet the Press makes its television debut (the show went to a weekly schedule on September 12, 1948).
1962 – Apartheid: The United Nations General Assembly passes a resolution condemning South Africa's racist apartheid policies and calls for all UN member states to cease military and economic relations with the nation.
1963 – Vietnam War: Following the November 1 coup and execution of President Ngo Dinh Diem, coup leader General Duong Van Minh takes over leadership of South Vietnam.
1965 – Cuba and the United States formally agree to begin an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States. By 1971, 250,000 Cubans made use of this program.
1971 – The United States Atomic Energy Commission tests the largest U.S. underground hydrogen bomb, code-named Cannikin, on Amchitka Island in the Aleutians.
1975 – Green March begins: 300,000 unarmed Moroccans converge on the southern city of Tarfaya and wait for a signal from King Hassan II of Morocco to cross into Western Sahara.
1977 – The Kelly Barnes Dam, located above Toccoa Falls Bible College near Toccoa, Georgia, fails, killing 39.
1985 – In Colombia, leftist guerrillas of the April 19 Movement seize control of the Palace of Justice in Bogotá, eventually killing 115 people, 11 of them Supreme Court justices.
1985 – The Iran-Contra Affair: The American press reveals that U.S. President Ronald Reagan had authorized the shipment of arms to Iran.
1986 – Sumburgh disaster – A British International Helicopters Boeing 234LR Chinook crashes 2.5 miles east of Sumburgh Airport killing 45 people. It is the deadliest civilian helicopter crash on record.
1999 – Australians vote to keep the Head of the Commonwealth as their head of state in the Australian republic referendum.
2002 – 12 people are killed in a fire on board a train bound for Vienna from Paris.
2004 – An express train collides with a stationary carriage near the village of Ufton Nervet, England, killing 7 and injuring 150.
2005 – The Evansville Tornado of November 2005 kills 25 in Northwestern Kentucky and Southwestern Indiana.
2005 – The military junta of Myanmar begins moving its government ministries from Yangon to Pyinmana.

Births

1391 – Edmund de Mortimer, 5th Earl of March, English politician (d. 1425)
1479 – Joanna I of Castile, queen of Spain (d. 1555)
1494 – Suleiman the Magnificent, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1566)
1550 – Karin Månsdotter, Queen of Sweden (d. 1612)
1661 – King Charles II of Spain (d. 1700)
1692 – Louis Racine, French poet (d. 1763)
1753 – Mikhail Kozlovsky, Russian sculptor (d. 1802)
1753 – Jean-Baptiste Breval, French composer (d. 1823)
1814 – Adolphe Sax, Belgian inventor (d. 1894)
1833 – Jonas Lie, Norwegian author (d. 1908)
1841 – Nelson W. Aldrich, U.S. Senator from Rhode Island (d. 1915)
1841 – Armand Fallières, French president (d. 1931)
1851 – Charles Dow, American journalist and economist (d. 1902)
1854 – John Philip Sousa, American composer (d. 1932)
1855 – Ezra Seymour Gosney, American philanthropist and eugenicist (d. 1942)
1860 – Ignace Paderewski, Polish pianist, composer, and President of Poland (d. 1941)
1861 – James Naismith, Canadian inventor of basketball (d. 1939)
1880 – Robert Musil, Austrian novelist (d. 1942)
1880 – Chris van Abkoude, Dutch-American writer and novelist (d. 1959)
1882 – Thomas Ince, American movie actor, director, producer. (d. 1924)
1887 – Walter Johnson, American baseball player (d. 1946)
1892 – Harold Ross, American editor (d. 1951)
1892 – George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven (d. 1938)
1893 – Edsel Ford, president of Ford Motor Company (d. 1943)
1903 – June Marlowe, American actress (d. 1984)
1906 – James D. Norris, sportsman and businessman (Chicago Blackhawks) (d. 1966)
1914 – Jonathan Harris, American actor (d. 2002)
1916 – Ray Conniff, American composer and conductor (d. 2002)
1921 – James Jones, American writer (d. 1977)
1924 – Jeanette Schmid, Austrian professional whistler, AKA Baroness Lips von Lipstrill (d. 2005)
1926 – Frank Carson, Northern Irish comedian
1930 – Tom Hornbein, American mountaineer
1931 – Peter Collins, English race car driver (d. 1958)
1931 – Mike Nichols, American film director
1932 – Stonewall Jackson, American country singer
1937 – Joe Warfield, American actor
1937 – Eugene Pitt, American singer (The Jive Five)
1938 – Mack Jones, American baseball player (d. 2004)
1938 – Jim Pike, American singer (The Lettermen)
1938 – P.J. Proby, American-born singer and actor
1938 – Diana E. H. Russell, South African feminist writer and activist
1938 – Dumitru Rusu, Romanian painter
1939 – Michael Schwerner, American civil rights activist (d. 1964)
1939 – Leonardo Quisumbing, Filipino Supreme Court jurist
1940 – Ruth Messinger, Manhattan Borough President and President of the American Jewish World Service
1940 – Dieter F. Uchtdorf, LDS apostle
1940 – Johnny Giles, Irish footballer,
1946 – Sally Field, American actress
1946 – Fred Penner, Canadian children's entertainer
1947 – Jim Rosenthal, English sports presenter
1947 – Edward Yang, Taiwanese film director (d. 2007)
1947 – George Young, Australian musician (Easybeats)
1948 – Glenn Frey, American singer (Eagles)
1949 – Brad Davis, American actor (d. 1991)
1949 – Arturo Sandoval, Cuban-born trumpeter
1949 – Joseph C. Wilson, American diplomat and husband of Valerie Plame
1949 – Nigel Havers, English actor
1950 – Amir Aczel, lecturer in mathematics
1950 – Chris Glen, Scottish bassist The Sensational Alex Harvey Band
1951 – Peter Althin, Swedish politician and attorney
1951 – John Falsey, American television writer and producer
1952 – Michael Cunningham, American writer
1954 – Catherine Crier, American television personality
1955 – Maria Shriver, American journalist
1955 – Alton Coleman, American serial killer
1957 – Klaus Kleinfeld, German industrialist
1957 – Siobhán McCarthy, Irish singer and actress
1957 – Lori Singer, American actress
1958 – Trace Beaulieu, American actor
1960 – Michael Cerveris, American actor
1961 – Florent Pagny, French songwriter and singer
1961 – Kazuhiko Aoki, Japanese game creator
1961 – Craig Goldy, guitarist for the band (Dio)
1962 – Aznil Nawawi, Malaysian host, actor and singer
1963 – Rozz Williams, American musician (Christian Death) (d. 1998)
1964 – Kerry Conran, American filmmaker
1964 – Arne Duncan, American political figure
1964 – Corey Glover, American musician (Living Color)
1964 – Greg Graffin, American singer (Bad Religion)
1966 – Paul Gilbert, American guitarist and singer
1966 – Peter DeLuise, American actor and director
1967 – Rebecca Schaeffer, American actress (d. 1989)
1968 – Alfred Williams, American football player
1968 – Jerry Yang, Chinese American entrepreneur (Yahoo!, Inc.)
1968 – Kelly Rutherford, American actress
1970 – Ethan Hawke, American actor
1972 – Garry Flitcroft, English footballer
1972 – Thandie Newton, English actress
1972 – Rebecca Romijn, American actress
1972 – Deivi Cruz, American baseball player
1973 – Nell McAndrew, British model
1974 – Frank Vandenbroucke, Belgian cyclist (d. 2009)
1975 – Anastasia Blue, American former pornographic actress (d. 2008)
1976 – Mike Herrera, American singer and bassist (MxPx)
1976 – Jodi Martin, Australian singer-songwriter
1976 – Pat Tillman, American football player (d. 2004)
1976 – Catherine Clark, Canadian journalist; daughter of Joe Clark
1977 – Patrícia Tavares, Portuguese actress
1978 – Sandrine Blancke, Belgian actress
1978 – Daniella Cicarelli, Brazilian model and television host
1978 – Jolina Magdangal, Filipina singer, actress and television host
1978 – Taryn Manning, American actress
1978 – Zak Morioka, Brazilian racing driver
1979 – Myolie Wu , Hong Kong famous star
1979 – Lamar Odom, American basketball player
1981 – Lee Dong Wook, South Korean actor
1981 – Andrew Murray, Canadian Ice Hockey Player
1982 – Sowelu, Japanese pop singer
1982 – Steve Millar, Candian/American Singer-Songwriter
1983 – Janette McBride, Australian/Filipino actress
1983 – Jon Hume, Australian singer (Evermore)
1984 – Ricky Romero, American baseball player
1987 – Ana Ivanović, Serbian tennis player
1988 – Erik Lund, Swedish footballer
1988 – Emma Stone, American actress
1989 – Jozy Altidore, American footballer
1989 – Shaina Magdayao, Filipina actress

