Today In History

[historylover]

September 20

Events

451 – The Battle of Chalons takes place in North Eastern France. Flavius Aetius's victory over Attila the Hun in a day of combat, is considered to be the largest battle in the ancient world.
1187 – Saladin begins the Siege of Jerusalem.
1378 – Cardinal Robert of Geneva, called by some the Butcher of Cesena, is elected as Avignon Pope Clement VII, beginning the Papal schism.
1519 – Ferdinand Magellan sets sail from Sanlúcar de Barrameda with about 270 men on his expedition to circumnavigate the globe.
1596 – Diego de Montemayor founded the city of Monterrey in New Spain.
1633 – Galileo Galilei is tried before the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith for teaching that the Earth orbits the Sun.
1697 – The Treaty of Rijswijk is signed by France, England, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire and the Dutch Republic ending the Nine Years' War (1688–97).
1737 – The finish of the Walking Purchase which forces the cession of 1.2 million acres (4,860 km²) of Lenape-Delaware tribal land to the Pennsylvania Colony.
1792 – French troops stop allied invasion of France, during the War of the First Coalition at Valmy.
1835 – Farroupilha's Revolution begins in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
1848 – The American Association for the Advancement of Science is created.
1854 – Battle of Alma: British and French troops defeat Russians in the Crimea.
1857 – The Indian Rebellion of 1857 ends with the recapture of Delhi by troops loyal to the East India Company.
1860 – The Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII of the United Kingdom) visits the United States.
1863 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chickamauga ends.
1870 – Bersaglieri corps enter Rome through the Porta Pia and completes the unification of Italy; see capture of Rome.
1871 – Bishop John Coleridge Patteson martyred on the island of Nukapu, a Polynesian outlier island now in the Temotu province of the Solomon Islands. He is the first bishop of Melanesia.
1881 – Chester A. Arthur is inaugurated as the 21st President of the United States following the assassination of James Garfield.
1891 – The first gasoline-powered car debuts in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States.
1906 – Cunard Line's RMS Mauretania is launched at the Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson shipyard in Newcastle, England.
1920 – Foundation of the Spanish Legion.
1930 – Syro-Malankara Catholic Church is formed by Archbishop Mar Ivanios.
1942 – Holocaust in Letychiv, Ukraine. In the course of two days German SS murders at least 3,000 Jews.
1946 – The first Cannes Film Festival is held.
1954 – New Zealand's Special Committee on Moral Delinquency in Children and Adolescents reports just ten days after concluding hearings.
1962 – James Meredith, an African-American, is barred from entering the University of Mississippi.
1967 – The RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 is launched at John Brown & Company, Clydebank, Scotland. It is operated by the Cunard Line.
1970 – Syrian tanks roll into Jordan in response to continued fighting between Jordan and the fedayeen.
1973 – Billie Jean King beats Bobby Riggs in The Battle of the Sexes tennis match at the Houston Astrodome in Houston, Texas.
1977 – The Socialist Republic of Vietnam is admitted to the United Nations.
1979 – Lee Iacocca is elected president of the Chrysler Corporation.
1979 – A coup d'état in the Central African Empire overthrows Emperor Bokasa I.
1979 – Assassination of French left-wing militant Pierre Goldman.
1982 – The National Football League players begin a 57-day strike.
1984 – A suicide bomber in a car attacks the U.S. embassy in Beirut, Lebanon, killing twenty-two people.
1990 – South Ossetia declares its independence from Georgia.
1998 – Baltimore Orioles third baseman Cal Ripken, Jr. chooses to sit out the Orioles' game against the New York Yankees, ending his record streak for consecutive Major League Baseball games played at 2,632.
2000 – The British MI6 Secret Intelligence Service building is attacked by a Russian-built Mark 22 anti-tank missile.
2001 – In an address to a joint session of Congress and the American people, U.S. President George W. Bush declares a "war on terror".
2002 – The Kolka-Karmadon rock/ice slide started.
2003 – Maldives civil unrest: the death of prisoner Hassan Evan Naseem sparks a day of rioting in Malé.

Births

524 – Kan B'alam I, ruler of Maya state of Palenque (d. 583)
1486 – Arthur, Prince of Wales, son of King Henry VII of England (d. 1502)
1599 – Christian the Younger, German Protestant military leader (d. 1623)
1744 – Thomas Grosvenor, American Revolutionary War hero (d. 1825)
1746 – Móric Benyovszky Hungarian count (d. 1786)
1778 – Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, Russian naval officer and explorer (d. 1852)
1831 – Kate Harrington, American teacher, writer and poet (d. 1917)
1833 – Ernesto Teodoro Moneta, Italian pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1918)
1842 – James Dewar, Scottish chemist (d. 1923)
1844 – William H. Illingworth, American photographer (d. 1893)
1851 – Henry Arthur Jones, English writer (d. 1929)
1853 – Rama V, King of Thailand (d. 1910)
1861 – Herbert Putnam, Librarian of Congress (d. 1955)
1872 – Maurice Gamelin, French army general (d. 1958)
1873 – Sidney Olcott, Canadian film director (d. 1949)
1873 – Ferenc Szisz, Hungarian race car driver (d. 1944)
1878 – Upton Sinclair, American writer (d. 1968)
1880 – Louise Peete, American murderess (d. 1947)
1884 – Maxwell Perkins, American editor and publisher (d. 1947)
1885 – Jelly Roll Morton, American jazz pianist, bandleader and composer (d. 1941)
1886 – Charles Williams, British author (d. 1945)
1889 – Charles Reidpath, American athlete (d. 1975)
1899 – Leo Strauss, German-born philosopher (d. 1973)
1902 – Stevie Smith, British poet (d. 1971)
1911 – Shriram Sharma Acharya, Indian spiritual leader (d. 1991)
1914 – Kenneth More, English actor (d. 1982)
1916 – Malik Meraj Khalid, Former Caretaker Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 2003)
1917 – Red Auerbach, American basketball coach (d. 2006)
1917 – Fernando Rey, Spanish-born actor (d. 1994)
1917 – Don Starr, American-born actor (d. 2005)
1920 – Jay Ward, American animated cartoonist (d. 1989)
1920 – Alberto de Lacerda, Portuguese poet (d. 2007)
1922 – William Kapell, American pianist (d. 1953)
1923 – Geraldine Clinton Little, Irish-born poet (d. 1997)
1924 – Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Telugu Actor
1924 – Gogi Grant, American singer
1925 – Ananda Mahidol, King of Thailand (d. 1946)
1925 – Bobby Nunn, American singer (The Coasters) (d. 1986)
1927 – Johnny Dankworth, English musician and composer
1927 – Rachel Roberts, English actress (d. 1980)
1928 – Kirsten Rolffes, Danish actress (d. 2000)
1928 – Donald Hall, American poet and US Poet Laureate
1929 – Anne Meara, American comic and actress
1931 – Cherd Songsri, Thai filmmaker (d. 2006)
1933 – Dennis Viollet, English former footballer (d. 1999)
1934 – Sophia Loren, Italian actress
1935 – Jim Taylor, American football player
1935 – Keith Roberts, British science fiction author (d. 2000)
1935 – David Pegg, English footballer (d. 1958)
1937 – Birgitta Dahl, Swedish politician
1937 – Monica Zetterlund, Swedish actress and singer (d. 2005)
1939 – Robert L. Gerry III, American businessman
1940 – Taro Aso, Prime Minister of Japan
1941 – Dale Chihuly, American glass artist
1942 – Gérald Tremblay, Québec politician
1947 – Mia Martini, Italian singer (d. 1995)
1947 – Bruce Pasternack, American CEO
1947 – Steve Gerber, American comics writer (d. 2008)
1948 – George R. R. Martin, American writer
1948 – Chuck Panozzo and John Panozzo (d. 1996), American musicians (Styx)
1949 – Mahesh Bhatt. Indian film director
1949 – Anthony Denison, American actor
1949 – John W. Henry, American MLB team owner
1951 – Guy Lafleur, Canadian ice hockey player
1951 – Javier Marías, Spanish author, translator and academic
1954 – Henry Samueli, American NHL team owner
1956 – Gary Cole, American actor
1957 – Alannah Currie, New Zealander musician (Thompson Twins)
1957 – Rich DiSilvio, American new media developer & artist
1958 – Arn Anderson, American wrestler
1959 – Danny Devos, Belgian artist
1960 – Deborah Roberts, American journalist and TV reporter
1961 – Lisa Bloom, American lawyer and television personality
1964 – Maggie Cheung, Hong Kong actress
1965 – Robert Rusler, American actor
1966 – Nuno Bettencourt, Portuguese rock musician
1967 – Martin Harrison, American football player
1967 – Kristen Johnston, American actress
1967 – Gunnar and Matthew Nelson, American musicians (Nelson)
1968 – Leah Pinsent, Canadian actress
1968 – Darrell Russell, American race car driver (d. 2004)
1968 – Tim Rogers, Australian singer / songwriter
1968 – Vik Foxx, American rock musician
1969 – Victoria Dillard, American actress
1969 – Megumi Kudo, Japanese pro-wrestler
1969 – Richard Witschge, former Dutch footballer
1971 – Henrik Larsson, Swedish footballer
1971 – Masashi Hamauzu, Japanese composer
1971 – Todd Blackadder, New Zealand rugby player
1971 – Dominika Peczynski, Swedish singer (Army of Lovers)
1973 – Ronald McKinnon, American football player
1974 – Michael Waddington, American defense lawyer
1975 – Asia Argento, Italian actress
1975 – Moon Bloodgood, American actress
1975 – Juan Pablo Montoya, Colombian race car driver
1976 – Yo Hitoto, Japanese pop singer
1976 – Yui Horie, Japanese seiyuu
1976 – Enuka Okuma, Canadian actress
1976 – Reuben Singh, British entrepreneur
1977 – Namie Amuro, Japanese pop singer
1978 – Jason Bay, Canadian baseball player
1978 – Patrizio Buanne, Italian singer
1978 – Sarit Hadad, Israeli singer
1978 – T.J. Tucker, American baseball player
1978 – Dante Hall, American football player
1979 – Sean Davis, English footballer
1980 – Mariacarla Boscono, Italian fashion model
1980 – Jonathan Le Billon, British actor
1980 – Vladimir Karpets, Russian cyclist
1981 – Joanie Dodds, America's Next Top Model contestant
1981 – Feliciano López, Spanish tennis player
1981 – Jordan Tata, American baseball player
1983 – Yuna Ito, Japanese singer and actress
1983 – Ángel Sánchez, Puerto Rican baseball player
1985 – David Allen, American composer and writer
1987 – Jack Lawless, American drummer for the Jonas Brothers
1990 – John Tavares, Canadian ice hockey player
1990 – Marilou, Quebec pop singer
1991 – Spencer Locke, American actress
1995 – Sammi Hanratty, American actress

Deaths

1246 – Mikhail of Chernigov, ruler of Kiev (b. 1185)
1384 – King Louis I of Naples (b. 1339)
1460 – Gilles Binchois, Flemish composer (b. 1400)
1586 – Chidiock Tichborne, English conspirator and poet (executed) (b. 1558)
1586 – John Ballard, English Jesuit priest and conspirator (executed)
1590 – Lodovico Agostini, Italian composer (b. 1534)
1625 – Heinrich Meibom, German historian and critic (b. 1555)
1627 – Jan Gruter, Dutch critic (b. 1560)
1630 – Claudio Saracini, Italian composer (b. 1586)
1639 – Johannes Meursius, Dutch classical scholar (b. 1579)
1643 – Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland, English politician and writer (b. 1610)
1721 – Thomas Doggett, Irish actor (b. 1640)
1803 – Robert Emmet, Irish patriot (b. 1780)
1810 – Mir Taqi Mir Urdu poet (b. 1723)
1815 – Nicolas Desmarest, French geologist (b. 1725)
1839 – Sir Thomas Hardy, Nelson's flag-captain on Victory (b.1769)
1852 – Philander Chase, American university founder (b. 1775)
1863 – Jacob Grimm, German writer and folklorist (b. 1785)
1884 – Leopold Fitzinger, Austrian zoologist (b. 1802)
1898 – Theodor Fontane, German writer (b. 1819)
1906 – Robert R. Hitt, American politician (b. 1834)
1908 – Pablo de Sarasate, Spanish violinist and composer (b. 1844)
1932 – Wovoka, Paiute visionary and founder of the Ghost Dance movement (b. 1856)
1933 – Annie Besant, women's rights activist (b. 1847)
1939 – Paul Bruchési, French Canadian Catholic archbishop of Montreal (b. 1855)
1945 – William Buehler Seabrook, Writer, journalist, occultist and explorer (b. 1884)
1945 – Augusto Tasso Fragoso, Brazilian president (b. 1869)
1945 – Eduard Wirths, Nazi physician at Auschwitz concentration camp (b. 1909)
1946 – Raimu, French actor (b. 1883)
1947 – Fiorello La Guardia, Mayor of New York City (b. 1882)
1957 – Jean Sibelius, Finnish composer (b. 1865)
1971 – Giorgos Seferis, Greek poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1900)
1973 – Jim Croce, American singer and songwriter (b. 1943)
1975 – Saint-John Perse, French diplomat and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
1979 – Ludvík Svoboda, President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1895)
1980 – Sanpei Hayashiya, Japanese comedian (b. 1925)
1984 – Steve Goodman, American folk music singer-songwriter (b. 1948)
1987 – Michael Stewart, American playwright (b. 1924)
1989 – Richie Ginther, American racing driver (b. 1930)
1993 – Erich Hartmann, German, world's most successful fighter pilot (352 'kills') (b. 1922)
1994 – Jule Styne, American songwriter (b. 1905)
1994 – Abioseh Nicol, Sierra Leonean diplomat and noted author (b. 1924)
1996 – Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1913)
1997 – Nick Traina, American singer, Link 80 (b. 1978)
1999 – Raisa Gorbachyova, wife of Mikhail Gorbachev (b. 1932)
1999 – Robert Lebel, Quebec ice hockey administrator (b. 1905)
2000 – Gherman Titov, cosmonaut (b. 1935)
2002 – Sergei Bodrov, Jr., Russian actor (b. 1971)
2003 – Lord Williams of Mostyn, British politician (b. 1941)
2003 – Gordon Mitchell, American actor (b. 1923)
2003 – Simon Muzenda, Zimbabwe politician (b. 1922)
2004 – Brian Clough, English footballer and football manager (b. 1935)
2004 – Townsend Hoopes, American politician (b. 1922)
2005 – Simon Wiesenthal, Austrian-Jewish Nazi hunter (b. 1908)
2006 – Armin Jordan, Swiss conductor (b. 1932)
2006 – John W. Peterson, American songwriter (b. 1921)
2007 – Johnny Gavin, Irish footballer (b. 1928)

Holidays and observances

Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul only – Farroupilha's Revolution (1835)
South Ossetia celebrates its independence day.
In ancient Greece, the seventh day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, when the secret rites in the Telesterion began.
Feast day of the following saints in the Roman Catholic Church:
St Eustace
The Korean Martyrs, including Andrew Kim Taegon and Laurent-Marie-Joseph Imbert
Thomas Johnson, John Davy, and companions (martyrs).
Feast day of the following saint(s) in the Anglican Church:
John Coleridge Patteson.
Also see September 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

 

[historylover]

September 21

Events

1217 – Livonian Crusade: The Estonian tribal leader Lembitu and Livonian leader Kaupo are killed in Battle of St. Matthew's Day.
1435 – An agreement between Charles VII of France and Philip the Good ends the partnership between the England and Burgundy in Hundred Years' War.
1745 – Battle of Prestonpans: A Hanoverian army under the command of Sir John Cope is defeated, in ten minutes, by the Jacobite forces of Prince Charles Edward Stuart
1780 – American Revolutionary War: Benedict Arnold gives the British the plans to West Point.
1792 – The National Convention declares France a republic and abolishes the monarchy.
1827 – Joseph Smith, Jr. is reportedly visited by the angel Moroni, who gave him a record of gold plates, one-third of which Smith has translated into The Book of Mormon.
1860 – In the Second Opium War, an Anglo-French force defeats Chinese troops at the Battle of Baliqiao.
1896 – British force under Horatio Kitchener takes Dongola in the Sudan.
1897 – The "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus" editorial is published in the New York Sun.
1898 – Empress Dowager Cixi seizes power and ends the Hundred Days' Reform in China.
1921 – A storage silo in Oppau, Germany, explodes, killing 500-600 people.
1934 – A large typhoon hits western Honshū, Japan, killing 3,036 people.
1937 – J. R. R. Tolkien's The Hobbit is published.
1938 – The Great Hurricane of 1938 makes landfall on Long Island in New York. The death toll is estimated at 500-700 people.
1939 – Romanian Prime Minister Armand Calinescu is assassinated by ultranationalist members of the Iron Guard.
1942 – On the Jewish holiday of Yom Kippur, Nazis sent over 1,000 Jews of Pidhaytsi (west Ukraine) to Belzec extermination camp.
1942 – At the end of Yom Kippur, the Germans ordered Konstantynów Jews (Poland) to permanently evacuate Konstantynów and move to the Ghetto – established in Biała Podlaska, meant to assemble Jews from nearby 7 towns among them: Konstantynów, Janów Podlaski, Rossosz, Terespol, and 3 more.
1942 – In Dunaivtsi, Ukraine, Nazis murder 2,588 Jews.
1942 – The B-29 Superfortress makes its maiden flight.
1961 – Maiden flight of the CH-47 Chinook transportation helicopter.
1964 – Malta becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
1964 – The North American XB-70 Valkyrie, the world's first Mach 3 bomber, makes its maiden flight from Palmdale, California.
1965 – Singapore is admitted as a member of the United Nations.
1972 – Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos signs Proclamation No. 1081 placing the entire country under martial law.
1976 – Orlando Letelier is assassinated in Washington, D.C. He is a member of the Chilean socialist government of Salvador Allende, overthrown in 1973 by Augusto Pinochet.
1981 – Belize is granted full independence from the United Kingdom.
1981 – Sandra Day O'Connor is unanimously approved by the U.S. Senate as the first female Supreme Court justice.
1989 – Hurricane Hugo makes landfall in the U.S. state of South Carolina.
1991 – Armenia is granted independence from Soviet Union.
1993 – Russian President Boris Yeltsin suspends parliament and scraps the then-functioning constitution, thus triggering the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993.
1999 – Chi-Chi earthquake occurs in central Taiwan, leaving about 2,400 people dead.
2001 – Deep Space 1 flies within 2,200 km of Comet Borrelly.
2001 – AZF chemical plant explodes in Toulouse, France, killing 31 people
2003 – Galileo mission is terminated by sending the probe into Jupiter's atmosphere, where it is crushed by the pressure at the lower altitudes.
2004 – The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) People's War and the Maoist Communist Centre of India merge to form the Communist Party of India (Maoist).
2004 – Construction of the Burj Dubai starts.
2008 – Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, the two last remaining independent investment banks on Wall Street, become bank holding companies as a result of the subprime mortgage crisis.

Births

1051 – Bertha of Savoy, German queen and Holy Roman Empire Empress (d. 1087)
1328 – Hongwu Emperor of China (d. 1398)
1411 – Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, claimant to the English throne (d. 1460)
1415 – Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1493)
1428 – Jingtai Emperor of China (d. 1457)
1452 – Girolamo Savonarola, Dominican priest and ruler of Florence (d. 1498)
1559 – Cigoli, Florentine painter, architect, and sculptor (d. 1613)
1629 – Philip Cardinal Howard, English Catholic cardinal (d. 1694)
1645 – Louis Joliet, Canadian explorer (d. 1700)
1706 – Polyxena Christina of Hesse-Rotenburg, queen of Sardinia (d. 1735)
1756 – John MacAdam, Scottish engineer and road-builder (d. 1836)
1758 – Christopher Gore, 8th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1827)
1760 – Ivan Dmitriev, Russian statesman (d. 1837)
1819 – Princess Louise Marie Thérèse of France (d. 1864)
1840 – Murad V, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1904)
1842 – Abd-ul-Hamid II, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1918)
1849 – Maurice Barrymore, Indian-born patriarch of the Barrymore family (d. 1905)
1853 – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1926)
1862 – James E. Talmage, LDS apostle and author (d. 1933)
1863 – John Bunny, American film comedian (d. 1915)
1866 – H. G. Wells, English writer (d. 1946)
1866 – Charles Nicolle, French bacteriologist, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1936)
1873 – Papa Jack Laine, American musician (d. 1966)
1874 – Gustav Holst, English composer (d. 1934)
1895 – Sergei Yesenin, Russian poet (d. 1925)
1896 – Walter Breuning, American supercentenarian
1899 – Frederick Coutts, the 8th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1986)
1902 – Luis Cernuda, Spanish poet (d. 1963)
1902 – Sir Allen Lane, British founder of Penguin Books (d. 1970)
1905 – Robert Lebel, French Canadian ice hockey executive (d. 1999)
1906 – Henry Beachell, American plant breeder (d. 2006)
1909 – Kwame Nkrumah, 1st President of Ghana (d. 1972)
1912 – Chuck Jones, American animator (d. 2002)
1912 – György Sándor, Hungarian pianist (d. 2005)
1916 – Françoise Giroud, French journalist and politician (d. 2003)
1917 – Phyllis Nicolson, British mathematician (d. 1968)
1918 – John Gofman, American Manhattan Project scientist and advocate (d. 2007)
1919 – Mario Bunge, Argentine philosopher and physicist
1919 – Fazlur Rahman, Pakistani scholar (d. 1988)
1924 – Hermann Buhl, Austrian mountaineer (d. 1957)
1926 – Donald A. Glaser, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1926 – Noor Jehan, Pakistani singer and actress (d. 2000)
1929 – Sándor Kocsis, Hungarian footballer (d. 1979)
1929 – Bernard Williams, English philosopher (d. 2003)
1931 – Larry Hagman, American actor
1933 – Dick Simon, American racing driver
1934 – Leonard Cohen, Canadian singer and songwriter
1935 – Jimmy Armfield, English footballer and manager
1935 – Henry Gibson, American actor (d. 2009)
1936 – Dickey Lee, American singer and songwriter
1936 – Yuriy Luzhkov, Russian politician, mayor of Moscow
1936 – Diane Rehm, American radio talk show host for National Public Radio
1938 – Doug Moe, American basketball player and coach
1940 – Hermann Knoflacher, Austrian civil engineer
1940 – Bill Kurtis, American television journalist
1941 – Jack Brisco, American professional wrestler
1941 – R. James Woolsey, Jr., Central Intelligence Agency director
1944 – Fannie Flagg, American actress and novelist
1944 – Hamilton Jordan, U.S. President Jimmy Carter's original chief of staff (d. 2008)
1944 – Steve Beshear, Democratic Governor of Kentucky.
1945 – Jerry Bruckheimer, American film and television producer
1945 – Richard Childress, NASCAR team owner
1945 – Shaw Clifton, the 18th General of The Salvation Army
1946 – Moritz Leuenberger, Swiss Federal Councilor
1947 – Stephen King, American author
1947 – Marsha Norman, American playwright
1947 – Don Felder, American guitarist (Eagles)
1949 – Artis Gilmore, American basketball player
1950 – Charles Clarke, British politician
1950 – Bill Murray, American actor
1951 – Bruce Arena, American soccer coach
1951 – Aslan Maskhadov, Chechen rebel leader (d. 2005)
1952 – Anneliese Michel, German exorcism victim (d. 1976)
1953 – Arie Luyendyk, Dutch race car driver
1954 – Shinzo Abe, Japanese politician
1954 – Phil "Philthy Animal" Taylor, British musician (Motörhead)
1955 – Mika Kaurismäki, Finnish director
1955 – Richard Hieb, American astronaut
1956 – Jack Givens, American basketball player
1956 – Marta Kauffman, American television producer
1956 – Ricky Morton, American professional wrestler
1957 – Ethan Coen, American film director
1957 – Sidney Moncrief, American basketball player
1957 – Kevin Rudd, 26th Prime Minister of Australia
1957 – Penny Smith, English television presenter
1958 – Bruno Fitoussi, French poker player
1958 – Rick Mahorn, American basketball player
1959 – Dave Coulier, American actor
1959 – Danny Cox, American baseball player
1959 – Corinne Drewery, British singer (Swing Out Sister)
1960 – David James Elliott, Canadian actor
1961 – Nancy Travis, American actress
1962 – Rob Morrow, American actor
1963 – Curtly Ambrose, Antiguan West Indies cricketer
1963 – Cecil Fielder, American baseball player
1963 – Angus Macfadyen, Scottish actor
1964 – Jorge Drexler, Uruguayan singer and composer
1965 – Cheryl Hines, American actress
1965 – David Wenham, Australian actor
1965 – Johanna Vuoksenmaa, Finnish film director
1967 – Glen Benton, American musician (Deicide)
1967 – Faith Hill, American singer
1967 – Tyler Stewart, Canadian drummer (Barenaked Ladies)
1968 – Ricki Lake, American actress and talk show hostess
1969 – Jason Christiansen, American baseball player
1970 – John Cudia, American actor
1971 – John Crawley, English cricketer
1971 – Alfonso Ribeiro, American actor
1971 – Luke Wilson, American actor
1972 – Liam Gallagher, English singer (Oasis)
1972 – Jon Kitna, American football player
1972 – David Silveria, American drummer (KoЯn)
1972 – Scott Spiezio, American baseball player
1973 – Vanessa Grigoriadis, American journalist
1973 – Oswaldo Sanchez, Mexican footballer
1974 – Bryce Drew, American basketball player
1974 – Taral Hicks, American musician
1974 – Jana Kandarr, German tennis player
1974 – Andy Todd, English footballer
1975 – Doug Davis, American baseball player
1976 – Jonas Bjerre, Danish singer and guitarist (Mew)
1976 – Poul Hübertz, Danish footballer
1977 – Brian Tallet, American baseball player
1978 – Doug Howlett, New Zealand rugby union footballer
1979 – Richard Dunne, Irish footballer
1979 – Chris Gayle, Jamaican West Indies cricketer
1979 – Julian Gray, English footballer
1979 – Jaymee Ong, Chinese-Australian model
1980 – Robert Hoffman, American actor
1980 – Kareena Kapoor, Indian actress
1980 – Nyree Lewis, British Paralympic swimmer
1980 – Aleksa Palladino, American actress
1980 – Autumn Reeser, American actress
1980 – Tomas Scheckter, South African racing driver
1981 – Nicole Richie, American socialite
1981 – Rimi Sen, Indian actress
1981 – Meilinda Soerjoko, Indonesian-Australian actress
1982 – Eduardo Azevedo, Brazilian racing driver
1982 – Danny Kass, American snowboarder
1982 – Marat Izmailov, Russian footballer
1982 – Parvati Shallow, American reality show contestant
1982 – Rowan Vine, English footballer
1983 – Fernando Cavenaghi, Argentinian footballer
1983 – Maggie Grace, American actress
1983 – Joseph Mazzello, American actor
1983 – Anna Meares, Australian cyclist
1984 – Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, American swimmer
1985 – Maryam Hassouni, Dutch actor
1987 – Jimmy Clausen, American football player
1987 – Ashley Paris, American basketball player
1987 – Courtney Paris, American basketball player
1988 – Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, Pakistani politician
1989 – Lyn-Z Adams Hawkins, American skateboarder
1989 – Jason DeRulo, American singer and actor
1991 – Jordan Hasay, American track and field athlete

Deaths

19 BC – Virgil, Roman poet (b. 70 BC)
454 – Aëtius, Roman general (b. c.396)
1217 – Lembitu of Lehola, Estonian soldier
1327 – King Edward II of England (b. 1284)
1397 – Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, English military leader (executed) (b. 1346)
1542 – Juan Boscán Almogáver, Spanish poet
1558 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1500)
1576 – Gerolamo Cardano, Italian mathematician (b. 1501)
1586 – Antoine Perrenot de Granvelle, French church leader (b. 1517)
1626 – François de Bonne, duc de Lesdiguières, Constable of France (b. 1543)
1719 – Johann Heinrich Acker, German writer (b. 1647)
1743 – Jai Singh II, King of Amber-Juiper (b. 1688)
1748 – John Balguy, English philosopher (b. 1686)
1796 – François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers, French general (b. 1769)
1798 – George Read, American lawyer and signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1733)
1832 – Sir Walter Scott, Scottish writer (b. 1771)
1860 – Arthur Schopenhauer, German philosopher (b. 1788)
1874 – Jean-Baptiste Élie de Beaumont, French geologist (b. 1794)
1897 – Wilhelm Wattenbach, German historian (b. 1819)
1904 – Chief Joseph, Nez Perce leader (b. 1840)
1906 – Samuel Arnold, Lincoln conspirator (b. 1838)
1926 – Leon Charles Thevenin, French telegraph engineer (b. 1857)
1938 – Ivana Brlic-Mazuranic, Croatian writer (b. 1874)
1939 – Armand Călinescu, Romanian prime-minister (assassinated) (b. 1893)
1944 – Artur Phleps, German Waffen-SS officer (b. 1881)
1946 – Olga Engl, Austrian actress (b. 1871)
1948 – Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Founder of Pakistan (b. 1876)
1954 – Kokichi Mikimoto, Japanese inventor (b. 1858)
1957 – King Haakon VII of Norway (b. 1872)
1963 – Paulino Masip, Spanish playwright (b. 1899)
1966 – Paul Reynaud, French politician (b. 1878)
1971 – Bernardo Houssay, Argentine physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1887)
1972 – Henry de Montherlant, French writer (b. 1896)
1974 – Walter Brennan, American actor (b. 1894)
1974 – Jacqueline Susann, American novelist (b. 1918)
1976 – Orlando Letelier, Chilean diplomat (b. 1932)
1982 – Hovhannes Bagramyan, Soviet general (b. 1897)
1985 – Gu Long, Taiwanese writer of wuxia novels (b. 1937)
1987 – Jaco Pastorius, American bassist (b. 1951)
1988 – Glenn Robert Davis, member of United States Congress (b. 1914)
1990 – Takis Kanellopoulos, Greek film director and screenwriter (b. 1933)
1995 – Rudy Perpich, American politician (b. 1928)
1997 – Jennifer Holt, American actress (b. 1920)
1998 – Florence Griffith Joyner, American athlete (b. 1959)
2000 – Bryan Smith, Man who ran over Stephen King (b. 1957)
2002 – Robert L. Forward, American physicist and writer (b. 1932)
2004 – Barry Noble Wakeman, American naturalist and educator (b. 1939)
2004 – Bob Mason, British actor (b. 1952)
2006 – Boz Burrell, English rock musician (b. 1946)
2007 – Hallgeir Brenden, Norwegian Olympic gold medalist (b. 1929)
2007 – Alice Ghostley, American actress (b. 1926)
2007 – Rex Humbard, American television evangelist (b. 1919)