Deaths

1231 – Emperor Tsuchimikado of Japan (b. 1196)
1406 – Pope Innocent VII
1492 – Antoine Busnois, French composer
1550 – Ulrich, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1487)
1632 – King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (b. 1594)
1650 – William II, Prince of Orange (b. 1626)
1656 – King John IV of Portugal (b. 1603)
1656 – Jean-Baptiste Morin, French scientist (b. 1583)
1692 – Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French writer (b. 1619)
1752 – Ralph Erskine, Scottish minister (b. 1685)
1771 – John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (b. 1695)
1790 – James Bowdoin, American Revolutionary leader and politician (b. 1726)
1796 – Catherine II of Russia (b. 1729)
1816 – Gouverneur Morris, American lawmaker and diplomat (b. 1752)
1822 – Claude Louis Berthollet, French chemist (b. 1748)
1836 – King Charles X of France (b. 1757)
1846 – Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician and activist (b. 1800)
1846 – Alexander Chavchavadze, Georgian poet and general (b. 1786)
1893 – Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (b. 1840)
1903 – Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine (b.1895)
1910 – Giuseppe Cesare Abba, Italian patriot and writer (b. 1838)
1925 – Khải Định, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1885)
1929 – Prince Maximilian of Baden, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1867)
1936 – Henry Bourne Joy, American automobile executive (b. 1864)
1937 – Colin Campbell Cooper, American Impressionist painter (b. 1856)
1941 – Maurice Leblanc, French novelist (b. 1864)
1960 – Erich Raeder, German grand admiral (b. 1876)
1964 – Hans von Euler-Chelpin, German-born chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1863)
1964 – Hugo Koblet, Swiss cyclist (b. 1925)
1965 – Edgard Varèse, French composer (b. 1883)
1965 – Clarence Williams, American musician (b. 1898)
1968 – Charles Munch, French conductor and violinist (b. 1891)
1968 – Charles B. McVay III, Ex-U.S. Navy Captain (b. 1898)
1970 – Agustín Lara, Mexican composer and poet (b. 1900)
1978 – Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (b. 1915)
1978 – Heiri Suter, Swiss cyclist (b. 1899)
1984 – Gastón Suárez, Bolivian novelist and dramatist (b. 1929)
1985 – Joel Crothers, Soap Opera Actor (b. 1941)
1986 – Elisabeth Grümmer, Alsatian soprano (b. 1911)
1987 – Zohar Argov, Israeli singer (b. 1955)
1989 – Yusaku Matsuda, Japanese actor (b. 1949)
1989 – Dickie Goodman, creator of "break-in" records (b. 1934)
1991 – Gene Tierney, American actress (b. 1920)
1995 – Aneta Corsaut, American actress (b. 1933)
1998 – Marcel Gauthier, Canadian wrestler (b. 1928)
2000 – David R. Brower, American environmentalist (b. 1912)
2000 – L. Sprague de Camp, American writer (b. 1907)
2001 – Anthony Shaffer, English dramatist (b. 1926)
2002 – Sid Sackson, American board game designer (b. 1920)
2003 – Crash Holly, American professional wrestler (b. 1971)
2003 – Rie Mastenbroek, Dutch swimmer (b. 1919)
2003 – Eduardo Palomo, Mexican actor (b. 1962)
2003 – Just Betzer, Danish film producer (b. 1944)
2004 – Fred Dibnah, English television personality (b. 1938)
2004 – Johnny Warren, Australian soccer player (b. 1943)
2005 – Minako Honda, Japanese singer and musical actress (b. 1967)
2005 – Rod Donald, New Zealand Politician, Green Party Co-leader (b. 1957)
2005 – Miguel Aceves Mejía, Mexican actor, composer and singer (b. 1915)
2006 – Federico (Fico) López, Puerto Rican basketball player (b. 1962)
2006 – Francisco Fernández Ochoa, Spanish alpine skier (b. 1950)
2007 – Enzo Biagi, Italian journalist (b. 1920)
2007 – Hilda Braid, English actress (b. 1929)
2007 – George Grljusich, Australian sports broadcaster (b. c. 1939)
2007 – Sayed Mustafa Kazemi, Afghan politician (b. c. 1962)
2007 – George Osmond, Osmond family patriarch (b. 1917)
2007 – Hank Thompson, American singer (b. 1925)

Holidays and observances

Catholic Saints – November 6 is the feast day of the following Catholic Saints:
St. Leonard of Noblac
St. Winnoc
Dominican Republic – Constitution Day (1844)
Finland – Swedishness Day, a flag day
Sweden – Death of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden and official flag day
Tajikistan – Constitution Day (1994)
Tatarstan – Constitution Day (1992)

 

[historylover]

November 7

Events

680 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council commences in Constantinople.
1492 – The Ensisheim Meteorite, the oldest meteorite with a known date of impact, strikes the earth around noon in a wheat field outside the village of Ensisheim, Alsace, France.
1619 – Elizabeth of Scotland and England is crowned Queen of Bohemia.
1665 – The London Gazette, the oldest surviving journal, is first published.
1775 – John Murray, the Royal Governor of the Colony of Virginia, starts the first mass emancipation of slaves in North America by issuing Lord Dunmore's Offer of Emancipation, which offers freedom to slaves who abandoned their colonial masters in order to fight with Murray and the British.
1786 – The oldest musical organization in the United States is founded as the Stoughton Musical Society.
1811 – Tecumseh's War: The Battle of Tippecanoe is fought near present-day Battle Ground, Indiana, United States.
1837 – In Alton, Illinois, abolitionist printer Elijah P. Lovejoy is shot dead by a mob while attempting to protect his printing shop from being destroyed a third time.
1861 – American Civil War: Battle of Belmont: In Belmont, Missouri, Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant overrun a Confederate camp but are forced to retreat when Confederate reinforcements arrive.
1872 – The ship Mary Celeste sails from New York, eventually to be found deserted
1874 – A cartoon by Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, is considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the United States Republican Party.
1885 – In Craigellachie, British Columbia, construction ends on the Canadian Pacific Railway railway extending across Canada.
1893 – Women in the U.S. state of Colorado are granted the right to vote.
1900 – Battle of Leliefontein, a battle during which the Royal Canadian Dragoons win three Victoria Crosses.
1907 – Delta Sigma Pi is founded at New York University.
1907 – Jesús García saves the entire town of Nacozari de Garcia, Sonora by driving a burning train full of dynamite six kilometers away before it can explode.
1908 – Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid are reportedly killed in San Vicente, Bolivia.
1910 – The first air freight shipment (from Dayton, Ohio, to Columbus, Ohio) is undertaken by the Wright Brothers and department store owner Max Moorehouse.
1912 – The Deutsche Opernhaus (now Deutsche Oper Berlin) opens in the Berlin neighborhood of Charlottenburg, with a production of Beethoven's Fidelio.
1914 – The first issue of The New Republic magazine is published.
1914 – The German colony of Kiaochow Bay and its centre at Tsingtao are captured by Japanese forces.
1916 – Jeannette Rankin is the first woman elected to the United States Congress.
1917 – Russian Revolution: In Petrograd, Russia, Bolshevik leaders Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky lead revolutionaries in overthrowing the Provisional Government (As Russia was still using the Julian Calendar, subsequent period references show the date as October 25).
1917 – World War I: Third Battle of Gaza ends: British forces capture Gaza from the Ottoman Empire.
1918 – The 1918 influenza epidemic spreads to Western Samoa, killing 7,542 (about 20% of the population) by the end of the year.
1918 – Kurt Eisner overthrows the Wittelsbach dynasty in the Kingdom of Bavaria.
1920 – Patriarch Tikhon issued a decree that lead to the formation of Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia.
1921 – The Partito Nazionale Fascista (PNF), National Fascist Party, comes into existence.
1929 – In New York City, the Museum of Modern Art opens to the public.
1931 – The Chinese Soviet Republic is proclaimed on the anniversary of the Bolshevik Revolution.
1933 – Fiorello H. La Guardia is elected the 99th mayor of New York City.
1940 – In Tacoma, Washington, the original Tacoma Narrows Bridge collapses in a windstorm, a mere four months after the bridge's completion.
1941 – World War II: Soviet hospital ship Armenia is sunk by German planes while evacuating refugees and wounded military and staff of several Crimea’s hospitals. It is estimated that over 5,000 people died in the sinking.
1944 – A passenger train derails in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico from excessive speed when descending a hill. 16 people are killed and 50 are injured.
1944 – Soviet spy Richard Sorge, a half-Russian, half-German World War I veteran, is hanged by his Japanese captors along with 34 of his ring.
1944 – Franklin D. Roosevelt elected for a record fourth term as President of the United States of America
1956 – Suez Crisis: The United Nations General Assembly adopts a resolution calling for the United Kingdom, France and Israel to immediately withdraw their troops from Egypt.
1957 – Cold War: The Gaither Report calls for more American missiles and fallout shelters.
1963 – Wunder von Lengede: In Germany, eleven miners are rescued from a collapsed mine after 14 days.
1967 – Carl B. Stokes is elected as Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, becoming the first African American mayor of a major American city.
1967 – US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967, establishing the Corporation for Public Broadcasting.
1973 – The U.S. Congress overrides President Richard M. Nixon's veto of the War Powers Resolution, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval.
1983 – 1983 United States Senate bombing: a bomb explodes inside the U.S. Capitol Building.
1987 – In Tunisia, president Habib Bourguiba is overthrown and replaced by Prime Minister Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.
1989 – Douglas Wilder wins the governor's seat in Virginia, becoming the first elected African American governor in the United States.
1989 – David Dinkins becomes the first African American mayor of New York City.
1989 – East German Prime Minister Willi Stoph, along with his entire cabinet, is forced to resign after huge anti-government protests.
1990 – Mary Robinson becomes the first woman to be elected President of the Republic of Ireland.
1991 – Magic Johnson announces that he is infected with HIV and retires from the NBA.
1994 – WXYC, the student radio station of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, provided the world's first internet radio broadcast.
1996 – NASA launches the Mars Global Surveyor.
1996 – A Nigerian Boeing 727 crashes into a lagoon 40 miles southeast of Lagos, killing 143.
2000 – Hillary Rodham Clinton is elected to the United States Senate, becoming the first former First Lady to win public office in the United States, although actually she still was the First Lady.
2000 – Controversial US presidential election that is later resolved in the Bush v. Gore Supreme Court Case.
2000 – The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration discovers one of the country's largest LSD labs inside a converted military missile silo in Wamego, Kansas.
2001 – The supersonic commercial aircraft Concorde resumes flying after a 15-month hiatus.
2002 – Iran bans advertising of United States products.
2004 – War in Iraq: The interim government of Iraq calls for a 60-day "state of emergency" as U.S. forces storm the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.
2007 – Jokela school shooting in Tuusula, Finland, resulting in the death of nine people.