Holidays and observances

International Day of Peace
Roman Catholic Saints – Matthew the Evangelist
The Nativity of the Theotokos in Russia. Also see September 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Independence Day in Malta (1964), Belize (1981) & Armenia (1991)
Mabon – Neopagan festival of Mabon
In ancient Greece, the eighth day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, when the secret rites in the Telesterion finish and the feast, Pannychis, begins

 

[historylover]

September 22

Events

66 – Emperor Nero creates the Legion I Italica.
1236 – The Lithuanians and Semigallians defeat the Livonian Brothers of the Sword in the Battle of Saule.
1499 – Treaty of Basel: Switzerland becomes an independent state.
1586 – Battle of Zutphen: Spanish victory over England and Dutch.
1598 – Ben Jonson is indicted for manslaughter.
1692 – Last people hanged for witchcraft in the United States.
1761 – George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz are crowned King and Queen of the Great Britain.
1776 – Nathan Hale is hanged for spying during American Revolution.
1784 – Russia establishes a colony at Kodiak, Alaska.
1789 – The office of United States Postmaster General is established.
1789 – Battle of Rymnik establishes Alexander Suvorov as a pre-eminent Russian military commander after his allied army defeat superior Ottoman Empire forces.
1792 – Primidi Vendémiaire of year 1 of the French Republican Calendar.
1823 – Joseph Smith, Jr. claims that he is directed by God through the Angel Moroni to the place where the Golden plates were buried.
1851 – The city of Des Moines, Iowa is incorporated as Fort Des Moines.
1862 – Slavery in the United States: a preliminary version of the Emancipation Proclamation is released.
1866 – Battle of Curupaity in the War of the Triple Alliance.
1869 – Richard Wagner's opera Das Rheingold premieres in Munich.
1885 – Lord Randolph Churchill makes a speech in Ulster in opposition to Home Rule e.g. "Ulster will fight and Ulster will be right".
1888 – The first issue of National Geographic Magazine is published
1893 – The first American-made automobile, built by the Duryea Brothers, is displayed.
1896 – Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest reigning monarch in British history.
1908 – The independence of Bulgaria is proclaimed.
1910 – The Duke of York's Cinema opens in Brighton. It is still operating today, making it the oldest continually operating cinema in Britain.
1919 – The steel strike of 1919, led by the Amalgamated Association of Iron and Steel Workers, begins in Pennsylvania before spreading across the United States.
1927 – Jack Dempsey loses the "Long Count" boxing match to Gene Tunney.
1934 – An explosion takes place at Gresford Colliery in Wales, leading to the deaths of 266 miners and rescuers.
1937 – Spanish Civil War: Peña Blanca is taken; the end of the Battle of El Mazuco.
1939 – Joint victory parade of Wehrmacht and Red Army in Brest-Litovsk at the end of the Invasion of Poland.
1941 – World War II: On Jewish New Year Day, the German SS murder 6,000 Jews in Vinnytsya, Ukraine. Those are the survivors of the previous killings that took place a few days earlier in which about 24,000 Jews were executed.
1944 – World War II: the Red Army enters Tallinn.
1951 – The first live sporting event seen coast-to-coast in the United States, a college football game between Duke and the University of Pittsburgh, is televised on NBC.
1955 – In the United Kingdom, the television channel ITV goes live for the first time.
1960 – The Sudanese Republic is renamed Mali after the withdrawal of Senegal from the Mali Federation.
1965 – The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 (also known as the Second Kashmir War) between India and Pakistan over Kashmir, ends after the UN calls for a cease-fire.
1970 – Tunku Abdul Rahman resigns as Prime Minister of Malaysia.
1975 – Sara Jane Moore tries to assassinate U.S. President Gerald Ford, but is foiled by Oliver Sipple.
1979 – The Vela Incident (also known as the South Atlantic Flash) is observed near Bouvet Island, thought to be a nuclear weapons test.
1980 – Iraq invades Iran.
1985 – The Plaza Accord is signed in New York City.
1991 – The Dead Sea Scrolls are made available to the public for the first time by the Huntington Library.
1993 – A barge strikes a railroad bridge near Mobile, Alabama, causing the the deadliest train wreck in Amtrak history. 47 passengers are killed.
1993 – A Transair Georgian Airlines Tu-154 is shot down by a missile in Sukhumi, Georgia.
1995 – An E-3B AWACS crashes outside Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska after multiple bird strikes to two of the four engines soon after takeoff; all 24 on board are killed.
1995 – Nagerkovil school bombing, is carried out by Sri Lankan Air Force in which at least 34 die, most of them ethnic Tamil school children.
1997 – Bentalha massacre in Algeria; over 200 villagers are killed.
2003 – David Hempleman-Adams becomes the first person to cross the Atlantic Ocean in an open-air, wicker-basket hot air balloon.
2006 – The F-14 Tomcat is retired from the United States Navy.

Births

1515 – Anne of Cleves, wife of Henry VIII of England (d. 1557)
1547 – Philipp Nikodemus Frischlin, German philologist and poet (d. 1590)
1593 – Matthäus Merian, Swiss engraver (d. 1650)
1601 – Anne of Austria, queen of Louis XIII of France (d. 1666)
1606 – Li Zicheng, emperor of China (d. 1645)
1680 – Barthold Heinrich Brockes, German poet (d. 1747)
1694 – Philip Dormer Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, English statesman (d. 1773)
1715 – Jean-Étienne Guettard, French physician and scientist (d. 1786)
1717 – Pehr Wilhelm Wargentin, Swedish astronomer (d. 1783)
1722 – John Home, Scottish writer (d. 1808)
1741 – Peter Simon Pallas, German zoologist (d. 1811)
1743 – Quintin Craufurd, British author (d. 1819)
1765 – Paolo Ruffini, Italian mathematician (d. 1822)
1788 – Theodore Edward Hook, English author (d. 1841)
1791 – Michael Faraday, English scientist (d. 1867)
1819 – Wilhelm Wattenbach, German historian (d. 1897)
1829 – Tự Đức, Emperor of Vietnam (d. 1883)
1869 – Adrien-Maurice-Victurnien-Mathieu, 8th duc de Noailles (d. 1953)
1875 – Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis, Lithuanian painter and composer (d. 1911)
1876 – André Tardieu, Prime Minister of France (d. 1945)
1878 – Yoshida Shigeru, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1967)
1880 – Dame Christabel Pankhurst, English suffragist (d. 1958)
1882 – Wilhelm Keitel, German field marshal (d. 1946)
1885 – Gunnar Asplund, Swedish architect (d. 1940)
1885 – Ben Chifley, Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1951)
1885 – Erich von Stroheim, Austrian-born actor (d. 1957)
1889 – Hooks Dauss, American baseball player (d. 1963)
1891 – Hans Albers, German actor and singer (d. 1960)
1895 – Paul Muni, Polish-born actor (d. 1967)
1896 – Henry Segrave, British racing driver (d. 1930)
1898 – Katherine Alexander, American actress (d. 1981)
1900 – William Spratling, American silversmith (d. 1967)
1900 – Paul H. Emmett, American chemical engineer (d. 1985)
1901 – Charles B. Huggins, Canadian-born scientist, Nobel laureate (d. 1997)
1902 – John Houseman, Romanian-born actor (d. 1988)
1903 – Joseph Valachi, American gangster (d. 1971)
1904 – Ellen Church, American stewardess (d. 1965)
1905 – Eugen Sänger, Austrian aerospace engineer (d. 1964)
1905 – Haakon Lie, Norwegian politician (d. 2009)
1907 – Philip Fotheringham-Parker, British racing driver (d. 1981)
1910 – György Faludy, Hungarian poet (d. 2006)
1912 – Martha Scott, American actress (d. 2003)
1912 – Herbert Mataré, German physicist and European co-inventor of the transistor
1915 – Arthur Lowe, British actor (d. 1982)
1918 – Hans Scholl, member of The White Rose (d. 1943)
1918 – Henryk Szeryng, Polish-born violinist (d. 1988)
1920 – Eric Baker, British human rights activist (d. 1976)
1920 – Bob Lemon, American baseball player (d. 2000)
1920 – William H. Riker, American political scientist (d. 1993)
1920 – Anders Lassen, Danish military officer (d. 1945)
1922 – Chen Ning Yang, Chinese-born physicist, Nobel laureate
1923 – Dannie Abse, Welsh poet and writer
1924 – Charles Keeping, British illustrator (d. 1988)
1924 – Rosamunde Pilcher, English novelist
1925 – Virginia Capers, American actress (d. 2004)
1927 – Gordon Astall, English footballer
1927 – Tommy Lasorda, American baseball manager
1928 – Eric Broadley, MBE, British automotive engineer (Lola Cars)
1928 – James Lawson, American minister and civil rights activist
1928 – Eugene Roche, American actor (d. 2004)
1929 – Serge Garant, French Canadian conductor (d. 1986)
1930 – P. B. Sreenivas, Indian Multi-lingual (Kannada, Tamil and Telugu) Play-back Singer
1931 – Fay Weldon, British feminist
1931 – George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger of Leckie, British politician (d. 2003)
1931 – Manzoor Ahmad, Pakistani philosopher
1932 – Ingemar Johansson, Swedish heavyweight professional boxing champion of the world (d. 2009)
1933 – T. Cullen Davis, American oil heir and accused murderer
1934 – Lute Olson, American basketball coach
1936 – Maurice Evans, English footballer and manager (d. 2000)
1938 – Gene Mingo, American football player
1939 – Gilbert Earl Patterson, American minister (d. 2007)
1940 – Anna Karina, Danish born actress
1941 – Jeremiah Wright, American pastor
1942 – David Stern, American basketball commissioner
1943 – Toni Basil, American singer
1946 – King Sunny Ade, Nigerian singer
1946 – Dan Baker, American public address announcer
1946 – Larry Dierker, American baseball player and manager
1947 – Robert Morace, American writer
1948 – Denis Burke, Australian politician
1948 – Jim Byrnes, American actor and musician
1949 – Jim Keith, American conspiracy theorist and author (d. 1999)
1949 – Jim McGinty, Australian politician
1950 – Kirka, Finnish singer (d. 2007)
1951 – David Coverdale, English singer
1952 – Bob Goodlatte, American politician
1952 – Paul Le Mat, American actor
1952 – Gary Holton, English actor and musician (d. 1985)
1952 – M.R. Sukhumbhand Paribatra, Thai politician, current Governor of Bangkok
1953 – Ségolène Royal, French politician
1954 – Shari Belafonte, American singer, actor, model
1954 – Randy Lanier, American racing driver
1955 – Jeffrey Leonard, Major League baseball player
1956 – Debby Boone, American singer
1956 – Masayuki Suzuki, Japanese singer (Rats & Star)
1957 – Nick Cave, Australian musician
1957 – Johnette Napolitano, American musician
1957 – Giuseppe Saronni, Italian cyclist
1958 – Andrea Bocelli, Italian tenor
1958 – Joan Jett, American rock-and-roll singer
1958 – Neil Cavuto, American television commentator
1959 – Tai Babilonia, American figure skater
1959 – Pope Michael, American anti-pope
1961 – Scott Baio, American actor
1961 – Vince Coleman, American baseball player
1961 – Dr. Liam Fox, British Conservative politician
1961 – Bonnie Hunt, American actress
1961 – Catherine Oxenberg, British actress
1961 – Michael Torke, American composer
1962 – Diogo Mainardi, Brazilian writer
1964 – Juha Turunen, Finnish politician turned criminal
1965 – Andy Cairns, Irish musician
1965 – Tony Drago, Maltese snooker player
1965 – Mark Guthrie, American baseball player
1966 – Moustafa Amar, Egyptian singer
1966 – Stefan Rehn, Swedish footballer
1966 – Mike Richter, American ice hockey player
1967 – Matt Besser, American comedian
1967 – Rickard Rydell, Swedish racing driver
1967 – Félix Savón, Cuban boxer
1967 – Ecaterina Szabo, Romanian gymnast and Olympic champion
1967 – Kim Watkins, Australian television presenter
1969 – Matt Sharp, American musician (Weezer, The Rentals)
1970 – Mike Matheny, American baseball player
1970 – Mystikal, American rapper
1970 – Rupert Penry-Jones, English actor
1970 – Emmanuel Petit, French footballer
1971 – Elizabeth Bear, American author
1971 – Chesney Hawkes, English singer
1971 – Princess Märtha Louise of Norway
1972 – Dana Vespoli, American porn actress
1974 – Bob Sapp, American boxer and kickboxer
1974 – Yoo Chae-yeong, South Korean singer and actress
1975 – Ethan Moreau, Canadian ice hockey player
1975 – Svilen Noev, Bulgarian singer-songwriter
1977 – Paul Sculthorpe, English rugby league footballer
1978 – Ed Joyce, Irish-English cricketer
1978 – Harry Kewell, Australian soccer player
1979 – Emilie Autumn, American singer and musician
1979 – Swin Cash, American basketball player
1979 – Michael Graziadei, American actor
1980 – Fernanda Tavares, Brazilian model
1981 – Subaru Shibutani, Japanese singer (Kanjani8)
1982 – Mandy Chiang, Hong Kong singer and actress
1982 – Kosuke Kitajima, Japanese swimmer
1982 – Billie Piper, English singer and actress
1984 – Theresa Fu, Hong Kong singer and actress
1984 – Eduardo Rubio, Chilean footballer
1984 – Laura Vandervoort, Canadian actress
1985 – Faris Haroun, Belgian footballer
1987 – Tom Felton, English actor
1988 – Bethany Dillon, American musician