Births

630 – Constans II, Byzantine emperor (d. 668)
994 – Ibn Hazm, Arab philosopher (d. 1069)
1598 – Francisco Zurbarán, Spanish painter (d. 1664)
1619 – Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French writer (d. 1692)
1650 – John Robinson, English diplomat (d. 1723)
1687 – William Stukeley, English archaeologist (d. 1765)
1728 – Captain James Cook, British naval officer, explorer, and cartographer (d. 1779)
1750 – Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg-Stolberg, German poet (d. 1819)
1805 – Thomas Brassey, English civil engineering contractor (d. 1870)
1818 – Emil du Bois-Reymond, German physician (d. 1896)
1832 – Andrew Dickson White, American educator (d. 1918)
1838 – Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French writer (d. 1889)
1846 – Ignaz Brüll, Austrian pianist (d. 1907)
1851 – Chris von der Ahe, German born entrepreneur (d. 1913)
1858 – Bipin Chandra Pal, Indian political activist (d. 1932)
1860 – Jean-Baptiste Eugène Estienne, French general (d. 1936)
1861 – Jeff Milton, American lawman (d. 1947)
1867 – Maria Sklodowska-Curie, Polish chemist and physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in physics and in chemistry (d. 1934)
1875 – Mikhail Kalinin, Soviet politician (d. 1946)
1876 – Charlie Townsend, English cricketer (d. 1958)
1878 – Lise Meitner, Austrian physicist (d. 1968)
1879 – King Baggot, American actor (d. 1948)
1879 – Leon Trotsky, Russian revolutionary (d. 1940)
1886 – Aron Nimzowitsch, Latvian-born chess player (d. 1935)
1888 – Sir C. V. Raman, Indian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
1890 – Jan Matulka American painter (d. 1972)
1893 – Leatrice Joy, American actress (d. 1985)
1896 – Esdras Minville, Quebec writer, economist and sociologist (d. 1975)
1897 – Herman J. Mankiewicz, American writer, director, and producer (d. 1953)
1898 – Raphaël Salem, Greek mathematician (d. 1963)
1901 – Norah McGuinness, Northern Irish painter and illustrator (d. 1980)
1903 – Dean Jagger, American actor (d. 1991)
1903 – Konrad Lorenz, Austrian zoologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1989)
1903 – Grace Stafford, American actress (d. 1992)
1903 – Ary Barroso, Brazilian songwriter (d. 1964)
1905 – William Alwyn, English composer (d. 1985)
1913 – Albert Camus, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1960)
1914 – Archie Campbell, American comedian, writer (d. 1987)
1915 – Philip Morrison, American scientist (d. 2005)
1918 – Billy Graham, American evangelist
1918 – Maria Teresa de Noronha, Portuguese Fado singer (d. 1993)
1918 – Paul Aussaresses, French general
1922 – Al Hirt, American trumpeter (d. 1999)
1923 – Gene Callahan, American film art and production designer (d. 1990)
1926 – Dame Joan Sutherland, Australian operatic soprano
1927 – Hiroshi Yamauchi, Japanese computer game executive
1927 – Ivor Emmanuel, Welsh singer and actor (d. 2007)
1928 – Richard G. Scott, American religious leader
1929 – Eric R. Kandel, Austrian neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1929 – Jesús de Polanco, Spanish businessman and media tycoon (d. 2007)
1936 – Dame Gwyneth Jones, Welsh soprano
1937 – Mary Travers, American folk singer (Peter, Paul & Mary) (d. 2009)
1938 – Jim Kaat, American baseball player
1938 – Dee Clark, American singer (d. 1990)
1942 – Johnny Rivers, American singer and composer
1942 – Jean Shrimpton, British supermodel and actress
1943 – Michael Byrne, English actor
1943 – Stephen Greenblatt, American literary critic
1943 – Boris Gromov, Russian general
1943 – Joni Mitchell, Canadian musician
1943 – Michael Spence, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
1944 – Joe Niekro, American baseball player (d. 2006)
1944 – Luigi Riva, Italian footballer
1944 – Ken Patera, American professional wrestler
1945 – Earl Boen, American actor
1947 – Bob Anderson, English darts player
1947 – Yutaka Fukumoto, Japanese professional baseball player
1947 – Sondhi Limthongkul, Thai journalist
1948 – Alex Ribeiro, Brazilian racing driver
1949 – Steven Stucky, American composer
1949 – Judy Tenuta, American comedian
1952 – David Petraeus, American military commander
1953 – Lucinda Green, British equestrian
1954 – Kamal Haasan, Indian actor
1955 – Detlef Ultsch, German judoka
1956 – Jonathan Palmer, British Formula One racer
1957 – Christopher Knight, American actor
1957 – Tony Schiavone, American wrestling announcer
1957 – King Kong Bundy, American professional wrestler
1958 – Lori Saldaña, American politician
1959 – Billy Gillispie, American basketball coach
1959 – Alexandre Guimarães, Costa Rican football manager
1960 – Tommy Thayer, American guitarist (Kiss)
1962 – Tracie Savage, American actress and journalist
1963 – John Barnes, English footballer
1964 – Dana Plato, American actress and child actor (d. 1999)
1964 – Gill Holland, American producer
1965 – Sigrun Wodars, German athlete
1967 – Sharleen Spiteri Scottish singer and songwriter (Texas)
1967 – Steve Digiorgio, American musician
1967 – David Guetta, French DJ
1968 – Greg Tribbett, American musician (Mudvayne)
1968 – Mark Preston, Australian engineer
1969 – Hélène Grimaud, French pianist
1970 – Neil Hannon, Northern Irish musician (The Divine Comedy)
1970 – Andy Houston, American NASCAR driver
1970 – Marc Rosset, Swiss tennis player
1970 – Morgan Spurlock, American director and producer
1971 – Jamie Drummond, Scottish/Canadian Sommelier
1971 – Robin Finck, American musician
1972 – Jason London and Jeremy London, American actors
1972 – Danny Grewcock, English rugby union player
1972 – Christopher Daniel Barnes, American actor
1972 – Mike Goldman, Australian media personality
1972 – Marcus Stewart, English football player
1973 – Yunjin Kim, South Korean actress
1973 – Martín Palermo, Argentine footballer
1974 – Kris Benson, American baseball player
1974 – Chris Summers, Norwegian drummer (Turbonegro)
1976 – Melyssa Ford, Canadian model and actress
1976 – Rob Caggiano, American musician (Anthrax)
1976 – One Be Lo, American hip-hop artist
1976 – Mark Philippoussis, Australian tennis player
1978 – Mohamed Aboutrika, Egyptian footballer
1978 – Rio Ferdinand, English footballer
1978 – Tomoya Nagase, Japanese actor and singer (TOKIO)
1978 – Jan Vennegoor of Hesselink, Dutch footballer
1979 – Mike Commodore, American hockey player
1979 – Will Demps, American football player
1979 – Danny Fonseca, Costa Rican footballer
1979 – Barney Harwood, English television presenter
1979 – Jon Peter Lewis, American singer
1979 – Joey Ryan, American professional wrestler
1980 – Gervasio Deferr, Spanish gymnast
1980 – James Franklin, New Zealand cricketer
1980 – Luciana Salazar, Argentine model and actress
1981 – Mark Copani, Jordanian/American professional wrestler
1981 – Anthony Moffat, Scottish musician and film-maker
1981 – Anushka Shetty, Indian actress
1986 – Sol Aranza, Mexican voice actress
1988 – Jon Daly, Canadian recording engineer
1990 – Matt Corby, Australian singer

Deaths

644 – Umar ibn al-Khattāb, Second caliph of Islam
1225 – Engelbert II of Berg, Archbishop of Cologne
1550 – Jon Arason, the last Roman Catholic bishop of Iceland (b. 1484)
1574 – Solomon Luria, Maharshal (b. 1510)
1581 – Richard Davies, Welsh bishop and scholar
1599 – Gasparo Tagliacozzi, Italian surgeon (b. 1546)
1620 – Hetman Stanisław Żólkiewski polish commander in the Battle of Ţuţora (1620) (b. 1547)
1633 – Cornelius Jacobszoon Drebbel, Dutch inventor (b. 1572)
1639 – Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour, English politician
1642 – Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester, English politician
1713 – Elizabeth Barry, English actress (b. 1658)
1837 – Elijah P. Lovejoy, American abolitionist (b. 1809)
1872 – Alfred Clebsch, German mathematician (b. 1833)
1881 – John MacHale, Irish Archbishop (Tuam) and writer (b. 1791)
1906 – Heinrich Seidel, German engineer, poet and writer (b. 1842)
1913 – Alfred Russel Wallace, British naturalist and biologist (b. 1823)
1919 – Hugo Haase, German politician and jurist (b. 1863)
1922 – Sam Thompson, baseball player (b. 1860)
1943 – Dwight Frye, American actor (b. 1899)
1944 – Richard Sorge, Soviet spy (b. 1895)
1944 – Hannah Szenes, Jewish woman who parachuted into Yugoslavia during World War II to help save the Jews of Hungary (b. 1921)
1959 – Victor McLaglen, British-born actor (b. 1883)
1962 – Eleanor Roosevelt, First Lady of the United States (b. 1884)
1966 – Rube Bressler, Baseball player (b. 1894)
1967 – John Nance Garner, U.S. Congressman and Vice President (b. 1868)
1968 – Alexander Gelfond, Russian mathematician (b. 1906)
1968 – Gordon Coventry, Australian rules footballer (b. 1901)
1974 – Eric Linklater, British author (b. 1899)
1978 – Gene Tunney, heavyweight boxing champion (b. 1897)
1980 – Steve McQueen, American actor (b. 1930)
1983 – Germaine Tailleferre, French composer (b. 1892)
1986 – Tracy Pew, Australian musician (The Birthday Party) (b. 1957)
1991 – Carter Cornelius, American R&B musician (Cornelius Brothers & Sister Rose) (b. 1948)
1991 – Tom of Finland, Finnish fetish artist (b. 1920)
1992 – Alexander Dubček, Slovakian politician (b. 1921)
1992 – Jack Kelly, American actor (b. 1927)
1994 – Shorty Rogers, American jazz musician (b. 1924)
1996 – Jaja Wachuku, Nigerian Lawyer and First Foreign Affairs Minister (b. 1918)
1996 – Claude Ake, Nigerian political scientist (b. 1939)
2000 – Chidambaram Subramaniam, Indian politician (b. 1910)
2000 – Queen Ingrid, Queen Dowager of Denmark (b. 1910)
2001 – Nida Blanca, Filipino actress (b. 1936)
2002 – Rudolf Augstein, German publisher (b. 1923)
2004 – Howard Keel, American actor (b. 1919)
2005 – Anthony Sawoniuk, Belarusian-born Nazi war criminal (b. 1921)
2005 – Harry Thompson, English-born comedian and novelist (b. 1960)
2006 – Bryan Pata, American football defensive tackle (University of Miami) (murdered) (b. 1984)
2006 – Johnny Sain, American baseball pitcher (b. 1917)
2006 – Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, French journalist (b. 1924)
2007 – Earl Dodge, American politician (Prohibition Party) (b. 1932)
2007 – George W. George, American theater, Broadway and film producer (b. 1920)

Holidays and observances

Christianity – Saint Willibrord, Prosdocimus, Herculanus of Perugia, Vicente Liem de la Paz
Also see November 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Northern Catalonia – National Day, after Treaty of Pyrenees.
Belarus — Day of the October Revolution (1917) in the Gregorian Calendar. Formerly an official holiday in the Soviet Union; unofficially commemorated in modern Russia.

 

[historylover]

November 8

Events

1519 – Hernán Cortés enters Tenochtitlán and Aztec ruler Moctezuma welcomes him with a great celebration.
1520 – Stockholm Bloodbath begins: A successful invasion of Sweden by Danish forces results in the execution of around 100 people.
1576 – Eighty Years' War: Pacification of Ghent – The States-General of the Netherlands meet and unite to oppose Spanish occupation.
1602 – The Bodleian Library at Oxford University is opened to the public.
1620 – The Battle of White Mountain takes place near Prague, ending in a decisive Catholic victory in only two hours.
1745 – Charles Edward Stuart invades England with an army of ~5000 that would later participate in the Battle of Culloden.
1793 – In Paris, the French Revolutionary government opens the Louvre to the public as a museum.
1837 – Mary Lyon founds Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, which later becomes Mount Holyoke College.
1861 – American Civil War: The "Trent Affair" – The USS San Jacinto stops the United Kingdom mail ship Trent and arrests two Confederate envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US.
1889 – Montana is admitted as the 41st U.S. state.
1892 – The New Orleans general strike begins, uniting black and white American trade unionists in a successful four-day general strike action for the first time.
1895 – While experimenting with electricity, Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the X-ray.
1901 – Bloody clashes take place in Athens following the translation of the Gospels into demotic Greek.
1917 – The People's Commissars give authority to Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, and Joseph Stalin.
1923 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government.
1932 – Franklin Delano Roosevelt is elected the 32d President of the United States defeating Herbert Hoover.
1933 – Great Depression: New Deal – US President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed.
1935 – A dozen labor leaders come together to announce the creation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), an organization charged with advancing industrial unionism.
1937 – The Nazi exhibition Der ewige Jude ("The Eternal Jew") opens in Munich.
1939 – Venlo Incident: Two British agents of SIS are captured by the Germans.
1939 – In Munich, Adolf Hitler narrowly escapes the assassination attempt of Georg Elser while celebrating the 16th anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch.
1941 – The Albanian Communist Party is founded.
1942 – World War II: Operation Torch – United States and United Kingdom forces land in French North Africa.
1942 – World War II: French resistance coup in Algiers, in which 400 civilian French patriots neutralize Vichyist XIXth Army Corps after 15 hours of fighting, and arrest several Vichyst generals, allowing the immediate success of Operation Torch in Algiers.
1950 – Korean War: United States Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown shoots down two North Korean MiG-15s in the first jet aircraft-to-jet aircraft dogfight in history.
1957 – Operation Grapple X, Round C1: Britain conducts its first successful hydrogen bomb test over Kiritimati in the Pacific.
1960 – John Fitzgerald Kennedy is elected the 35th President of the United States defeating Richard M. Nixon.
1965 – The British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands.
1965 – The Murder (Abolition of the Death Penalty) Act 1965 is given Royal Assent, formally abolishing the death penalty in the United Kingdom.
1965 – The 173rd Airborne is ambushed by over 1,200 Viet Cong in Operation Hump during the Vietnam War.
1966 – Former Massachusetts Attorney General Edward Brooke becomes the first African American elected to the United States Senate.
1966 – U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signs into law an antitrust exemption allowing the National Football League to merge with the upstart American Football League.
1973 – The right ear of John Paul Getty III is delivered to a newspaper together with a ransom note, convincing his father to pay 2.9 million USD.
1976 – A series of earthquakes spreads panic in the city of Thessaloniki, which is evacuated.
1977 – Manolis Andronikos, a Greek archaeologist and professor at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, discovers the tomb of Philip II of Macedon at Vergina.
1979 – The Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action) is formed.
1987 – Remembrance Day Bombing: A Provisional IRA bomb explodes in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland during a ceremony honouring those who had died in wars involving British forces. Twelve people are killed and sixty-three wounded.
1989 – Hong Kong's MTR Lam Tin Station comes into service.
2002 – Iraq disarmament crisis: UN Security Council Resolution 1441 – The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves a resolution on Iraq, forcing Saddam Hussein to disarm or face "serious consequences".
2004 – War in Iraq: More than 10,000 U.S. troops and a small number of Iraqi army units participate in a siege on the insurgent stronghold of Fallujah.

Births

30 – Nerva, Roman Emperor (d. 98)
1342 – Julian of Norwich, English saint (d. 1416)
1431 – Vlad III the Impaler, Wallachian prince (d. 1476)
1491 – Teofilo Folengo, Italian poet (d. 1544)
1622 – King Charles X of Sweden (d. 1660)
1656 – Edmond Halley, British astronomer and mathematician (d. 1742)
1706 – Johann Ulrich von Cramer, German judge and philosopher (d. 1772)
1710 – Sarah Fielding, English writer (d. 1768)
1715 – Elisabeth Christine von Braunschweig-Bevern, wife of Frederick II of Prussia (d. 1797)
1723 – John Byron, British naval officer (d. 1786)
1768 – Princess Augusta Sophia of the United Kingdom, (d. 1840)
1777 – Désirée Clary, queen of Sweden (d. 1860)
1836 – Milton Bradley, American game manufacturer (d. 1911)
1847 – Jean Casimir-Perier, French politician (d. 1907)
1847 – Bram Stoker, Irish novelist (d. 1912)
1848 – Gottlob Frege, German mathematician and logician (d. 1925)
1854 – Johannes Rydberg, Swedish physicist (d. 1919)
1866 – Herbert Austin, English automobile pioneer (d. 1941)
1868 – Felix Hausdorff, German mathematician (d. 1942)
1869 – Zinaida Gippius, Russian woman-poet in exile in France (d. 1945)
1883 – Arnold Bax, English composer (d. 1953)
1884 – Hermann Rorschach, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1922)
1885 – Hans Cloos, German geologist (d. 1951)
1885 – Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese general (d. 1946)
1885 – Emil Fahrenkamp, German architect (d. 1966)
1888 – David Monrad Johansen, Norwegian composer (d. 1974)
1893 – Clarence Williams, American composer (d. 1965)
1893 – Prajadhipok, Rama VII, king of Thailand (d. 1941)
1895 – Photios Kontoglou, Greek writer, painter and iconographer (d. 1965)
1896 – Bucky Harris, baseball player (d. 1977)
1897 – Dorothy Day, social activist (d. 1980)
1898 – Marie Prevost, Canadian actress (d. 1937)
1900 – Margaret Mitchell, American author (d. 1949)
1900 – Charlie Paddock, American athlete (d. 1943)
1904 – Cedric Belfrage English-born writer (d. 1990)
1908 – Martha Gellhorn, American writer (d. 1998)
1913 – June Havoc, American actress
1918 – Hermann Zapf, German designer
1919 – P. L. Deshpande, Indian author (d. 2000)
1920 – Esther Rolle, American actress (d. 1998)
1920 – Eugênio de Araújo Sales, Brazilian cardinal
1922 – Christiaan Barnard, South African heart surgeon (d. 2001)
1922 – Ademir Marques de Menezes, Brazilian footballer (d. 1996)
1923 – Jack Kilby, American electrical engineer, Nobel laureate (d. 2005)
1924 – Joe Flynn, American actor (d. 1974)
1927 – Ken Dodd, English comedian
1927 – Nguyen Khanh, Prime Minister of South Vietnam
1927 – Patti Page, American singer
1929 – António Castanheira Neves, Portuguese philosopher
1929 – Bobby Bowden, American football coach
1931 – Darla Hood, American actress (d. 1979)
1931 – Morley Safer, Canadian journalist
1933 – Peter Arundell, British racing driver
1935 – Alain Delon, French actor
1935 – Alfonso López Trujillo, Colombian Cardinal Bishop (d.2008)
1938 – Driss Basri, Moroccan Interior Minister (d. 2007)
1942 – Angel Cordero Jr., Puerto Rican jockey
1943 – Martin Peters, English footballer
1944 – Bonnie Bramlett, American singer (Delaney, Bonnie & Friends)
1946 – Guus Hiddink, Dutch football coach
1946 – Roy Wood, English songwriter and musician (Electric Light Orchestra, The Move, Wizzard)
1947 – Minnie Riperton, American singer (d. 1979)
1949 – Bonnie Raitt, American singer
1949 – Wayne LaPierre, Executive Vice President of the National Rifle Association.
1950 – Mary Hart, American television personality
1951 – Alfredo Astiz, Argentine general
1952 – Jan Raas, Dutch cyclist
1952 – Jerry Remy, American baseball player, color commentator
1952 – Christie Hefner, CEO of Playboy Enterprises
1952 – John Denny, American baseball player
1952 – Alfre Woodard, American actress
1953 – John Musker, American animation director
1954 – David Bret, Anglo-French biographer and broadcaster
1954 – Michael D. Brown, U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency director
1954 – Kazuo Ishiguro, British author
1954 – Rickie Lee Jones, American singer
1954 – Jeanette McGruder, American musician (P Funk)
1956 – Steven Miller, American record producer
1956 – Richard Curtis, British screenwriter
1957 – Porl Thompson, British musician (The Cure)
1957 – Alan Curbishley, English football manager
1958 – Don Byron, American clarinetist
1960 – Oleg Menshikov, Russian actor
1960 – Michael Nyqvist, Swedish actor
1961 – Leif Garrett, American singer
1965 – Jeff Blauser, American baseball player
1965 – Craig Chester, American actor and screenwriter
1966 – Gordon Ramsay, British chef and reality television personality
1967 – Courtney Thorne-Smith, American actress
1967 – Kamar de los Reyes, American actor
1967 – Henry Rodriguez, Dominican Republic baseball player
1968 – Parker Posey, American actress
1968 – Zara Whites, Dutch actress
1968 – Sergio Porrini, Italian footballer
1968 – Jose Offerman, Dominican baseball player
1969 – Roxana Zal, American actress
1970 – Tom Anderson, co-founder of MySpace
1970 – José Francisco Porras, Costa Rican footballer
1970 – Diana King, Jamaican singer
1971 – Carlos Atanes, Spanish film director
1971 – Aaron Yates (Tech N9NE), American rapper
1972 – Gretchen Mol, American actress
1973 – Vanesa Littlecrow, Puerto Rican cartoonist, dancer, writer and model
1974 – Matthew Rhys, Welsh actor
1974 – Masashi Kishimoto, Japanese manga author
1974 – Seishi Kishimoto, Japanese manga author
1975 – Brevin Knight, American basketball player
1975 – José Pinto, Spanish footballer
1975 – Tara Reid, American actress
1976 – Brett Lee, Australian cricketer
1976 – Colin Strause, American director
1977 – Bucky Covington, American entertainer
1977 – Jully Black, Canadian R&B singer
1977 – Nick Punto, American baseball player
1978 – Ali Karimi, Iranian footballer
1978 – Júlio Sérgio Bertagnoli, Brazilian footballer
1978 – Tim de Cler, Dutch footballer
1978 – Maurice Evans, American basketball player
1978 – Spyros Gogolos, Greek footballer
1979 – Aaron Hughes, Northern Irish footballer
1979 – Dania Ramírez, Dominican actress
1980 – Ana Vidovic, classical guitarist
1980 – Luis Fabiano, Brazilian footballer
1981 – Joe Cole, English footballer
1982 – Mika Kallio, Finnish Grand Prix motorcycle racer
1982 – Lynndie England, former U.S. Army reservist, associated with Abu Ghraib
1982 – Sam Sparro, Australian producer, songwriter, performer, former child actor
1982 – Ted DiBiase Jr., Professional wrestler in WWE
1983 – Kat Shoob, British television presenter
1983 – Blanka Vlašić, Croatian high jumper
1983 – Remko Pasveer, Dutch footballer
1985 – Jack Osbourne, English television star
1986 – Jamie Roberts, Welsh and British & Irish Lions Rugby Player
1987 – Sam Bradford, American football player and winner of the 2008 Heisman Trophy
2003 – Lady Louise Windsor, British royal