Deaths

1072 – Ouyang Xiu, Chinese historian and scholar-official (b. 1007)
1253 – Dogen, Japanese Zen Buddhist (b. 1200)
1345 – Henry Plantagenet, 3rd Earl of Lancaster (b. 1281)
1399 – Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, English politician (b. 1366)
1520 – Selim I, Ottoman Sultan (b. 1465)
1539 – Guru Nanak Dev, founder of Sikhism (b. 1469)
1554 – Francisco Vasquez de Coronado, Spanish explorer (b. 1510)
1566 – Johannes Agricola, German Protestant reformer (b. 1494)
1607 – Alessandro Allori, Italian painter (b. 1535)
1658 – Georg Philipp Harsdorffer, German poet (b. 1607)
1662 – John Biddle, English theologian (b. 1615)
1692 – Martha Corey, hanged as a result of the Salem witch trials
1703 – Vincenzo Viviani, Italian mathematician and scientist (b. 1622)
1774 – Pope Clement XIV (b. 1705)
1776 – Nathan Hale, American Revolutionary War captain, hanged by the British as a spy (b. 1755)
1777 – John Bartram, American botanist (b. 1699)
1828 – Shaka, Accredited as being the most influential leader of the Zulu Empire (b. 1787)
1852 – William Tierney Clark, English civil engineer (b. 1783)
1868 – Byakkotai, A group of 19 young Japanese with the samurai corps of Aizu-Han who committed suicide.
1872 – Vladimir Dal, Russian lexicographer (b. 1801)
1873 – Friedrich Frey-Herosé, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1801)
1881 – Solomon L. Spink, U.S. Congressman from Illinois (b. 1831)
1914 – Alain-Fournier, French writer (b. 1886)
1952 – Kaarlo Juho Ståhlberg, first President of Finland (b. 1865)
1956 – Frederick Soddy, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1877)
1957 – Toyoda Soemu, Japanese admiral (b. 1885)
1961 – Marion Davies, American actress (b. 1897)
1969 – Adolfo López Mateos, president of Mexico (b. 1909)
1981 – Harry Warren, American composer and lyricist (b. 1893)
1987 – Dan Rowan, American actor and comedian (b. 1922)
1988 – Rais Amrohvi, Pakistani poet and psychoanalyst (b. 1914)
1989 – Irving Berlin, American songwriter (b. 1888)
1992 – Aurelio López, Mexican baseball player (b. 1948)
1993 – Maurice Abravanel, Greek-born conductor (b. 1903)
1996 – Ludmilla Chiriaeff, Canadian ballet dancer and director (b. 1924)
1996 – Dorothy Lamour, American actress (b. 1914)
1999 – George C. Scott, American actor (b. 1927)
2000 – Rodney Anoa'i (Yokozuna), American professional wrestler (b. 1966)
2000 – Saburo Sakai, Japanese aviator, (b. 1916)
2001 – Isaac Stern, Ukrainian violinist (b. 1920)
2002 – Jan de Hartog, Dutch-born writer (b. 1914)
2003 – Gordon Jump, American television actor (b. 1932)
2003 – Hugo Young, British journalist (b. 1938)
2004 – Pete Schoening, American mountaineer (b. 1927)
2004 – Ray Traylor (The Big Boss Man), American professional wrestler (b. 1962)
2006 – Edward Albert, American actor (b. 1951)
2006 – Carla Benschop, Dutch basketball player (b. 1950)
2007 – Bodinho, Brazilian footballer (b. 1928)
2007 – Marcel Marceau, French mime artist (b. 1923)
2008 – Thomas Doerflein, German Zookeeper (b. 1963)

Holidays and observances

OneWebDay
Bulgaria – Independence Day (from The Ottoman Empire) 1908.
Mali – Independence Day (from France, 1960).
United States – American Business Women's Day
In ancient Greece, the ninth and final day of the Eleusinian Mysteries, when the initiates made offerings to the dead.
Some Latter Day Saints recognise it as "Trumpet Day," or the day that Joseph Smith received the golden plates, which later became The Book of Mormon, from the angel Moroni.
RC Saints – It has been or still is the feast day of the following saints:
Saint Candidus
Saints Saint Digna & Saint Emerita
Saint Emmeramus
Saint Maurice
Saint Phocas
Saint Salaberga
Theban Legion
Saint Thomas of Villanueva
French Republican Calendar – Raisin (Grape) Day, first day in the Month of Vendémiaire.

 

[historylover]

September 23

Events

1122 – Concordat of Worms.
1459 – Battle of Blore Heath, the first major battle of the English Wars of the Roses, is fought at Blore Heath in Staffordshire.
1529 – The Siege of Vienna begins when Suleiman I attacks the city.
1641 – The Merchant Royal, carrying a treasure worth over a billion USD, is lost at sea off Land's End.
1642 – First commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.
1779 – American Revolution: a squadron commanded by John Paul Jones on board the USS Bonhomme Richard wins the Battle of Flamborough Head, off the coast of England, against two British warships.
1780 – American Revolution: British Major John André is arrested as a spy by American soldiers exposing Benedict Arnold's change of sides.
1803 – Second Anglo-Maratha War: Battle of Assaye.
1806 – Lewis and Clark return to St. Louis after exploring the Pacific Northwest of the United States.
1821 – Tripolitsa, Greece, falls and 30,000 Turks are massacred.
1845 – The Knickerbockers Baseball Club, the first baseball team to play under the modern rules, is founded in New York.
1846 – Neptune is discovered by French astronomer Urbain Jean Joseph Le Verrier and British astronomer John Couch Adams; the discovery is verified by German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle.
1868 – Grito de Lares ("Lares Revolt") occurs in Puerto Rico against Spanish rule.
1889 – Nintendo Koppai (Later Nintendo Company, Limited) is founded by Fusajiro Yamauchi to produce and market the playing card game Hanafuda.
1905 – Norway and Sweden sign the "Karlstad treaty", peacefully dissolving the Union between the two countries.
1908 – University of Alberta in Alberta, Canada, is founded.
1922 – In Washington D. C., Charles Evans Hughes signs the Hughes-Peynado agreement, that ends the occupation of Dominican Republic by the United States.
1922 – Gdynia Seaport Construction Act is passed by the Polish parliament.
1932 – The Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd is renamed the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
1938 – Mobilization of the Czechoslovak army in response to the Munich Crisis.
1941 – World War II: The first gas chamber experiments are conducted at Auschwitz.
1942 – World War II: First day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps forces attack Imperial Japanese Army units along the Matanikau River.
1943 – World War II: The so-called Salò Republic is born.
1952 – Richard Nixon makes his "Checkers speech".
1959 – Iowa farmer Roswell Garst hosts Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev.
1959 – The MS Princess of Tasmania, Australia’s first passenger roll-on/roll-off diesel ferry, makes her maiden voyage across Bass Strait.
1962 – The Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City opens with the completion of the first building, the Philharmonic Hall (now Avery Fisher Hall) home of the New York Philharmonic.
1969 – The Chicago Eight trial opens in Chicago.
1972 – Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos announces over television and radio the implementation of martial law.
1973 – Juan Perón returns to power in Argentina.
1983 – Saint Kitts and Nevis joins the United Nations.
1983 – Gerrie Coetzee of South Africa becomes the first African boxing world heavyweight champion.
1988 – José Canseco of the Oakland Athletics becomes the first member of the 40-40 club.
1992 – A large Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb destroys the forensic laboratories in Belfast.
1999 – NASA announces that it has lost contact with the Mars Climate Orbiter.
1999 – Qantas Flight 1 overruns the runway in Bangkok during a storm. While some passengers only receive minor injuries, it is still the worst crash in Qantas's history since 1960.
2002 – The first public version of the web browser Mozilla Firefox ("Phoenix 0.1") is released.
2004 – Hurricane Jeanne: At least 1,070 in Haiti are reported killed by floods.
2008 – Kauhajoki school shooting: Matti Saari kills 10 people before committing suicide.

Births

480 BC – Euripides, Greek playwright (d. 406 BC)
63 BC – Augustus Caesar, Roman Emperor (d. 14)
1158 – Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (d. 1186)
1161 – Emperor Takakura of Japan (d. 1181)
1215 – Kublai Khan of the Mongol Empire (d. 1294)
1434 – Yolande of Valois, Duchess of Savoy (d. 1478)
1598 – Eleonore Gonzaga, wife of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1655)
1647 – Joseph Dudley, American statesman (d. 1720)
1650 – Jeremy Collier, English bishop (d. 1726)
1713 – King Ferdinand VI of Spain (d. 1759)
1740 – Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (d. 1813)
1759 – Clothilde of France, Queen of Piedmont-Sardinia (d. 1802)
1771 – Emperor Kokaku of Japan (d. 1840)
1781 – Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (d. 1860)
1791 – Johann Franz Encke, German astronomer (d. 1865)
1819 – Hippolyte Fizeau, French physicist (d. 1896)
1838 – Victoria Woodhull, American suffragist (d. 1927)
1852 – William Stewart Halsted, American surgeon (d. 1922)
1861 – Robert Bosch, German inventor and industrialist (d. 1942)
1863 – Mary Eliza Church Terrell, American writer (d. 1954)
1864 – Draga Mašin, Queen of Serbia (d. 1903)
1865 – Emmuska Orczy, British novelist (d. 1947)
1869 – Mary Mallon, also known as Typhoid Mary, first carrier of typhoid (d. 1938)
1880 – John Boyd Orr, Scottish physician, Nobel Laureate (d. 1971)
1889 – Walter Lippmann, American journalist (d. 1974)
1890 – Friedrich Paulus, German general (d. 1957)
1895 – Miron Merzhanov, Soviet architect (d. 1975)
1895 – Johnny Mokan, American baseball player (d. 1985)
1897 – Walter Pidgeon, Canadian actor (d. 1984)
1899 – Tom C. Clark, Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (d. 1977)
1900 – Louise Nevelson, American sculptor (d. 1988)
1900 – Bill Stone, British serviceman who served during World War I (d. 2009)
1901 – Jaroslav Seifert, Czech writer, Nobel Prize Laureate (d. 1986)
1902 – Su Buqing, Chinese mathematician and educator (d. 2003)
1907 – Dominique Aury, French novelist (d. 1998)
1907 – Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza, heir to the throne of Portugal (d. 1976)
1911 – Frank Moss, United States Senator from Utah (d. 2003)
1912 – Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Pakistani researcher, critic and linguist (d. 2005)
1912 – Tony Smith, American sculptor (d. 1980)
1913 – Carl-Henning Pedersen, Danish artist, member of the CoBrA movement (d. 2007)
1914 – Omar Ali Saifuddin III, Sultan of Brunei (d. 1986)
1915 – Clifford Shull, American physicist, Nobel Laureate (d. 2001)
1916 – Aldo Moro, Italian politician (d. 1978)
1920 – Mickey Rooney, American actor
1924 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, Nicaraguan newspaper editor (d. 1978)
1924 – Heinrich Schultz, Estonian cultural functionary
1925 – Denis Twitchett, Cambridge scholar, and Chinese historian (d. 2006)
1925 – Eleonora Rossi Drago, Italian actress (d. 2007)
1926 – John Coltrane, American saxophonist (d. 1967)
1929 – Wally Whyton, English musician (d. 1997)
1930 – Ray Charles, American musician (d. 2004)
1930 – Sehba Akhtar, Pakistani poet (d. 1996)
1930 – Colin Blakely, British actor (d. 1987)
1931 – Gerald Stairs Merrithew, Canadian educator (d. 2004)
1934 – Ahmad Shah Khan, Crown Prince of Afghanistan
1936 – Valentín Paniagua, Peruvian politician
1938 – Tom Lester, American actor
1938 – Romy Schneider, French actress (d. 1982)
1939 – Henry Blofeld, English cricket commentator
1939 – Roy Buchanan, American guitarist (d. 1988)
1939 – Janusz Gajos, Polish actor
1939 – Sonny Vaccaro, American former sports executive
1941 – Simon Nolet, Canadian ice hockey player
1941 – George Jackson, American civil-rights activist (d. 1971)
1942 – Sila María Calderón, Puerto Rican politician
1943 – Julio Iglesias, Spanish singer
1943 – Marty Schottenheimer, American football coach
1943 – Tanuja, Indian actress
1944 – Eric Bogle, British/Australian singer and songwriter
1945 – Paul Petersen, American actor
1945 – Igor Ivanov, Russian politician
1946 – Franz Fischler, Austrian politician
1947 – Mary Kay Place, American actress
1947 – Jerry Corbetta, American singer and musician (Sugarloaf)
1947 – Neal Smith, American musician (Alice Cooper)
1949 – Bruce Springsteen, American singer and songwriter
1954 – Charlie Barnett, American actor (d. 1996)
1954 – Cherie Blair, lawyer and politician, wife of ex-British PM
1956 – Paolo Rossi, Italian footballer
1956 – Peter David, American writer
1957 – Rosalind Chao, American actress
1957 – Tony Fossas, Cuban baseball player
1957 – Kumar Sanu, Indian playback singer
1958 – Danielle Dax, British musician
1958 – Marvin Lewis, American football coach
1958 – Larry Mize, American golfer
1959 – Jason Alexander, American actor
1959 – Martin Page, English singer and songwriter
1961 – Chi McBride, American actor
1961 – Willie McCool, American astronaut (d. 2003)
1961 – Elizabeth Peña, American actress
1964 – Clayton Blackmore, Welsh footballer
1964 – Koshi Inaba, Japanese singer (B'z)
1964 – Larry Krystkowiak, American basketball player and head coach
1966 – Pete Harnisch, American baseball player
1966 – LisaRaye, American actress
1968 – Yvette Fielding, English television presenter
1968 – Michelle Thomas, American actress (d. 1998)
1969 – Patrick Fiori, French singer
1969 – Tapio Laukkanen, Finnish rally driver
1969 – Donald Audette, Canadian ice hockey player
1970 – Ani DiFranco, American musician
1970 – Georgios Koltsidas, Greek footballer
1971 – Moin Khan, Pakistani cricketer
1971 – Lee Mi-yeon, South Korean actress
1971 – Eric Montross, American basketball player
1972 – Ana Marie Cox, American blogger and author
1972 – Jermaine Dupri, American music producer and rapper
1972 – Karl Pilkington, British radio personality
1972 – Shim Eun-ha, South Korean actress
1973 – Ingrid Fliter, Argentinian pianist
1973 – Artim Šakiri, Macedonian football player
1974 – Matt Hardy, American professional wrestler
1974 – Harumi Inoue, Japanese actress and model
1975 – Jaime Bergman, American model and actress
1975 – Layzie Bone, American rapper (Bone Thugs-N-Harmony)
1975 – Chris Hawkins, British radio personality
1975 – Kim Dong-moon, South Korean badminton player
1975 – Eric Miller, Irish rugby player
1976 – Faune A. Chambers, American actress
1976 – Kip Pardue, American actor and model
1976 – Wladimir Sidorenko, Ukrainian boxer
1977 – Rachael Yamagata, American singer and songwriter
1977 – Matthieu Descoteaux, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 – Susan Tamim, Lebanese singer and actress (d. 2008)
1978 – Worm Miller, American filmmaker
1978 – Keri Lynn Pratt, American actress
1979 – Ricky Davis, American basketball player
1980 – Cameron Litvack, American television producer
1980 – Matt White, American singer
1981 – Robert Doornbos, Dutch racing driver
1981 – Natalie Horler, German singer (Cascada)
1981 – Misti Traya, American actress
1982 – Shyla Stylez, Canadian pornographic actress
1983 – Märt Israel, Estonian discus thrower
1983 – Joffery Lupul, Canadian ice hockey player
1984 – Anneliese van der Pol, American actress
1984 – Nathan Jendrick, American author
1984 – Matt Kemp, American baseball player
1985 – Brian Brohm, American football player
1985 – Joba Chamberlain, American baseball player
1985 – Maki Goto, Japanese pop singer
1985 – Hossein Ka'abi, Iranian footballer
1985 – Lukáš Kašpar, Czech ice hockey player
1986 – Martin Cranie, English footballer
1988 – Juan Martín del Potro, Argentinian tennis player
1989 – Brandon Jennings, American basketball player
1990 – Kota Yabu, Japanese pop singer
1991 – Melanie Oudin, American tennis player

Deaths

79 – Pope Linus
1193 – Robert de Sablé, Grand Master of the Knights Templar
1241 – Snorri Sturluson, Icelandic historian, poet, and politician (b. 1178)
1390 – John I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1346)
1535 – Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg, queen of Gustav I of Sweden (b. 1513)
1571 – John Jewel, English bishop (b. 1522)
1573 – Azai Hisamasa, Japanese warlord (b. 1524)
1605 – Pontus de Tyard, French poet
1675 – Valentin Conrart, founder of the Académie Française (b. 1603)
1728 – Christian Thomasius, German jurist (b. 1655)
1738 – Herman Boerhaave, Dutch humanist and physician (b. 1668)
1764 – Robert Dodsley, English writer (b. 1703)
1773 – Johann Ernst Gunnerus, Norwegian bishop and botanist (b. 1718)
1789 – John Rogers, American Continental Congressman (b. 1723)
1835 – Vincenzo Bellini, Italian composer (b. 1801)
1844 – Alexander von Benckendorff, Russian general and statesman (b. 1783)
1846 – John Ainsworth Horrocks, English-born explorer of South Australia (b. 1818)
1850 – José Gervasio Artigas, Uruguayan hero (b. 1764)
1867 – Michael O'Laughlen, American conspirator in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1840)
1870 – Prosper Mérimée, French author (b. 1803)
1871 – Louis-Joseph Papineau, French Canadian politician (b. 1786)
1873 – Jean Chacornac, French astronomer (b. 1823)
1877 – Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician (b. 1811)
1889 – Wilkie Collins, British author (b. 1824)
1900 – William Marsh Rice, American philanthropist and university founder (b. 1816)
1917 – Werner Voss, German World War I pilot (b. 1897)
1929 – Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian-born chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1865)
1939 – Sigmund Freud, Austrian psychiatrist (b. 1856)
1943 – Elinor Glyn, English author (b. 1864)
1944 – Jakob Schaffner, Swiss novelist (b. 1875)
1945 – Salvo D'Acquisto, Italian Carabiniere, awarded the Gold Medal of Military Valor (b. 1920)
1950 – Sam Barry, American basketball player and coach (b. 1892)
1968 – Francesco Forgione, "Padre Pio", Catholic saint (b. 1887)
1970 – Bourvil, French actor and singer (b. 1917)
1971 – J. W. Alexander, American mathematician (b. 1888)
1971 – Billy Gilbert, American actor (b. 1894)
1973 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet, Nobel laureate (b. 1904)
1974 – Cliff Arquette, American comedian and actor (b. 1905)
1978 – Lyman Bostock, American baseball player (murdered) (b. 1950)
1981 – Chief Dan George, Canadian actor (b. 1899)
1987 – Bob Fosse, American dancer, choreographer, and actor (b. 1927)
1988 – Tibor Sekelj, Croatian explorer (b. 1912)
1992 – James Van Fleet, U.S. Army general (b. 1892)
1994 – Jerry Barber, American golfer (b. 1916)
1994 – Robert Bloch, American author (b. 1917)
1994 – Madeleine Renaud, French theater and film actress (b. 1900)
1996 – Fujiko F. Fujio, Japanese cartoonist (b. 1933)
1998 – Mary Frann, American actress (b. 1943)
1998 – Ray Bowden, English footballer (b. 1909)
1999 – Ivan Goff, Australian screenwriter (b. 1910)
2000 – Aurelio Rodríguez, Mexican Major League Baseball player (b. 1947)
2000 – Carl Rowan, American journalist (b. 1925)
2001 – Ron Hewitt, Welsh footballer (b. 1928)
2002 – Vernon Corea, Sri Lankan broadcaster (b. 1927)
2003 – Ronnie Dawson, American rockabilly musician (b. 1939)
2003 – Yuri Senkevich, Russian TV anchorman (b. 1937)
2004 – André Hazes, Dutch singer (b. 1951)
2004 – Billy Reay, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
2004 – Bob Mason, English actor (b. 1952)
2005 – Filiberto Ojeda, Puerto Rican revolutionary (b. 1933)
2005 – Roger Brierley, English actor (b. 1935)
2006 – Sir Malcolm Arnold, English composer and professional trumpeter (b. 1921)
2006 – Etta Baker, American blues guitarist (b. 1913)
2008 – Peter Leonard, Australian journalist (b. 1942)

Holidays and observances

Astrology: Usually the first day of sun sign Libra in the tropical zodiac.
In ancient Latvia, the second day of Mikeli.
Roman Catholic Saints – Feast day of Saint Adomnan of Iona, Saint Thecla, Padre Pio of Pietrelcina
Also see September 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
Traditional New Year's Day in Constantinople and Eastern Orthodox Churches — because of the birthday of Augustus, not because of the equinox.
Japanese Autumnal equinox Day (秋分の日/Shūbun no hi).
Saudi Arabia – National Day (unification 1932).
French Republican Calendar – Safran (Saffron) Day, second day in the Month of Vendémiaire.
Celebrate Bisexuality Day first recognized in 1999, it now is observed annually in Australia, Asia, Canada, Europe, New Zealand, and the United States of America.

 

[historylover]

September 24

Events

622 – Prophet Muhammad completes his hijra from Mecca to Medina.
1180 – Manuel I Komnenos, last Emperor of the Komnenian restoration dies. The Byzantine Empire slips into terminal decline.
1645 – Battle of Rowton Heath, Parliamentarian victory over a Royalist army commanded in person by King Charles
1664 – The Dutch Republic surrenders New Amsterdam to England.
1780 – Benedict Arnold flees to British Army lines when the arrest of British Major John André exposes Arnold's plot to surrender West Point.
1789 – The United States Congress passed a Judiciary Act that provided an attorney general and The Supreme Court.
1789 – The United States Post Office Department, are established.
1841 – The Sultan of Brunei cedes Sarawak to Britain.
1852 – The first airship powered by (a steam) engine, created by Henri Giffard, travels 17 miles (27 km) from Paris to Trappes.
1869 – "Black Friday": Gold prices plummet after Ulysses S. Grant orders the Treasury to sell large quantities of gold after Jay Gould and James Fisk plot to control the market.
1877 – Battle of Shiroyama, decisive victory of the Imperial Japanese Army over the Satsuma Rebellion
1890 – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints officially renounces polygamy.
1906 – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims Devils Tower in Wyoming as the nation's first National Monument.
1928 – Major riot during a wharf strike in Port Adelaide involving up 4,000 waterside workers
1935 – Earl Bascom and Weldon Bascom produce the first rodeo ever held outdoors under electric lights at Columbia, Mississippi
1946 – Cathay Pacific Airways is founded in Hong Kong.
1947 – The Majestic 12 committee is allegedly established by secret executive order of President Harry Truman
1948 – The Honda Motor Company is founded.
1950 – Forest fires black out the sun over portions of Canada and New England. A Blue moon (in the astronomical sense) is seen as far away as Europe.
1957 – Camp Nou, the largest stadium in Europe, is opened in Barcelona.
1957 – President Dwight D. Eisenhower sends 101st Airborne Division troops to Little Rock, Arkansas, to enforce desegregation.
1962 – United States court of appeals orders the University of Mississippi to admit James Meredith.
1968 – 60 Minutes debuts on CBS
1973 – Guinea-Bissau declares its independence from Portugal.
1979 – Compu-Serve launches the first consumer internet service, which features the first public electronic mail service.
1990 – Periodic Great White Spot observed on Saturn
1992 – USA Networks launches the Sci Fi Channel
1994 – National League for Democracy is formed by Aung San Suu Kyi and various others to help fight against dictatorship in Myanmar.
1996 – U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty at the United Nations.
2005 – Hurricane Rita makes landfall in the United States, devastating Beaumont, Texas and portions of southwestern Louisiana.

Births

15 – Vitellius, Roman Emperor (d. 69)
1301 – Ralph Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford, English soldier (d. 1372)
1501 – Gerolamo Cardano, Italian mathematician (d. 1576)
1513 – Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg, Queen of Sweden (d. 1535)
1534 – Guru Ram Das, fourth Sikh Guru (d. 1581)
1564 – William Adams, British navigator (d. 1620)
1583 – Albrecht von Wallenstein, Austrian general (d. 1634)
1625 – Johan de Witt, Dutch politician (d. 1672)
1705 – Leopold Josef Graf Daun, Austrian field marshal (d. 1766)
1717 – Horace Walpole, British novelist and politician (d. 1797)
1725 – Sir Arthur Guinness, Irish brewer (d. 1803)
1739 – Grigori Alexandrovich Potemkin, Russian statesman (d. 1791)
1755 – John Marshall, 4th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 1835)
1801 – Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky, Ukrainian scientist (d. 1862)
1802 – Adolphe d'Archiac, French paleontologist and geologist (d. 1868)
1817 – Ramón de Campoamor y Campoosorio, Spanish poet and philosopher (d. 1901)
1829 – Charles S. West, Texas jurist and politician (d. 1885)
1858 – Eugene Foss, 45th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1939)
1870 – Georges Claude, French chemist and inventor (d. 1960)
1871 – Lottie Dod, English athlete (d. 1960)
1878 – C. F. Ramuz, Swiss writer (d. 1947)
1880 – Sarah Knauss, Oldest lived American ever (d. 1999)
1884 – Gustave Garrigou, French cyclist (d. 1963)
1884 – Hugo Schmeisser, German weapons designer (d. 1953)
1890 – Mike González, baseball player (d. 1977)
1890 – A. P. Herbert, British humorist, barrister, novelist (d. 1971)
1892 – Adélard Godbout, premier of Québec (d. 1956)
1894 – Tommy Armour, Anglo-American golfer (d. 1968)
1895 – André Frédéric Cournand, French Nobel Laureate (d. 1988)
1896 – F. Scott Fitzgerald, American novelist (d. 1940)
1898 – Howard Walter Florey, Nobel Laureate (d. 1968)
1899 – Sir William Dobell, Australian portrait artist (d. 1970)
1900 – Ham Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 1955)
1902 – Ruhollah Khomeini, Iranian Islamic religious leader and politician (d. 1989)
1905 – Severo Ochoa, Nobel Laureate (d. 1993)
1906 – Leonard Marsh, Canadian social scientist and professor (d. 1982)
1909 – Gerard Ciołek, Polish architect (d. 1966)
1910 – Jean Servais, Belgian actor (d. 1976)
1911 – Konstantin Chernenko, Soviet premier (d. 1985)
1912 – Don Porter, American actor (d. 1997)
1914 – Sir John Kerr, 18th Governor-General of Australia (d. 1991)
1918 – Audra Lindley, American actress (d. 1997)
1919 – Dayton Allen, American actor and comedian (d. 2004)
1920 – Richard Bong, American ace fighter pilot and Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1945)
1921 – Jim McKay, American sportscaster (d. 2008)
1922 – Cornell MacNeil, American baritone
1923 – Louis Edmonds, American actor (d. 2001)
1923 – Fats Navarro, American jazz trumpet player (d. 1950)
1924 – Nina Bocharova, Soviet gymnast
1924 – Theresa Merritt, American actress (d. 1998)
1924 – Sheila MacRae, singer & actress
1925 – Autar Singh Paintal, Indian medical scientist (d. 2004)
1927 – Alfredo Kraus, Spanish tenor (d. 1999)
1929 – Edward M. Lawson, Canadian politician
1930 – Józef Krupiński, Polish poet (d. 1998)
1930 – Angelo Muscat, Maltese actor (d. 1977)
1930 – John W. Young, American astronaut
1931 – Anthony Newley, British actor and singer (d. 1999)
1931 – Mike Parkes, British Formula One driver (d. 1977)
1932 – Dominique Michel, Canadian comedian
1933 – Raffaele Cardinal Farina, Archivist of the Holy Roman Church
1934 – Tommy Anderson, Scottish footballer
1934 – John Brunner, British author (d. 1995)
1934 – Manfred Wörner, German politician and diplomat (d. 1994)
1935 – Sean McCann, Canadian actor
1936 – Jim Henson, American puppeteer (d. 1990)
1940 – Yves Navarre, French writer (d. 1994)
1941 – Linda McCartney, American singer, fashion designer and photographer (d. 1998)
1941 – John Mackey, football player
1942 – Ilkka "Danny" Lipsanen, Finnish singer
1942 – Gerry Marsden, English singer (Gerry & The Pacemakers)
1944 – Diana Körner, German actress
1945 – Lou Dobbs, American journalist and television anchor
1946 – "Mean" Joe Greene, American football player
1946 – Lars Emil Johansen, Prime Minister of Greenland
1947 – Erik Hivju, Norwegian actor
1948 – Heinz Chur, German composer
1948 – Gordon Clapp, American actor
1948 – Phil Hartman, Canadian actor (d. 1998)
1950 – Alan Colmes, American talk show host
1950 – Mohinder Amarnath, Indian cricketer
1950 – Kristina Wayborn, Swedish actress
1951 – Pedro Almodóvar, Spanish filmmaker
1951 – Douglas Kmiec, American legal scholar
1952 – Mark Sandman, American musician (d. 1999)
1955 – Riccardo Illy, Italian politician
1956 – Hubie Brooks, American baseball player
1957 – Wolfgang Wolf, German footballer and manager
1957 – Tod Howarth, American rock musician
1958 – Kevin Sorbo, American actor
1959 – Steve Whitmire, American voice actor
1961 – Allen Bestwick, Nascar broadcaster
1961 – John Logan, American screenwriter
1962 – Jack Dee, British comedian
1962 – Rosamund Kwan, Hong Kong actress
1962 – Ally McCoist, Scottish footballer
1962 – Mike Phelan, English footballer
1962 – Nia Vardalos, Canadian actress
1964 – Rafael Palmeiro, Cuban-born baseball player
1965 – Sean McNabb, American bassist (Quiet Riot, Great White, Rough Cutt, House of Lords)
1965 – Janet Weiss, American drummer (Sleater-Kinney, Quasi, Stephen Malkmus and the Jicks)
1966 – Stacy Galina, American actress
1966 – Bernard Gilkey, American baseball player
1966 – Michael J. Varhola, American author
1969 – Shawn Crahan, American musician (Slipknot)
1969 – Shamim Sarif, English novelist and filmmaker
1969 – Paul Ray Smith, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2003)
1969 – DeVante Swing, American music producer
1969 – Goya Toledo, Spanish actress and model
1969 – Megan Ward, American actress
1971 – Michael S. Engel, American paleontologist and entomologist
1971 – Mike Michalowicz, American author and entrepreneur
1971 – Kevin Millar, American baseball player
1971 – Peter Salisbury, English drummer (The Verve)
1973 – Eddie George, American football player
1973 – Rodrick Rhodes, American basketball player
1974 – John McDonald, American baseball player
1975 – Mike Gallay, Canadian comedian and filmmaker
1975 – Kyle Turley, American football player
1976 – Carlos Almeida, Angolan basketball player
1976 – Stephanie McMahon, American professional wrestler
1977 – Frank Fahrenhorst, German footballer
1978 – Wietse van Alten, Dutch archer
1979 – Fábio Aurélio, Brazilian footballer
1979 – Justin Bruening, American actor
1979 – Katja Kassin, German pornographic actress
1979 – Kim Jong Min, Korean singer
1979 – Ross Mathews, American television personality and comedian
1980 – Daniele Bennati, Italian road racing cyclist
1980 – Dean Canto, Australian racing driver
1980 – Sabrine Maui, Filipino pornographic actress
1980 – Petri Pasanen, Finnish footballer
1980 – John Arne Riise, Norwegian footballer
1981 – Ryan Briscoe, Australian racing driver
1981 – Drew Gooden, American basketball player
1982 – Morgan Hamm, American gymnast
1982 – Paul Hamm, American gymnast
1982 – Jeff Karstens, American baseball player
1983 – Randy Foye, American basketball player
1984 – Szilvia Molnar, Swedish writer
1985 – Jessica Lucas, Canadian actress
1986 – Leah Dizon, American model and singer
1987 – Spencer Treat Clark, American actor
1988 – Karl Alzner, Canadian ice hockey player