Deaths

911 – Louis the Child, last Carolingian ruler of the East Franks (b. 893)
955 – Pope Agapetus II
1115 – Godfrey of Amiens (b. 1066)
1171 – Baldwin IV, Count of Hainaut (b. 1108)
1195 – Conrad of Hohenstaufen
1226 – King Louis VIII of France (b. 1187)
1246 – Berenguela of Castile, wife of Alfonso IX of Castile (b. 1180)
1308 – Duns Scotus, Scottish philosopher
1517 – Francisco Cardinal Jiménez de Cisneros, Spanish statesman (b. 1436)
1527 – Jerome Emser, German theologian (b. 1477)
1599 – Francisco Guerrero, Spanish composer (b. 1528)
1600 – Natsuka Masaie, Japanese warlord (b. 1562)
1605 – Robert Catesby, English conspirator (b. 1573)
1658 – Witte Corneliszoon de With, Dutch naval officer (b. 1599)
1674 – John Milton, English poet (b. 1608)
1719 – Michel Rolle, French mathematician (b. 1652)
1817 – Andrea Appiani, Italian painter (b. 1754)
1830 – King Francis I of the Two Sicilies (b. 1777)
1873 – Breton de los Herreros, Spanish playwright (b. 1796)
1887 – John Henry "Doc" Holliday, American gambler and gunfighter (b. 1851)
1890 – César Franck, Belgian composer and organist (b. 1822)
1905 – Victor Borisov-Musatov, Russian painter (b. 1870)
1917 – Colin Blythe, English cricketer (b. 1879)
1921 – Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav, Slovak poet (b. 1849)
1934 – Carlos Chagas, Brazilian physician (b. 1879)
1944 – Walter Nowotny, Austrian/German fighter pilot (b. 1920)
1945 – August von Mackensen, German field marshal (b. 1849)
1949 – Cyriel Verschaeve, Flemish clergyman (b. 1874)
1953 – Ivan Alekseyevich Bunin, Russian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1870)
1953 – John van Melle, South African author (b. 1887)
1959 – Frank Sherman Land, founder of DeMolay International (b. 1890)
1965 – Dorothy Kilgallen, American newspaper columnist (b. 1913)
1968 – Wendell Corey, American actor (b. 1914)
1970 – Huw Thomas Edwards, Welsh trade unionist and politician (b. 1892)
1974 – Ivory Joe Hunter, American R&B singer, pianist and songwriter (b. 1914)
1977 – Bucky Harris, American baseball player (b. 1896)
1978 – Norman Rockwell, American illustrator (b. 1894)
1979 – Yvonne de Gaulle, wife of Charles de Gaulle (b. 1900)
1983 – Mordecai Kaplan, Rabbi, founded Reconstructionist Judaism (b. 1881)
1983 – James Booker, American jazz singer (b. 1939)
1983 – James Hayden, American actor (b. 1953)
1985 – Nicolas Frantz, Luxembourgish cyclist (b. 1899)
1985 – Jacques Hnizdovsky, Ukrainian-American painter, printmaker, sculptor, ex libris designer, book illustrator (b. 1915)
1986 – Vyacheslav Molotov, Russian politician (b. 1890)
1993 – Andrey Nikolayevich Tychonoff, Russian mathematician (b. 1906)
1994 – Michael O'Donoghue, American writer (b. 1940)
1998 – John Hunt, Baron Hunt, British expedition leader of the first successful ascent of Everest (b. 1910)
1998 – Jean Marais, French actor (b. 1913)
1998 – Rumer Godden, British writer (b. 1907)
1999 – Lester Bowie, American jazz trumpet player (b. 1941)
1999 – Leon Štukelj, Slovenian gymnast (b. 1898)
2002 – Jon Elia, Pakistani scholar, poet and philosopher (b. 1931)
2003 – Bob Grant, English actor (b. 1932)
2003 – C. Z. Guest, American socialite (b. 1920)
2003 – Guy Speranza, American singer, original Riot frontman (b. 1956)
2004 – Peter Mathers, English-born Australian novelist (b. 1931)
2005 – David Westheimer, American novelist (b. 1917)
2005 – Alekos Alexandrakis, Greek actor (b. 1928)
2006 – Basil Poledouris, American film score composer (b. 1945)
2006 – Hannspeter Winter, Austrian plasma physicist (b. 1941)
2007 – Dulce Saguisag, Filipino politician and former DSWD Secretary. (b. 1943)
2007 – Chad Varah, English founder of charity The Samaritans (b. 1911)

Holidays and observances

Roman calendar
Mundus patet: a harvest feast involving the dead.
Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the other Bodiless Powers of Heaven in Greece, Cyprus and all other Eastern Orthodox Churches worldwide
Julian calendar: October 26 - Saint Demetrius Day celebrated by the Orthodox Churches that follow the old calendar (in Russia, Serbia etc.)
Feast of Blessed Elizabeth of the Trinity in the Catholic Church and Godfrey of Amiens
2009's Remembrance Sunday in the United Kingdom.

 

[minidog]

1656 - Edmond Halley was born. Halley, an astronomer-mathmatician, was the first to calculate the orbit that was named after him. The comet makes an appearance every 76 years.

1793 - The Louvre Museum, in Paris, opened to the public for the first time.

1805 - The "Corps of Discovery" reached the Pacific Ocean. The expedition was lead by William Clark and Meriwether Lewis. The journey had begun on May 14, 1804, with the goal of exploring the Louisiana Purchase territory.

1880 - French actress Sarah Bernhardt made her American stage debut in "Adrienne Lecouvreur" in New York City.

1887 - Doc Holliday died at the age of 35. The gun fighting dentist died from tuberculosis in a sanitarium in Glenwood Springs, CO.

1889 - Montana became the 41st U.S. state.

1895 - Wilhelm Roentgen while experimenting with electricity discovered the scientific principle involved and took the first X-ray pictures.

1910 - William H. Frost patented the insect exterminator.

1923 - Adolf Hitler made his first attempt at seizing power in Germany with a failed coup in Munich that came to be known as the "Beer-Hall Putsch."

1933 - The Civil Works Administration was created by executive order by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt. The organization was designed to create jobs for more than 4 million unemployed people in the U.S.

1939 - "Life With Father" premiered on Broadway in New York City.

1942 - The U.S. invaded Morocco and Algeria.

1942 - During World War II, Operation Torch began as U.S. and British forces landed in French North Africa.

1950 - During the Korean conflict, the first jet-plane battle took place as U.S. Air Force Lt. Russell J. Brown shot down a North Korean MiG-15.

1954 - The American League approved the transfer of the Philadelphia Athletics baseball team to Kansas City, MO.

1956 - After turning down 18,000 names, the Ford Motor Company decided to name their new car the "Edsel," after Henry Ford's only son.

1959 - Elgin Baylor of the Minneapolis Lakers, scored 64 points and set a National Basketball Association scoring record.

1965 - The soap opera "Days of Our Lives" debuted on NBC-TV.

1966 - Edward W. Brooke of Massachusetts became the first African-American elected to the U.S. Senate by popular vote.

1966 - Ronald Reagan was elected governor of California.

1979 - The program, "The Iran Crisis: America Held Hostage", premiered on ABC-TV. The show was planned to be temporary, but it evolved into "Nightline" in March of 1980.

1979 - U.S. Senators John Warner (R-VA) and Mac Mathias (R-MD) introduced legislation to provide a site on the National Mall for the building of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.

1980 - Scientists at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California announced that they had discovered a 15th moon orbiting the planet Saturn.

1981 - Egyptian President Hosni Mubarek asserted that Egypt was "an African State" that was "neither East nor West".

1985 - A letter signed by four American hostages in Lebanon was delivered to The Associated Press in Beirut. The letter, contained pleas from Terry Anderson, Rev. Lawrence Jenco, David Jacobsen and Thomas Sutherland to President Reagan to negotiate a release.

1986 - Vyacheslav M. Molotov died at age 96. During World War II, Molotov ordered the mass production of bottles filled with flammable liquid later called the "Molotov cocktail."

1987 - A bomb planted by the Irish Republican Army exploded in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, at a ceremony honoring Britain's war dead. Eleven people were killed.

1990 - U.S. President H.W. Bush ordered more troop deployments in the Persian Gulf, adding about 150,000 soldiers to the multi-national force fighting against Iraq.

1991 - The European Community and Canada imposed economic sanctions on Yugoslavia in an attempt to stop the Balkan civil war.

1992 - About 350,000 people rallied in Berlin against racist violence.

1993 - Five Picasso paintings and other artwork were stolen from the Museum of Modern Art in Stockholm, Sweden. The works were valued at $52 million.

1997 - Chinese engineers diverted the Yangtze River to make way for the Three Gorges Dam.

2000 - In Florida, a statewide recount began to decide the winner of the 2000 U.S. presidential election.

2000 - Waco special counsel John C. Danforth released his final report that absolved the government of wrongdoing in the 1993 seige of the Branch Davidian compound in Texas.

2001 - The "Homage to Van Gogh: International Artists Pay Tribute to a Legend" exhibit opened at the Appleton Museum of Art in Florida.

 

[minidog]

1857 - The "Atlantic Monthly" first appeared on newsstands and featured the first installment of "The Autocrat of the Breakfast Table" by Oliver Wendell Holmes.

1872 - A fire destroyed about 800 buildings in Boston, MA.

1906 - U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt left for Panama to see the progress on the new canal. It was the first foreign trip by a U.S. president.

1911 - George Claude of Paris, France, applied for a patent on neon advertising signs.

1918 - Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm II announced he would abdicate. He then fled to the Netherlands.

1923 - In Munich, the Beer Hall Putsch was crushed by German troops that were loyal to the democratic government. The event began the evening before when Adolf Hitler took control of a beer hall full of Bavarian government leaders at gunpoint.

1935 - United Mine Workers president John L. Lewis and other labor leaders formed the Committee for Industrial Organization.

1938 - Nazi troops and sympathizers destroyed and looted 7,500 Jewish businesses, burned 267 synagogues, killed 91 Jews, and rounded up over 25,000 Jewish men in an event that became known as Kristallnacht or "Night of Broken Glass."

1953 - The U.S. Supreme Court upheld a 1922 ruling that major league baseball did not come within the scope of federal antitrust laws.

1961 - Major Robert White flew an X-15 rocket plane at a world record speed of 4,093 mph.

1961 - The Professional Golfer's Association (PGA) eliminated its "caucasians only" rule.

1963 - In Japan, about 450 miners were killed in a coal-dust explosion.

1963 - In Japan, 160 people died in a train crash.

1965 - The great Northeast blackout occurred as several states and parts of Canada were hit by a series of power failures lasting up to 13 1/2 hours.

1967 - A Saturn V rocket carrying an unmanned Apollo spacecraft blasted off from Cape Kennedy on a successful test flight.

1976 - The U.N. General Assembly approved ten resolutions condemning the apartheid government in South Africa.

1979 - The United Nations Security Council unanimously called upon Iran to release all American hostages "without delay." Militants, mostly students had taken 63 Americans hostage at the U.S. embassy in Tehran, Iran, on November 4.

1981 - U.S. troops began arriving in Egypt for a three-week Rapid Deployment Force excercise. Somalia, Sudan and Oman were also involved in the operation.

1981 - The Internation Monetary Fund approved a $5.8 billion load to India. It was the highest loan to date.

1982 - Sugar Ray Leonard retired from boxing. In 1984 Leonard came out of retirement to fight one more time before becoming a boxing commentator for NBC.

1984 - A bronze statue titled "Three Servicemen," by Frederick Hart, was unveiled at the site of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.

1989 - Communist East Germany opened its borders, allowing its citizens to travel freely to West Germany.

1990 - Soviet President Mikhail S. Gorbachev signed a non-aggression treaty with Germany.

1992 - Russian President Boris Yeltsin, visiting London, appealed for assistance in rescheduling his country's debt, and asked British businesses to invest.

1997 - Barry Sanders (Detroit Lions) became the first player in NFL history to rush for over 1,000 yards in nine straight seasons. In the same game Sanders passed former Dallas Cowboy Tony Dorsett for third place on the all-time rushing list.

1998 - A federal judge in New York approved the richest antitrust settlement in U.S. history. A leading brokerage firm was ordered to pay $1.03 billion to investors who had sued over price-rigging of Nasdaq stocks.

1998 - PBS aired its documentary special "Chihuly Over Venice."

2004 - U.S. First Lady Laura Bush officially reopened Pennsylvania Avenue in front of the White House to pedestrians.

 

[minidog]

1775 - The U.S. Marines were organized under authority of the Continental Congress. The Marines went out of existence after the end of the Revolutionary War in April of 1783. The Marine Corps were formally re-established on July 11, 1798. This day is observed as the birth date of the United States Marine Corps.

1801 - The U.S. state of Tennessee outlawed the practice of dueling.

1871 - Henry M. Stanley, journalist and explorer, found David Livingstone. Livingston was a missing Scottish missionary in central Africa. Stanley delivered his famous greeting: "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?"

1879 - Western Union and the National Bell Telephone Company reached a settlement over various telephone patents.

1917 - 41 suffragists were arrested in front of the White House.

1919 - The American Legion held its first national convention, in Minneapolis, MN.

1928 - Michinomiya Hirohito was enthroned as Emperor of Japan.

1951 - Direct-dial, coast-to-coast telephone service began when Mayor M. Leslie Denning of Englewood, NJ, called his counterpart in Alameda, CA.

1954 - The Iwo Jima Memorial was dedicated in Arlington, VA.

1957 - 102,368 people attended the San Francisco 49ers and Los Angeles Rams game. The crowd was the largest regular-season crowd in NFL history.

1969 - "Sesame Street" made its debut on PBS.

1970 - The Great Wall of China opened for tourism.

1975 - The U.N. General Assembly approved a resolution that equated Zionism with racism. The resolution was repealed in December of 1991.

1975 - The Edmund Fitzgerald, an ore-hauling ship, and its crew of 29 vanished during a storm in Lake Superior.

1976 - The Utah Supreme Court gave approval for Gary Gilmore to be executed, according to his wishes. The convicted murderer was put to death the following January.

1977 - The Major Indoor Soccer League was officially organized in New York City.

1980 - CBS News anchor Dan Rather claimed he had been kidnapped in a cab. It turned out that Rather had refused to pay the cab fare.

1982 - Soviet leader Leonid I. Brezhnev died of a heart attack at age 75. He was suceeded by Yuri V. Andropov.

1982 - In Washington, DC, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial was opened to visitors.

1984 - The U.S. Postal Service issued a commemorative stamp of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.

1986 - Camille Sontag and Marcel Coudari, two Frenchmen were released by the captors that held them in Lebanon.

1988 - The U.S. Department of Energy announced that Texas would be the home of the atom-smashing super-collider. The project was cancelled by a vote of the U.S. Congress in Oct. 1993.

1990 - Chandra Shekhar was sworn in as India's new prime minister.

1991 - Robert Maxwell was buried in Israel, five days after his body was recovered off the Canary Islands.

1993 - John Wayne Bobbitt was acquitted on the charge of marital sexual assault against his wife who sexually mutilated him. Lorena Bobbitt was later acquitted of malicious wounding her husband.

1993 - The U.S. House of Representatives passed the Brady Bill, which called for a five-day waiting period for handgun purchases.

1994 - U.S. officials that it planned to stop enforcing the arms embargo against the Bosnian government the following week. The U.N. Security Council was opposed to lifting the ban.

1994 - Iraq recognized Kuwait's borders in the hope that the action would end trade sanctions.

1995 - Nigeria's military rulers hanged playwright Ken Saro-Wiwa along with several other anti-government activists.

1995 - In Katmandu, Nepal, searchers rescued 549 hikers after a massive avalanche struck the Himalayan foothills. The disaster left 24 tourists and 32 Nepalese dead.

1996 - Dan Marino (Miami Dolphins) became the first quarterback in NFL history to pass for more than 50,000 yards.

1997 - WorldCom Inc. acquired MCI Communication Corporation. It was the largest merger in U.S. history valued at $37 billion.

1997 - A jury in Virginia convicted Mir Aimal Kasi of the murder of two CIA employees in 1993.

1997 - A judge in Cambridge, MA, reduced Louise Woodward's murder conviction to manslaughter and sentenced the English au pair to time served. She had served 279 days in the death of 8-month-old Matthew Eappen.

1998 - At the White House, U.S. Vice President Al Gore unveiled "The Virtual Wall" website (www.thevirtualwall.org) that enables visitors to experience The Wall through the Internet.

1999 - Ted Danson received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

2001 - The World Trade Organization approved China's membership.

2001 - The musical "Lady Diana - A Smile Charms the World" opened in Germany.

2004 - Yusuf Islam (formerly known as Cat Stevens) was awarded the "Man for Peace" prize in Rome at the opening of a meeting of Nobel Peace Prize laureates.

 

[minidog]

1620 - The Mayflower Compact was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower when they landed in what is now Provincetown Harbor near Cape Cod. The compact called for "just and equal laws.