Deaths

366 – Pope Liberius
768 – Pippin the Short, King of the Franks (b. 714)
1054 – Hermannus Contractus, scholar (b. 1013)
1120 – Welf II, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1072)
1143 – Agnes of Germany, daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1072)
1143 – Pope Innocent II
1180 – Manuel I Comnenus, Greek Byzantine Emperor (b. 1118)
1213 – Gertrude of Merania, wife of Andrew II of Hungary (murdered) (b. 1185)
1218 – Robert of Knaresborough, hermit (b. 1160)
1275 – Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford, Constable of England (b. 1208)
1435 – Isabeau of Bavaria, wife of Charles VI of France (b. c.1370)
1494 – Poliziano, Italian humanist (b. 1454)
1541 – Paracelsus, Swiss alchemist (b. 1493)
1545 – Albert of Mainz, archbishop and elector of Mainz (b. 1490)
1605 – Manuel Mendes, Portuguese composer (b. c.1547)
1621 – Jan Karol Chodkiewicz, Polish military commander (b. 1560)
1646 – Duarte Lobo, Portuguese composer (b. c.1565)
1707 – Vincenzo da Filicaja, Italian poet (b. 1642)
1732 – Emperor Reigen of Japan (b. 1654)
1742 – Johann Matthias Hase, German scientist (b. 1684)
1802 – Alexander Radishchev, Russian writer (b. 1749)
1834 – Pedro I of Brazil, Emperor of Brazil (b. 1798)
1892 – Patrick Gilmore, Irish-American composer (b. 1829)
1896 – Louis De Geer, 1st Swedish Prime Minister (b. 1818)
1904 – Niels Ryberg Finsen, Danish physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1860)
1930 – William A. MacCorkle, Governor of West Virginia (b. 1857)
1933 – Mike Donlin, American baseball player (b. 1878)
1933 – Alice Muriel Williamson, British novelist (b. 1869)
1938 – Lev Schnirelmann, Russian mathematician (b. 1900)
1939 – Carl Laemmle, German-born American film producer (b. 1867)
1945 – Hans Geiger, German physicist (b. 1882)
1948 – Warren William, American actor (b. 1894)
1950 – Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine (b. 1863)
1954 – Edward Pilgrim, British suicide hastened by bureaucracy (b. 1904)
1962 – Charles Reisner, American silent actor and film director (b. 1887)
1975 – Earle Cabell, Texas politician (b. 1906)
1978 – Hasso von Manteuffel, German army general and politician (b. 1897)
1981 – Patsy Kelly, American actress (b. 1910)
1982 – Sarah Churchill, British actress and the daughter of Winston Churchill (b. 1914)
1984 – Neil Hamilton, American actor (b. 1899)
1991 – Dr. Seuss, American children's writer (b. 1904)
1991 – Peter Bellamy, British folk singer (b. 1944)
1993 – Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist (b. 1913)
1993 – Ian Stuart Donaldson, British musician (b. 1957)
1996 – Zeki Müren, Turkish musician (b. 1931)
2002 – Youssouf Togoïmi, Chadian rebel (b. 1953)
2002 – Mike Webster, American football player (b. 1952)
2003 – Rosalie Allen, American singer and disc jockey (b. 1924)
2003 – Lyle Bettger, American actor (b. 1915)
2004 – Françoise Sagan, French writer (b. 1935)
2005 – Tommy Bond, American actor (b. 1926)
2006 – Michael Ferguson, Irish politician (b. 1953)
2008 – Mickey Vernon, American baseball player (b. 1918)

Holidays and observances

Late Roman Empire – start of the indiction year (at least since the time of Bede).
In ancient Latvia, the third day of Mikeli, and the only day of the year during which men proposed to their prospective wives.
Catholic Calendar: Our Lady of Mercy and Our Lady of Walsingham.
Also see September 24 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
Guinea-Bissau – Independence Day (declared, from Portugal, 1973).
New Caledonia – Territorial Day.
England – Our Lady of Walsingham.
South Africa – Heritage Day.
Barcelona, Spain – La Mercè the festival for Barcelona's patron saint. A lot of art and musical activities.
Trinidad and Tobago – Republic Day (1976).
French Republican Calendar – Châtaigne (Chestnut) Day, third day in the Month of Vendémiaire.
Kings Day – Celebrating Birthday of Rajadhiraja, Sriraj.
Feast day of Rupert of Salzburg in the Roman Catholic Church, Holiday in Salzburg.

 

[historylover]

September 25

Events

275 – In Rome, (after the assassination of Aurelian), the Senate proclaims Marcus Claudius Tacitus Emperor.
303 – On a voyage preaching the gospel, Saint Fermin of Pamplona is beheaded in Amiens, France.
1066 – The Battle of Stamford Bridge marks the end of the Viking Age in England.
1396 – Ottoman Emperor Bayezid I defeats a Christian army at the Battle of Nicopolis.
1513 – Spanish explorer Vasco Núñez de Balboa reaches what would become known as the Pacific Ocean.
1555 – The Peace of Augsburg is signed in Augsburg by Charles V and the princes of the Schmalkaldic League.
1690 – Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestick, the first newspaper to appear in the Americas, is published for the first and only time.
1789 – The U.S. Congress passes twelve amendments to the United States Constitution: the Congressional Apportionment Amendment (which was never ratified), the Congressional Compensation Amendment, and the ten that are known as the Bill of Rights.
1804 – The Teton Sioux (a subdivision of the Lakota) demand one of the boats from the Lewis and Clark Expedition as a toll for moving further upriver.
1846 – U.S. forces led by Zachary Taylor capture the Mexican city of Monterrey.
1868 – The Imperial Russian steam frigate Alexander Neuski is shipwrecked off Jutland while carrying Grand Duke Alexei of Russia.
1906 – In the presence of the king and before a great crowd, Leonardo Torres Quevedo successfully demonstrates the invention of the Telekino in the port of Bilbao, guiding a boat from the shore, in what is considered the birth of the remote control.
1911 – Ground is broken for Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts.
1912 – Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism is founded in New York, New York.
1915 – World War I: The Second Battle of Champagne begins.
1929 – Jimmy Doolittle performs the first blind flight from Mitchel Field proving that full instrument flying from take off to landing is possible.
1942 – World War II: Swiss Police Instruction of September 25, 1942 – this instruction denied entry into Switzerland to Jewish refugees.
1944 – World War II: Surviving elements of the British 1st Airborne Division withdraw from Arnhem in the Netherlands, thus ending the Battle of Arnhem and Operation Market Garden.
1955 – The Royal Jordanian Air Force is founded.
1956 – TAT-1, the first submarine transatlantic telephone cable system, is inaugurated.
1957 – Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, is integrated by the use of United States Army troops.
1959 – Solomon Bandaranaike, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is mortally wounded by a Buddhist monk, Talduwe Somarama, and dies the next day.
1962 – The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria is formally proclaimed. Ferhat Abbas is elected President of the provisional government.
1970 – Cease-fire between Jordan and the Fedayeen ends fighting triggered by four hijackings on September 6 and 9.
1972 – In a referendum, the people of Norway reject membership of the European Community.
1978 – PSA Flight 182, a Boeing 727-214, collides in mid-air with a Cessna 172 and crashes in San Diego, California, resulting in the deaths of 144 people.
1981 – Sandra Day O'Connor becomes the 102nd person sworn in as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and the first woman to hold the office.
1983 – Maze Prison escape: 38 republican prisoners, armed with 6 handguns, hijack a prison meals lorry and smash their way out of the Maze prison. It is the largest prison escape since WWII and in British history.
1996 – The last of the Magdalene Asylums closes in Ireland.
2002 – The Vitim event, a possible bolide impact in Siberia, Russia.
2003 – A magnitude-8.0 earthquake strikes just offshore Hokkaidō, Japan.
2008 – China launches the spacecraft Shenzhou 7.

Births

1358 – Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, Japanese shogun (d. 1408)
1525 – Steven Borough, English explorer (d. 1584)
1599 – Francesco Borromini, Italian architect (d. 1667)
1644 – Ole Rømer, Danish astronomer (d. 1710)
1683 – Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (d. 1764)
1694 – Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1754)
1711 – Qianlong Emperor of China (d. 1799)
1725 – Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French steam vehicle pioneer (d. 1804)
1738 – Nicholas Van Dyke, American lawyer and President of Delaware (d. 1789)
1764 – Fletcher Christian, English Bounty mutineer (d. 1793)
1766 – Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu, French-Russian statesman (d. 1822)
1773 – Agostino Bassi, Italian entomologist (d. 1856)
1780 – Jason Fairbanks, American murderer (d. 1801)
1782 – Charles Robert Maturin, Irish playwright and novelist (d. 1824)
1796 – Antoine-Louis Barye, French sculptor (d. 1875)
1798 – Jean-Baptiste Élie de Beaumont, French geologist (d. 1874)
1825 – William Pitt Ballinger, Texas lawyer and statesman (d. 1888)
1839 – Karl Alfred von Zittel, German palaeontologist (d. 1904)
1862 – Léon Boëllmann, French composer (d. 1897)
1862 – Billy Hughes, seventh Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1952)
1866 – Thomas Hunt Morgan, American geneticist, Nobel laureate (d. 1945)
1867 – Evgenii Miller, Russian counter-revolutionary (d. 1938)
1879 – Lope K. Santos, Filipino writer and labor leader, Father of the Philippine National Language and Grammar (d. 1963)
1881 – Lu Xun, Chinese writer (d. 1936)
1889 – C. K. Scott-Moncrieff, Scottish writer and translator (d. 1930)
1896 – Sandro Pertini, President of the Italian Republic (d. 1990)
1897 – William Faulkner, American writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1962)
1898 – Robert Brackman American artist (d. 1980)
1901 – Gordon Coventry, Australian rules footballer (d. 1968)
1901 – Robert Bresson, French film director (d. 1999)
1903 – Mark Rothko, Latvian-born American painter (d. 1970)
1906 – Dmitri Shostakovich, Russian composer (d. 1975)
1911 – Eric Williams, first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (d. 1981)
1915 – Ethel Rosenberg, American Communist (d. 1953)
1916 – Jessica Anderson, Australian author
1917 – Phil Rizzuto, American baseball player and sportscaster (d. 2007)
1917 – Johnny Sain, American baseball player (d. 2006)
1920 – Sergei Bondarchuk, Ukrainian-born actor (d. 1994)
1921 – Sir Robert Muldoon, Prime Minister of New Zealand (d. 1992)
1922 – Hammer DeRoburt, first President of Nauru (d. 1992)
1925 – Paul B. MacCready, Jr., American aeronautical engineer (d. 2007)
1925 – Silvana Pampanini, Italian actress
1926 – Aldo Ray, American actor (d. 1991)
1926 – Jack Hyles, Baptist pastor (d. 2001)
1927 – Sir Colin Davis, English conductor
1929 – Ronnie Barker, British comedian and actor (d. 2005)
1929 – Barbara Walters, American broadcaster
1930 – Shel Silverstein, American humorist and author (d. 1999)
1931 – Manouchehr Atashi, Iranian poet (d. 2005)
1932 – Glenn Gould, Canadian pianist and composer (d. 1982)
1932 – Terry Medwin, Welsh retired footballer
1932 – Adolfo Suárez, Prime Minister of Spain (1977-1981)
1933 – Hubie Brown, American basketball coach and broadcaster
1933 – Erik Darling, American folk singer/songwriter (d. 2008)
1933 – Brian Murphy, British actor
1933 – Ian Tyson, Canadian singer-songwriter and rancher
1934 – Jean Sorel, French actor
1936 – Juliet Prowse, South African actress and dancer (d. 1996)
1938 – Jonathan Motzfeldt, first Prime Minister of Greenland
1939 – Feroz Khan, Indian actor (d. 2009)
1943 – Robert Gates, American Secretary of Defense
1943 – John Locke, American musician (d. 2006)
1944 – Michael Douglas, American actor and producer
1944 – Doris Matsui, American politician
1945 – Carol Vadnais, Canadian ice hockey player
1946 – Felicity Kendal, British actress
1946 – Bryan MacLean, American musician and songwriter (Love) (d. 1998)
1946 – Jerry Penrod, American bass player
1947 – Cheryl Tiegs, American model
1951 – Mark Hamill, American actor
1951 – Bob McAdoo, American basketball player
1952 – Jimmy Garvin, American professional wrestler
1952 – Christopher Reeve, American actor (d. 2004)
1952 – Gloria Jean Watkins, American scholar
1952 – Anson Williams, American actor and director
1953 – Richard Harvey, British musician and composer (Gryphon)
1954 – Sylvester Croom, American college football coach
1954 – Juande Ramos, Spanish Football Manager
1955 – Steven Severin, British musician (Siouxsie & the Banshees)
1955 – Karl-Heinz Rummenigge, German footballer
1955 – Ludo Coeck, Belgian footballer (d. 1985)
1956 – Jamie Hyneman, American visual effects technician
1957 – Ian Reddington, English actor
1958 – Michael Madsen, American actor
1958 – Eamonn Healy, Irish chemist
1960 – Igor Belanov, Ukrainian footballer
1960 – Sonia Benezra, Canadian television host
1961 – Heather Locklear, American actress and model
1962 – Aida Turturro, American actress
1963 – Keely Shaye Smith, American journalist; wife of Pierce Brosnan
1963 – Tate Donovan, American actor
1963 – Mikael Persbrandt, Swedish actor
1964 – Anita Barone, American actress
1964 – Kikuko Inoue, Japanese singer and voice actress (seiyū)
1964 – Joey Saputo, Canadian businessman and sports executive
1964 – Gary Ayles, British racing driver
1964 – Maria Doyle Kennedy, Irish actress and singer
1965 – Scottie Pippen, American basketball player
1965 – Dave Rundle, former South African cricketer
1967 – Kim Issel, Canadian ice hockey player
1968 – Will Smith, American actor and rapper
1968 – John Worsfold, Australian rules football coach
1968 – Prince Johan-Friso of Orange-Nassau
1969 – Catherine Zeta-Jones, Welsh actress
1969 – Hal Sparks, American actor
1969 – Heather Stewart-Whyte, British supermodel
1969 – Bill Simmons, ESPN columnist and author
1970 – Aja Kong, Japanese professional wrestler
1970 – Kerri Kendall, American model
1970 – Dean Ween, American musician (Ween)
1971 – John Lynch, American football player
1971 – Brian Dunkleman, American actor
1973 – Bridgette Wilson, American actress
1973 – Tijani Babangida, Nigerian footballer
1973 – Bridget Marquardt, American model
1974 – Igor Bogdanović, Serbian footballer
1974 – Bill Bowler, Canadian ice hockey player
1974 – Olivier Nicolás André Dacourt, French professional footballer
1974 – Richie Edwards (known locally as Wamma), British bassist
1974 – John M. Granville, American diplomat
1974 – Tye Harvey, American pole vaulter
1974 – Paul Hurst, English footballer
1974 – Chris Impellitteri, American guitarist
1974 – Daniel Kessler, American musician
1974 – Frank Leder, German fashion designer
1974 – Bente Elin Lilleøkseth, Norwegian politician
1974 – Robert "Robbie" Mears, Australian rugby league player
1974 – Victor Medina-San Andrés, American filmmaker
1974 – Eric Moss, American football player
1974 – Víctor Danilo Pacheco, Colombian footballer
1974 – Joel Prpic, Canadian ice hockey player
1974 – Javier Rosas Sierra, Mexican athlete
1974 – Kemel Thompson, Jamaican athlete
1975 – Matt Hasselbeck, American football player
1975 – Daniel Hyde, British actor
1975 – Declan Donnelly, British actor, television presenter and musician
1976 – Chauncey Billups, American basketball player
1976 – Santigold , American singer
1976 – Chiara Siracusa, Maltese singer
1977 – Clea DuVall, American actress
1977 – Mike Krahulik, Illustrator
1977 – Wil Nieves, Puerto Rican baseball player
1977 – Kiyoshi Ijichi, Japanese drummer (Asian Kung-Fu Generation)
1978 – Roudolphe Douala, Cameroonian footballer
1978 – Ricardo Gardner, Jamaican footballer
1978 – Jodie Kidd, English model
1978 – Ryan Leslie, American music producer and singer
1978 – Joel Pineiro, Puerto Rican baseball player
1979 – Rashad Evans, American mixed martial artist
1979 – Jason Koumas, Welsh footballer
1979 – Chris Owen, American actor
1980 – T.I., American rapper
1981 – Rocco Baldelli, American baseball player
1981 – Jason Bergmann, American baseball player
1981 – Lee Norris, American actor
1982 – Kany García, Puerto Rican singer-songwritter
1982 – Hyun Bin, South Korean actor
1983 – Terrance Pennington, American football player
1984 – Rashad McCants, American basketball player
1985 – Calvin Johnson, American football player
1992 – Keauna McLaughlin, American figure skater