1831 - Nat Turner, a slave and educated minister, was hanged in Jerusalem, VA, after inciting a violent slave uprising.

1851 - The telescope was patented by Alvan Clark.

1868 - The first indoor amateur track and field meet was held by the New York Athletic Club.

1880 - Australian outlaw and bank robber Ned Kelly was hanged at the Melbourne jail at age 25.

1887 - Labor Activists were hanged in Illinois after being convicted of being connected to a bombing that killed eight police officers.

1889 - Washington became the 42nd state of the United States.

1918 - World War I came to an end when the Allies and Germany signed an armistice. This day became recognized as Veteran's Day in the United States.

1918 - Poland was reestablished shortly after the surrender of Germnay.

1920 - The body of an unknown British soldier was buried in Westminster Abbey. The service was recorded with the first electronic recording process developed by Lionel Guest and H.O. Merriman.

1921 - The Tomb of the Unknowns was dedicated at Arlington Cemetery in Virginia by U.S. President Harding.

1938 - Kate Smith first sang Irving Berlin's "God Bless America" on network radio.

1940 - The Jeep made its debut.

1942 - During World War II, Germany completed its occupation of France.

1946 - The New York Knickerbockers (now the Knicks) played their first game at Madison Square Garden.

1952 - The first video recorder was demonstrated by John Mullin and Wayne Johnson in Beverly Hills, CA.

1965 - The government of Rhodesia declared its independence from Britain. The country later became known as Zimbabwe.

1965 - Walt Disney announced a project in Florida.
Disney movies, music and books

1966 - The U.S. launched Gemini 12 from Cape Kennedy, FL. The craft circled the Earth 59 times before returning.

1972 - The U.S. Army turned over its base at Long Bihn to the South Vietnamese army. The event symbolized the end of direct involvement in the Vietnam War by the U.S. military.

1975 - Civil war broke out when Angola gained independence from Portugal.

1981 - Stuntman Dan Goodwin scaled the outside of the 100-story John Hancock Center in Chicago in about six hours.

1981 - The U.S.S. Ohio was commissioned at the Electric Boat Division in Groton, CT. It was the first Trident class submarine.

1984 - The Reverend Martin Luther King Sr. died in Atlanta at age 84.

1984 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan accepted the Vietnam Veterans Memorial as a gift to the nation from the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund.

1984 - Gary Coleman, at age 13, underwent his second kidney transplant in Los Angeles. He had his first transplant at age 5.

1986 - Sperry Rand and Burroughs merged to form "Unisys," becoming the second largest computer company.

1987 - Vincent Van Gogh's "Irises" was sold for a then record 53.9 million dollars in New York.

1988 - Police in Sacramento, CA, found the first of seven bodies buried on the grounds of a boardinghouse. Dorothea Puente was later charged in the deaths of nine people, convicted of three murders and sentenced to life in prison.

1990 - Stormie Jones, the world's first heart-liver transplant recipient, died at a Pittsburgh hospital at age 13.

1991 - The U.S. stationed its first diplomat in Cambodia in 16 years to help the nation arrange democratic elections.

1992 - Russian President Boris Yeltsin told U.S. senators in a letter that Americans had been held in prison camps after World War II. Some were "summarily executed," but others were still living in his country voluntarily.

1992 - The Church of England voted to ordain women as priests.

1993 - Walt Disney Co. announced plans to build a U.S. history theme park in a Virginia suburb of Washington. The plan was halted later due to local opposition.
Disney movies, music and books

1993 - In Washington, DC, the Vietnam Women's Memorial was dedicated to honor the more than 11,000 women who had served in the Vietnam War.

1994 - In Gaza, a suicide bomber detonated his explosives at an Israeli military checkpoint killing three soldiers.

1996 - The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund unveiled "The Wall That Heals." The work was a half-scale replica of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial that would tour communities throughout the United States.

1997 - The Eastman Kodak Company announced that they were laying off 10,000 employees.

1997 - Roger Clemens (Toronto Blue Jays) became the third major league player to win the Cy Young Award four times.

1998 - Jay Cochrane set a record for the longest blindfolded skywalk. He walked on a tightrope between the towers of the Flamingo Hilton in Las Vegas, NV. The towers are 600 feet apart.

1998 - Vincente Fernandez received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

1998 - Israel's Cabinet ratified a land-for-peace agreement with the Palestinians.

2002 - Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates pledged $100 million to fight AIDS in India.

 

[minidog]

1799 - Andrew Ellicott Douglass witnesses the Leonids meteor shower from a ship off the Florida Keys.

1815 - American suffragist Elizabeth Cady Stanton was born in Johnstown, NY.

1840 - Sculptor Auguste Rodin was born in Paris. His most widely known works are "The Kiss" and "The Thinker."

1859 - The first flying trapeze act was performed by Jules Leotard at Cirque Napoleon in Paris, France. He was also the designer of the garment that is named after him.

1892 - William "Pudge" Heffelfinger became the first professional football player when he was paid a $500 bonus for helping the Allegheny Athletic Association beat the Pittsburgh Athletic Club.

1915 - Theodore W. Richards, of Harvard University, became the first American to be awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry.

1918 - Austria and Czechoslovakia were declared independent republics.

1920 - Judge Keneshaw Mountain Landis was elected the first commissioner of the American and National Leagues.

1921 - Representatives of nine nations gathered for the start of the Washington Conference for Limitation of Armaments.

1927 - Joseph Stalin became the undisputed ruler of the Soviet Union. Leon Trotsky was expelled from the Communist Party leading to Stalin coming to power.

1931 - Maple Leaf Gardens opened in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was to be the new home of the Toronto Maple Leafs in the National Hockey League (NHL).

1933 - In Philadelphia, the first Sunday football game was played.

1940 - Walt Disney released "Fantasia."
Disney movies, music and books

1942 - During World War II, naval battle of Guadalcanal began between Japanese and American forces. The Americans won a major victory.

1944 - During World War II, the German battleship "Tirpitz" was sunk off the coast of Norway.

1946 - The first drive-up banking facility opened at the Exchange National Bank in Chicago, IL.

1948 - The war crimes tribunal sentenced Japanese Premier Hideki Tojo and six other World War II Japanese leaders to death.

1953 - The National Football League (NFL) policy of blacking out home games was upheld by Judge Allan K. Grim of the U.S. District Court in Philadelphia.

1954 - Ellis Island, the immigration station in New York Harbor, closed after processing more than 20 million immigrants since 1892.

1964 - Paula Murphy set the female land speed record 226.37 MPH.

1972 - Don Shula, coach of the Miami Dolphins, became the first NFL head coach to win 100 regular season games in 10 seasons.

1975 - U.S. Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas retired because of failing health, ending a record 36½-year term.

1979 - U.S. President Carter ordered a halt to all oil imports from Iran in response to 63 Americans being taken hostage at the U.S. embassy in Tehran, Iran on November 4.

1980 - The U.S. space probe Voyager I came within 77,000 miles of Saturn while transmitting data back to Earth.

1982 - Yuri V. Andropov was elected to succeed the late Leonid I. Brezhnev as general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee.

1984 - Space shuttle astronauts Dale Gardner and Joe Allen snared the Palapa B-2 satellite in history's first space salvage.

1985 - In Norfolk, VA, Arthur James Walker was sentenced to life in prison for his role in a spy ring run by his brother, John A. Walker Jr.

1987 - The American Medical Association issued a policy statement that said it was unethical for a doctor to refuse to treat someone solely because that person had AIDS or was HIV-positive.

1990 - Japanese Emperor Akihito formally assumed the Chrysanthemum Throne.

1991 - In the U.S., Robert Gates was sworn in as CIA director.

1995 - The space shuttle Atlantis blasted off on a mission to dock with the Russian space station Mir.

1997 - Four Americans and their Pakistani driver were shot to death in Karachi, Pakistan. The Americans were oil company employees.

1997 - The UN Security Council imposed new sanctions on Iraq for constraints being placed on UN arms inspectors.

1997 - Ramzi Yousef was found guilty of masterminding the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center.

1998 - Daimler-Benz completed a merger with Chrysler to form Daimler-Chrysler AG.

2001 - American Airlines flight 587 crashed just minutes after take off from Kennedy Airport in New York. The Airbus A300 crashed into the Rockaway Beach section of Queens. All 260 people aboard were killed.

2001 - It was reported that the Northern Alliance had taken the Kabul, Afghanistan, from the ruling Taliban. The Norther Alliance at this point was reported to have control over most of the northern areas of Afghanistan.

2002 - Stan Lee filed a lawsuit against Marvel Entertainment Inc. that claimed the company had cheated him out of millions of dollars in movie profits related to the 2002 movie "Spider-Man." Lee was the creator of Spider-Man, the Incredible Hulk and Daredevil.

 

[minidog]

1775 - During the American Revolution, U.S. forces captured Montreal.

1789 - Benjamin Franklin wrote a letter to a friend in which he said, "In this world nothing can be said to be certain, except death and taxes."

1805 - Johann George Lehner, a Viennese butcher, invented a recipe and called it the "frankfurter."

1850 - Robert Louis Stevenson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland. He is best known for Treasure Island and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.

1909 - 250 miners were killed in a fire and explosion at the St. Paul Mine at Cherry, IL.

1927 - The Holland Tunnel opened to the public, providing access between New York City and New Jersey beneath the Hudson River.

1933 - In Austin, MN, the first sit-down labor strike in America took place.

1940 - The Walt Disney movie "Fantasia" had its world premiere at New York's Broadway Theater.
Disney movies, music and books

1942 - U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a measure lowering the minimum draft age from 21 to 18.

1956 - The U.S. Supreme Court struck down laws calling for racial segregation on public buses.

1971 - The U.S. spacecraft Mariner 9 became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet, Mars.

1977 - The comic strip "Li'l Abner" by Al Capp appeared in newspapers for the last time.

1982 - The Vietnam Veterans Memorial was dedicated in Washington, DC.

1984 - A libel suit against Time, Inc. by former Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon went to trial in New York.

1985 - About 23,000 residents of Armero, Colombia, died when a gigantic mudslide buried the city. The slide was triggered by a mild eruption of the Nevado del Ruiz volcano.