Deaths

303 – Saint Fermin of Pamplona, Roman Catholic Bishop, Martyr, and Saint
1066 – Killed at the Battle of Stamford Bridge:
Tostig Godwinson, Earl of Northumbria
Harald III of Norway (b. 1015)
1086 – William VIII, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 1025)
1333 – Prince Morikuni, Japanese shogun (b. 1301)
1396 – Killed at the Battle of Nicopolis:
Jean de Vienne, Admiral of France (b. 1341)
Jean de Carrouges (b. circa 1330)
1496 – Piero Capponi, Italian soldier and statesman (b. 1447)
1506 – King Philip I of Castile (b. 1478)
1534 – Pope Clement VII (b. 1478)
1536 – Johannes Secundus, Dutch poet (b. 1511)
1602 – Caspar Peucer, German reformer (b. 1525)
1617 – Francisco Suarez, Spanish Jesuit theologian (b. 1548)
1617 – Emperor Go-Yozei of Japan (b. 1572)
1626 – Lancelot Andrewes, English scholar and Bishop of the Church of England (b. 1555)
1630 – Ambrogio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases, Italian general (b. 1569)
1665 – Maria Anna of Austria, Electress of Bavaria (b. 1610)
1703 – Archibald Campbell, 1st Duke of Argyll, Scottish privy councillor (b. 1658)
1774 – John Bradstreet, Canadian-born soldier (b. 1714)
1777 – Johann Heinrich Lambert, German scientist (b. 1728)
1791 – William Bradford, American printer (b. 1719)
1792 – Adam Gottlob Moltke, Danish statesman (b. 1710)
1794 – Paul Rabaut, French Huguenot pastor (b. 1718)
1825 – Joachim Heer, Swiss politician (b. 1879)
1849 – Johann Strauss, Senior, Austrian composer (b. 1804)
1867 – Oliver Loving, American pioneer rancher (b. 1812)
1900 – Félix-Gabriel Marchand, premier of Québec (b. 1832)
1901 – Arthur Fremantle, British general and American Civil War observer (b. 1835)
1905 – Jacques Marie Eugène Godefroy Cavaignac, French politician (b. 1853)
1917 – Thomas Ashe, Irish revolutionary (b. 1885)
1918 – Mikhail Alekseev, Russian general (b. 1857)
1926 – Herbert Booth, son of William and Catherine Booth (b. 1862)
1929 – Miller Huggins, American baseball player and manager (b. 1879)
1933 – Ring Lardner, American writer (b. 1885)
1946 – Hans Eppinger, Austrian physician and war criminal (b. 1879)
1958 – John B. Watson, American psychologist (b. 1878)
1960 – Emily Post, American etiquette expert (b. 1873)
1961 – Frank Fay American actor (b. 1897)
1968 – Hans F. K. Günther, German eugenicist (b. 1891)
1970 – Erich Maria Remarque, German author (b. 1898)
1971 – Hugo Lafayette Black, American jurist (b. 1886)
1979 – Tapio Rautavaara, Finnish athlete and actor (b. 1915)
1980 – John Bonham, British drummer (Led Zeppelin) (b. 1948)
1980 – Lewis Milestone, Moldovan film director (b. 1895)
1980 – Marie Under, Estonian author and poet (b. 1883)
1983 – King Léopold III of Belgium (b. 1901)
1984 – Walter Pidgeon, Canadian actor (b. 1897)
1986 – Nikolay Nikolayevich Semyonov, Russian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1896)
1986 – Donald MacDonald, Canadian politician (b. 1909)
1986 – Hans Vogt, Norwegian linguist (b. 1909)
1986 – Darshan Singh Canadian, Indian communist leader (b. 1917)
1987 – Mary Astor, American actress (b. 1906)
1987 – Emlyn Williams, Welsh actor (b. 1905)
1988 – Billy Carter, brother of Jimmy Carter (b. 1937)
1991 – Klaus Barbie, Nazi war criminal (b. 1913)
1991 – Viviane Romance, French actress (b. 1912)
1995 – Dave Bowen, Welsh football manager (b. 1928)
1995 – Bessie Delany, American physician and author (b. 1891)
1996 – Nicu Ceauşescu, Romanian politician (b. 1951)
1997 – Jean Françaix, French composer (b. 1912)
1997 – Hélène Baillargeon, Quebec singer and folklorist (b. 1916)
1999 – Marion Zimmer Bradley, American writer (b. 1930)
2000 – R. S. Thomas, Welsh poet (b. 1913)
2003 – Aquila al-Hashimi, Iraqi politician (b. 1953)
2003 – Herb Gardner, American playwright (b. 1934)
2003 – Franco Modigliani, Italian economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
2003 – George Plimpton, American writer and actor (b. 1927)
2003 – Edward Said, Palestinian-born literary critic (b. 1935)
2005 – Don Adams, American actor and comedian (b. 1923)
2005 – George Archer, American golfer (b. 1939)
2005 – Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Pakistani critic and linguist (b. 1912)
2005 – Urie Bronfenbrenner, American psychologist (b. 1917)
2005 – M. Scott Peck, American psychiatrist and writer (b. 1936)
2005 – Friedrich Peter, Austrian politician (b. 1921)
2006 – Jeff Cooper, American firearms expert (b. 1920)
2006 – John M. Ford, American author and poet (b. 1957)
2007 – Haidar Abdel-Shafi, Palestinian negotiator (b. 1919)

Holidays and observances

Mozambique – Armed Forces Day.
French Republican Calendar – Colchique (Crocus) Day, fourth day in the Month of Vendémiaire.
R.C. Saints – Saint Finbarr.
Abadir and Iraja and companions, in the Coptic Church
Also see September 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).

 

[historylover]

September 26

Events

46 BC – Julius Caesar dedicates a temple to his mythical ancestor Venus Genetrix in accordance with a vow he made at the battle of Pharsalus.
715 – Ragenfrid defeats Theudoald at the Battle of Compiègne.
1212 – Golden Bull of Sicily is certified as an hereditary royal title in Bohemia for the Přemyslid dynasty.
1580 – Sir Francis Drake finishes his circumnavigation of the Earth.
1687 – The Parthenon in Athens is partially destroyed by an explosion caused by the bombing from Venetian forces led by Morosini who are besieging the Ottoman Turks stationed in Athens.
1687 – The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.
1777 – British troops occupy Philadelphia, Pennsylvania during the American Revolution.
1783 – Fayette County, Pennsylvania is created.
1789 – Thomas Jefferson is appointed the first United States Secretary of State, John Jay is appointed the first Chief Justice of the United States, Samuel Osgood is appointed the first United States Postmaster General, and Edmund Randolph is appointed the first United States Attorney General.
1792 – Marc-David Lasource begins accusing Maximilien Robespierre of wanting a dictatorship for France.
1810 – A new Act of Succession is adopted by the Riksdag of the Estates and Jean Baptiste Bernadotte becomes heir to the Swedish throne.
1820 – Colonel Robert Gibbon Johnson proved tomatoes weren't poisonous by eating several on the steps of the courthouse in Salem, New Jersey.
1872 – The first Shriners Temple (called Mecca) is established in New York City.
1907 – New Zealand and Newfoundland each become dominions within the British Empire.
1908 – Ed Reulbach becomes the first and only pitcher to throw two shutouts in one day against the Brooklyn Dodgers.
1914 – The United States Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is established by the Federal Trade Commission Act.
1918 – World War I: The Meuse-Argonne Offensive, the bloodiest single battle in American history, begins.
1934 – Steamship RMS Queen Mary is launched.
1944 – World War II: Operation Market Garden fails.
1944 – World War II: On the central front of the Gothic Line Brazilian troops control the Serchio valley region after ten days of fighting.
1950 – United Nations troops recapture Seoul from the North Koreans.
1950 – Indonesia is admitted to the United Nations.
1954 – Japanese rail ferry Toya Maru sinks during a typhoon in the Tsugaru Strait, Japan killing 1,172.
1960 – In Chicago, the first televised debate takes place between presidential candidates Richard M. Nixon and John F. Kennedy.
1960 – Fidel Castro announces Cuba's support for the U.S.S.R.
1962 – The Yemen Arab Republic is proclaimed.
1969 – The Beatles release their last studio album, Abbey Road.
1970 – The Laguna Fire starts in San Diego County, California, burning 175,425 acres (710 km²).
1973 – Concorde makes its first non-stop crossing of the Atlantic in record-breaking time.
1981 – Baseball: Nolan Ryan sets a Major League record by throwing his fifth no-hitter.
1983 – Soviet military officer Stanislav Petrov averts a worldwide nuclear war.
1983 – Australia II, the first non-American winner, wins the Americas Cup.
1984 – The United Kingdom agrees to handover of Hong Kong
1997 – A Garuda Indonesia Airbus A-300 crashes near Medan, Indonesia, airport, killing 234.
1997 – An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and the Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse.
2000 – Anti-globalization protests in Prague (some 20,000 protesters) turn violent during the IMF and World Bank summits.
2000 – The MS Express Samina sinks off Paros in the Agean sea killing 80 passengers.
2002 – The overcrowded Senegalese ferry MV Joola capsizes off the coast of Gambia killing more than 1,000.
2008 – Swiss pilot and inventor Yves Rossy becomes first person to fly a jet engine-powered wing across the English Channel.