1986 - U.S. President Ronald Reagan publicly acknowledged that the U.S. had sent "defensive weapons and spare parts" to Iran. He denied that the shipments were sent to free hostages, but that they had been sent to improve relations.

1991 - Roger Clemens won his third Cy Young Award for the American League.

1994 - In San Francisco, CA, a heavily armed gunman traded fire with police, hitting two police officers, a paramedic and another person before being killed.

1994 - Sweden voted to join the European Union.

1995 - Greg Maddox (Atlanta Braves) became the first major league pitcher to win four consecutive Cy Young Awards.

1995 - Seven people, including five Americans are killed in a car bomb attack at a U.S. military headquarters in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

1997 - Iraq expelled six U.N. arms inspectors that were U.S. citizens.

1998 - "The Wizard of Oz" was released on the big screen by Warner Bros. 59 years after its original release.

1998 - Monica Lewinsky signed a deal with St. Martin's Press for the North American rights to her story about her affair with U.S. President Bill Clinton.

1998 - U.S. President Clinton agreed to pay Paula Jones $850,000, without an apology or admission of guilt, to throw out her sexual harassment lawsuit.

2001 - U.S. President George W. Bush signed an executive order that would allow for military tribunals to try any foreigners captured with connections to the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001. It was the first time since World War II that a president had taken such action.

2009 - NASA announced that water had been discoved on the moon. The discovery came from the planned impact on the moon of the Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite (LCROSS).

 

[minidog]

1832 - The first streetcar went into operation in New York City, NY. The vehicle was horse-drawn and had room for 30 people.

1851 - Herman Melville's novel "Moby Dick" was first published in the U.S.

1881 - Charles J. Guiteau's trial began for the assassination of U.S. President Garfield. Guiteau was convicted and hanged the following year.

1889 - New York World reporter Nellie Bly (Elizabeth Cochrane) began an attempt to surpass the fictitious journey of Jules Verne's Phileas Fogg by traveling around the world in less than 80 days. Bly succeeded by finishing the journey the following January in 72 days, 6 hours and 11 minutes.

1922 - The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) began domestic radio service.

1935 - U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt proclaimed the Philippine Islands a free commonwealth after its new constitution was approved. The Tydings-McDuffie Act planned for the Phillipines to be completely independent by July 4, 1946.

1940 - During World War II, German war planes destroyed most of the English town of Coventry when about 500 Luftwaffe bombers attacked.

1943 - Ernie Nevers of the St. Louis Cardinals became the first professional football player to score six touchdowns in a single game.

1956 - The USSR crushed the Hungarian uprising.

1968 - Yale University announced it was going co-educational.

1969 - Apollo 12 blasted off for the moon from Cape Kennedy, FL.

1969 - During the Vietnam War, Major General Bruno Arthur Hochmuth, commander of the Third Marine Division, became the first general to be killed in Vietnam by enemy fire.

1972 - The Dow Jones Industrial Average closed above the 1,000 (1,003.16) level for the first time.

1972 - Blue Ribbon Sports became Nike.

1973 - Britain's Princess Anne married a commoner, Capt. Mark Phillips, in Westminster Abbey. They divorced in 1992, and Princess Anne re-married.

1979 - U.S. President Carter froze all Iranian assets in the United States and U.S. banks abroad in response to the taking of 63 American hostages at the U.S. embassy in Tehran, Iran.

1983 - The British government announced that U.S.-made cruise missiles had arrived at the Greenham Common air base amid protests.

1986 - The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission imposed a record $100 million penalty against Ivan F. Boesky for insider-trading and barred him from working again in the securities industry.

1987 - In the lobby of Beirut's American University Hospital a bomb hidden in a box of chocolates exploded. Seven people were killed including the woman carrying the box.

1988 - Israeli President Chaim Herzog formally asked Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir to form a new government.

1989 - The U.S. Navy ordered an unprecedented 48-hour stand-down in the wake of a recent string of serious accidents.

1990 - Simon and Schuster announced it had dropped plans to publish Bret Easton Ellis novel "American Psycho."

1991 - U.S. and British authorities announced indictments against two Libyan intelligence officials in connection with the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.

1991 - Thomas McIlvane fatally shot four workers at the Royal Oak, MI, Post Office before killing himself. He had been fired from the location.

1991 - After 13 years in exile Cambodian Prince Norodom Sihanouk returned to his homeland.

1994 - U.S. experts visited North Korea's main nuclear complex for the first time under an accord that opened such sites to outside inspections.

1995 - The U.S. government instituted a partial shutdown, closing national parks and museums while most government offices operated with skeleton crews.

1998 - Carmen Electra and Dennis Rodman were married in Las Vegas, NV.

 

[minidog]

1777 - The Continental Congress approved the Articles of Confederation, precursor to the U.S. Constitution.

1806 - Explorer Zebulon Pike spotted the mountaintop that became known as Pikes Peak.

1889 - Brazil's monarchy was overthrown.

1901 - Miller Reese patented an electrical hearing aid.

1902 - Anarchist Gennaro Rubin failed in his attempt to murder King Leopold II of Belgium.

1920 - The League of Nations met for the first time in Geneva, Switzerland.

1926 - The National Broadcasting Co. (NBC) debuted with a radio network of 24 stations. The first network radio broadcast was a four-hour "spectacular."

1939 - U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt laid the cornerstone of the Jefferson Memorial in Washington, DC.

1940 - The first 75,000 men were called to Armed Forces duty under peacetime conscription.

1965 - The Soviet probe, Venera 3, was launched from Baikonur, Kazakhstan. On March 1, 1966, it became the first unmanned spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet when it crashed on Venus.

1966 - The flight of Gemini 12 ended successfully as astronauts James A. Lovell and Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin Jr. splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean.

1969 - In Washington, DC, a quarter of a million protesters staged a peaceful demonstration against the Vietnam War.

1985 - Britain and Ireland signed an accord giving Dublin an official consultative role in governing Northern Ireland.

1986 - A government tribunal in Nicaragua convicted American Eugene Hasenfus of charges related to his role in delivering arms to Contra rebels. He was sentenced to 30 years in prison and was pardoned a month later.

1986 - Ivan F. Boesky, reputed to be the highest-paid person on Wall Street, faced penalties of $100 million for insider stock trading. It was the highest penalty ever imposed by the SEC.

1988 - The Palestine National Council, the legislative body of the PLO, proclaimed the establishment of an independent Palestinian state at the close of a four-day conference in Algiers.

1992 - Richard Petty drove in the final race of his 35-year career.

1993 - A judge in Mineola, NY, sentenced Joey Buttafuoco to six months in jail for the statutory rape of Amy Fisher. Fisher was serving a prison sentence for shooting and wounding Buttafuoco's wife, Mary Jo.

1995 - Texaco agreed to pay $176 million to settle a race-discrimination lawsuit.

1999 - Representatives from China and the United States signed a major trade agreement that involved China's membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO).

2000 - Three police officers from the Rampart division of the Los Angeles police department were convicted on several counts of conspiracy to obstruct justice. One other officer was acquitted. The case was the first major case against the anti-gang unit.

2005 - In Amiens, France, Isabelle Dinoire became the first person to undergo a partial face transplant. She had been attacked by a dog earlier in the year.

2006 - Andy Warhol's painting of Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong sold for $17.4 million. At the same auction "Orange Marilyn" sold for $16.2 million and "Sixteen Jackies" sold for $15.6 million.

 

[minidog]

1776 - British troops captured Fort Washington during the American Revolution.

1864 - Union Gen. William T. Sherman and his troops began their "March to the Sea" during the U.S. Civil War.

1885 - Canadian rebel Louis Riel was executed for high treason.

1907 - Oklahoma was admitted as the 46th state.

1915 - Coca-Cola had its prototype for a countoured bottle patented. The bottle made its commercial debut the next year.

1933 - The United States and the Soviet Union established diplomatic relations for the first time.

1952 - In the Peanuts comic strip, Lucy first held a football for Charlie Brown.

1957 - Jim Brown (Cleveland Browns) set an NFL season rushing record of 1163 yards after only eight games.

1966 - Dr. Samuel H. Sheppard was acquitted in his second trial of charges he had murdered his pregnant wife, Marilyn, in 1954.

1969 - The U.S. Army announced that several had been charged with massacre and the subsequent cover-up in the My Lai massacre in Vietnam on March 16, 1968.

1973 - Skylab 3 carrying a crew of three astronauts, was launched from Cape Canaveral, FL, on an 84-day mission.

1973 - U.S. President Nixon signed the Alaska Pipeline measure into law.

1981 - A vaccine for hepatitis B was approved. The vaccine had been developed at Merck Institute for Therapeutic Research.

1982 - An agreement was announced on the 57th day of a strike by National Football League (NFL) players.

1985 - Colonel Oliver North was put in charge of the shipment of HAWK anti-aircraft missiles to Iran.

1988 - Estonia's parliament declared that the Baltic republic "sovereign," but stopped short of complete independence.

1994 - Major League Soccer announced that it would start its inaugural season in 1996.

1997 - China released Wei Jingsheng, a pro-democracy dissident from jail for medical reasons. He had been incarcerated for almost 18 years.

1998 - In Burlington, Wisconsin, five high school students, aged 15 to 16, were arrested in an alleged plot to kill a carefully selected group of teachers and students.

1998 - It was announced that Monica Lewinsky had signed a deal for the North American rights to a book about her affair with U.S. President Clinton.

1998 - The U.S. Supreme Court said that union members could file discrimination lawsuits against employers even when labor contracts require arbitration.

1999 - Johnny Depp received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

1999 - Chrica Adams, the pregnant girlfriend of Rae Carruth, was shot four times in her car. She died a month later from her wounds. The baby survived. Carruth was sentenced to a minimum of 18 years and 11 months in prison for his role in the murder.

2000 - Bill Clinton became the first serving U.S. president to visit Communist Vietnam.

2004 - A NASA unmanned "scramjet" (X-43A) reached a speed of nearly 10 times the speed of sound above the Pacific Ocean