Births

1329 – Anna of Bavaria, Queen of the Romans (d. 1353)
1406 – Thomas de Ros, 9th Baron de Ros, English soldier and politician (d. 1430)
1711 – Richard Grenville-Temple, 2nd Earl Temple, English politician (d. 1779)
1750 – Cuthbert Collingwood, 1st Baron Collingwood, British admiral (d. 1810)
1758 – Cosme Argerich, Argentine physician, founder of the Medicine School of Buenos Aires.
1767 – Wenzel Müller, Austrian composer and conductor (d. 1835)
1774 – Johnny Appleseed, American environmentalist (d. 1845)
1791 – Théodore Géricault, French painter (d. 1824)
1820 – Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar, Bengali scholar (d. 1891)
1840 – Louis-Olivier Taillon, French Canadian politician (d. 1923)
1865 – Mary Russell, Duchess of Bedford, English pilot and ornithologist (d. 1937)
1867 – Winsor McCay, animation pioneer (d. 1934)
1869 – Komitas, Armenian composer (d. 1935)
1870 – King Christian X of Denmark (d. 1947)
1871 – Winsor McCay, American cartoonist (d. 1934)
1873 – Wacław Berent, Polish novelist and translator (d. 1940)
1873 – Aleksey Shchusev, Russian architect (d. 1949)
1874 – Lewis Hine, American photographer and social activist (d. 1940)
1875 – Edmund Gwenn, Welsh actor (d. 1959)
1876 – Syed Ghulam Bhik Nairang, a poet and a prominent Indian/Pakistani Muslim leader (d.1952)
1876 – Edith Abbott, American social worker, educator, and author (d. 1957)
1877 – Ugo Cerletti, Italian neurologist (d. 1963)
1877 – Alfred Cortot, Swiss pianist (d. 1962)
1881 – Hiram Wesley Evans, American member of the Ku Klux Klan (d. 1966)
1884 – J. P. Bickell, Canadian businessman and sports team owner (d. 1951)
1886 – Archibald Vivian Hill, English physiologist, Nobel laureate (d. 1977)
1887 – Edwin Keppel Bennett, English writer (d. 1958)
1887 – Antonio Moreno, Spanish-born actor (d. 1967)
1887 – Sir Barnes Wallis, English scientist, engineer and inventor (d. 1979)
1888 – J. Frank Dobie, American folklorist and newspaper columnist (d. 1964)
1888 – T. S. Eliot, American-born British writer and poet, Nobel laureate (d. 1965)
1889 – Martin Heidegger, German philosopher (d. 1976)
1891 – Charles Münch, French conductor and violinist (d. 1968)
1893 – Gladys Brockwell, American actress (d. 1929)
1895 – George Raft, American actor (d. 1980)
1897 – Pope Paul VI (d. 1978)
1897 – Arthur Rhys Davids, English pilot (d. 1917)
1898 – George Gershwin, American composer (d. 1937)
1905 – Emilio Navarro, Puerto Rican baseball player
1907 – Anthony Blunt, English art historian and Soviet spy (d. 1983)
1907 – Bep van Klaveren, Dutch boxer (d. 1992)
1909 – Bill France, Sr., American car racing executive (d. 1992)
1911 – Al Helfer, American radio sportscaster (d. 1975)
1913 – Frank Brimsek, American ice hockey player (d. 1998)
1914 – Jack LaLanne, American fitness, exercise and nutritional expert
1914 – Achille Compagnoni, Italian mountaineer, one of the first to reach the summit of K2 (d. 2009)
1917 – Réal Caouette, French Canadian politician (d. 1976)
1919 – Barbara Britton, American actress (d. 1980)
1919 – Matilde Camus, Spanish poet and researcher
1922 – Nicholas Romanov, French-born pretender to the Russian throne
1923 – Dev Anand, Indian actor and film producer
1925 – Norm Dussault, American ice hockey player
1925 – Marty Robbins, American singer (d. 1982)
1926 – Julie London, American singer and actress (d. 2000)
1926 – Manfred Mayrhofer, Austrian Indo-European Philologist
1927 – Robert Blackburn, Irish educationist (d. 1990)
1927 – Robert Cade, American physician and beverage inventor (d. 2007)
1927 – Patrick O'Neal, American actor (d. 1994)
1928 – Bob Van der Veken, Belgian actor
1930 – Fritz Wunderlich, German tenor (d. 1966)
1930 – Joe Brown, English mountain climber, made the first ascent of Kangchenjunga in 1955
1932 – Richard Herd, American actor
1932 – Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India
1932 – Vladimir Voinovich, Russian writer and dissident
1933 – Donna Douglas, American actress
1935 – Joe Sherlock, Irish Labour Party politician (d. 2007)
1936 – Winnie Mandela, South African anti-apartheid activist
1937 – Valentin Pavlov, Soviet politician (d. 2003)
1937 – Jerry Weintraub, American film producer
1939 – Ricky Tomlinson, English actor
1941 – Salvatore Accardo, Italian violinist and conductor
1942 – Kent McCord, American actor
1943 – Ian Chappell, Australian cricketer and broadcaster
1943 – Tim Schenken, Australian racing driver
1944 – Anne Robinson, English television host
1945 – Louise Beaudoin, French Canadian politician
1945 – Gal Costa, Brazilian singer
1945 – Bryan Ferry, English singer (Roxy Music)
1946 – Andrea Dworkin, American feminist (d. 2005)
1946 – Christine Todd Whitman, American politician
1946 – Radha Krishna Mainali, Nepalese politician
1946 – Louise Simonson, American comic book writer and editor
1947 – Lynn Anderson, American country music singer
1948 – Olivia Newton-John, English-born Australian singer and actress
1949 – Clodoaldo, Brazilian football player
1949 – Jane Smiley, American novelist
1949 – Minette Walters, English novelist
1951 – Stuart Tosh, Scottish musician
1952 – Predrag Miletić, Serbian actor
1953 – Joe Benigno, American radio personality
1953 – Dolores Keane, Irish folk singer
1953 – Aivars Lembergs, Latvian politician
1954 – Kevin Kennedy, American baseball manager and television host
1955 – Carlene Carter, American singer
1956 – Steve Butler, American racing driver
1956 – Linda Hamilton, American actress
1958 – Richard B. Weldon, Jr., American politician
1958 – Robert Kagan, American historian
1959 – Rich Gedman, American baseball player
1959 – Darby Crash, American Singer (The Germs) (d. 1980)
1961 – Will Self, English author
1962 – Melissa Sue Anderson, American actress
1962 – Peter Foster, Australian con-man
1963 – Lysette Anthony, English actress
1964 – Nicki French, English singer
1965 – Cindy Herron, American singer (En Vogue)
1965 – Alexandra Lencastre, Portuguese actress
1966 – Jillian Barberie, Canadian actress and television hostess
1966 – Christos Dantis, Greek composer and singer
1966 – Craig Heyward, American football player (d. 2006)
1967 – Shannon Hoon, American singer (Blind Melon) (d. 1995)
1967 – Kara Saun, American designer
1968 – James Caviezel, American actor
1968 – Ben Shenkman, American actor
1969 – Anthony Kavanagh, French-Canadian comedian, actor and singer
1969 – Andy Petterson, Australian footballer
1969 – Paul Warhurst, English footballer
1969 – David Ferguson, British murderer
1970 – Sheri Moon Zombie, American actress
1972 – Ras Kass, American rapper
1972 – Melanie Paxson, American actress
1972 – Shawn Stockman, American singer (Boyz II Men)
1973 – Marty Casey, American singer (Lovehammers)
1973 – Chris Small, Scottish snooker player
1973 – Olga Vasdeki, Greek triple jumper
1974 – Boris Cepeda,German-Ecuadorian pianist and diplomat
1974 – Gary Hall, Jr., American swimmer
1974 – Martin Müürsepp, Estonian basketball player
1975 – Emma Härdelin, Swedish singer (Garmarna and Triakel)
1975 – Jake Paltrow, American film director, brother of Gwyneth Paltrow
1976 – Michael Ballack, German footballer
1976 – Tyler Denk, American model and reality show contestant
1977 – Kaylynn, American porn star
1978 – Robert Kipkoech Cheruiyot, Kenyan long-distance runner
1979 – Jon Harley, English footballer
1979 – Fuifui Moimoi, New Zealand (Tongan) rugby league footballer
1979 – Jaycie Phelps, American gymnast
1979 – Jacob Tierney, Canadian actor
1979 – Naomichi Marufuji, Japanese professional wrestler
1980 – Jane Darling, Czech porn model/actress
1980 – Patrick Friesacher, Austrian race car driver
1980 – Brooks Orpik, American ice hockey player
1980 – Daniel Sedin, Swedish ice hockey player
1980 – Henrik Sedin, Swedish ice hockey player
1981 – Collien Fernandes, German TV host and actress
1981 – Christina Milian, American actress and singer
1981 – Serena Williams, American tennis player
1981 – Aras Baskauskas, Winner of Survivor: Panama
1982 – Miguel Alfredo Portillo, Argentine footballer
1982 – Rob Burrow, English rugby player
1983 – Ricardo Quaresma, Portuguese footballer
1983 – Samantha Hammel, American record producer and actress
1984 – Keisha Buchanan, English singer (Sugababes)
1984 – Thore Schölermann, German actor
1985 – Lenna Kuurmaa, Estonian singer (Vanilla Ninja)
1986 – Ashley Leggat, Canadian actress
1987 – Rosie Munter, Swedish singer (Play)
1988 – Kiira Korpi, Finnish figure skater
1988 – Mark Simpson, English clarinetist and composer
1989 – Emma Rigby, English actress
2000 – Princess Salma bint Al Abdullah II of Jordan

Deaths

1417 – Francesco Zabarella, Italian jurist (b. 1360)
1468 – Juan de Torquemada, Spanish Catholic cardinal (b. 1388)
1501 – Džore Držić, Croatian writer (b. 1461)
1620 – Taichang Emperor of China (b. 1582)
1626 – Wakisaka Yasuharu, Japanese warrior (b. 1554)
1716 – Antoine Parent, French mathematician (b. 1666)
1763 – John Byron, English poet (b. 1692)
1764 – Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro, Spanish scholar (b. 1767)
1800 – William Billings, American choral composer (b. 1746)
1802 – Baron Jurij Vega, Slovenian mathematician and military officer (b. 1754)
1820 – Daniel Boone, American frontiersman (b. 1734)
1868 – August Ferdinand Möbius, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1790)
1877 – Hermann Grassmann, German mathematician and physicist (b. 1809)
1902 – Levi Strauss, American clothing manufacturer (b. 1829)
1904 – John F. Stairs, Canadian businessman and statesman (b. 1848)
1904 – Lafcadio Hearn, Greek writer (b. 1850)
1937 – Bessie Smith, American singer (b. 1894)
1945 – Béla Bartók, Hungarian composer (b. 1881)
1947 – Hugh Lofting, English writer (b. 1886)
1951 – Hans Cloos, German geologist (b. 1885)
1952 – George Santayana, Spanish philosopher (b. 1863)
1953 – Xu Beihong, Chinese painter (b. 1895)
1954 – Ellen Roosevelt, American tennis player (b. 1868)
1965 – James Fitzmaurice, Irish aviation pioneer (b. 1898)
1968 – Daniel Johnson, Sr., French-Canadian politician (b. 1915)
1972 – Charles Correll, American radio actor (b. 1890)
1973 – Ralph Earnhardt, American race car driver (b. 1923)
1973 – Anna Magnani, Italian actress (b. 1908)
1976 – Lavoslav Ružička, Croatian chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1887)
1978 – Manne Siegbahn, Swedish physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1886)
1979 – Arthur Hunnicutt, American actor (b. 1910)
1982 – Alec Hurwood, Australian cricketer (b. 1902)
1983 – Tino Rossi, French singer and actor (b. 1907)
1984 – John Facenda, American sports announcer (b. 1913)
1984 – Paquirri, Spanish bullfighter (b. 1948)
1986 – Hugh Franklin, American soap opera actor (b. 1916)
1987 – Herbert Tichy, Austrian mountaineer, made the first ascent of Cho Oyu in 1954
1989 – Hemanta Kumar Mukhopadhyay, Indian singer and composer (b. 1920)
1990 – Alberto Moravia, Italian author (b. 1907)
1991 – Billy Vaughn, American bandleader (b. 1919)
1998 – Betty Carter, American singer (b. 1930)
1999 – Oseola McCarty, American philanthropist (b. 1908)
2000 – Richard Mulligan, American actor (b. 1932)
2000 – Baden Powell, Brazilian guitarist (b. 1937)
2003 – Robert Palmer, English singer (b. 1949)
2003 – Shawn Lane, American guitarist (b. 1963)
2004 – Marianna Komlos, professional wrestling valet (b. 1969)
2005 – Helen Cresswell, British author (b. 1934)
2006 – Byron Nelson, American golfer (b. 1912)
2006 – Iva Toguri D'Aquino, alleged Tokyo Rose (b. 1916)
2007 – Dorothy Schwartz, American violinist (b. 1913)
2007 – Bill Wirtz, American sports team owner (b. 1929)
2008 – Paul Newman, American actor (b. 1925)
2008 – Marc Moulin, Belgian musician and journalist (b. 1942)

Holidays and observances

Calendar of Saints – Sts. Cosmas and Damian.
Also see September 26 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
Discordianism – Bureflux.
European Day of Languages.
French Republican Calendar – Cheval (Horse) Day, fifth day in the Month of Vendémiaire.
Petrov Day

 

[historylover]

September 27

Events

489 – Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.
1331 – The Battle of Płowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order is fought.
1540 – The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III.
1590 – Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, making his reign the shortest papacy in history.
1605 – The armies of Sweden are defeated by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm.
1669 – The Venetians surrender the fortress of Candia to the Ottomans, thus ending the 21-year long Siege of Candia.
1777 – Lancaster, Pennsylvania is the capital of the United States, for one day.
1821 – Mexico gains its independence from Spain.
1822 – Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.
1825 – The Stockton and Darlington Railway opens, and begins operation of the world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains.
1854 – The steamship SS Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean.
1903 – Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.
1905 – The physics journal Annalen der Physik published Albert Einstein's paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?", introducing the equation E=mc².
1908 – The first production of the Ford Model T automobile was built at the Piquette Plant in Detroit, Michigan.
1916 – Iyasu is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zauditu.
1922 – King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, King George II.
1928 – The Republic of China is recognised by the United States.
1930 – Bobby Jones wins the U.S. Amateur Championship to complete the Grand Slam of golf. The old structure of the grand slam was the U.S. Open, British Open, U.S. Amateur, and British Amateur.
1937 – Balinese Tiger declared extinct.
1938 – Ocean liner Queen Elizabeth launched in Glasgow.
1940 – World War II: The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy.
1941 – The SS Patrick Henry is launched becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships.
1941 – Foundation of EAM (National Liberation Front) in Greece.
1942 – Last day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps troops barely escape after being surrounded by Japanese forces near the Matanikau River.
1944 – The Kassel Mission results in the largest loss by a USAAF group on any mission in World War II.
1949 – The first Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People's Republic of China.
1954 – The nationwide debut of Tonight! (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC.
1956 – USAF Captain Milburn G. Apt becomes the first man to exceed Mach 3 while flying the Bell X-2. Shortly thereafter, the craft goes out of control and Captain Apt is killed.
1959 – Nearly 5000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshū as the result of a typhoon.
1964 – The Warren Commission releases its report, concluding that Lee Harvey Oswald, acting alone, assassinated President John F. Kennedy.
1968 – The stage musical Hair opened at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, where it played 1,998 performances until its closure was forced by the roof's collapsing in July 1973.
1977 – The 300 metre tall CKVR-TV transmission tower in Barrie, Ontario, Canada is hit by a light aircraft in a fog, causing it to collapse. All aboard the aircraft are killed.
1979 – The United States Department of Education receives final approval from the U.S. Congress to become the 13th US Cabinet agency.
1983 – Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.
1988 – The National League for Democracy, led by Aung San Suu Kyi is founded.
1993 – The Sukhumi massacre takes place in Abkhazia.
1995 – The Government of the United States unveils the first of its redesigned bank notes with the $100 bill featuring a larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin slightly off-center.
1996 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.
1996 – The Julie N. tanker skip crashes into the Million Dollar Bridge in Portland, Maine spilling thousands of gallons of oil.
1997 – Communications are suddenly lost with the Mars Pathfinder space probe.
2002 – Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations.
2003 – Smart 1 satellite is launched.
2008 – CNSA astronaut Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese person to perform a spacewalk while flying on Shenzhou 7.

Births

823 – Ermentrude of Orléans, consort of Charles the Bald (d. 869)
1275 – John II of Brabant (d. 1312)
1389 – Cosimo de Medici, Italian Patron of the Arts (d. 1464)
1544 – Takenaka Shigeharu, Japanese samurai (d. 1579)
1601 – King Louis XIII of France (d. 1643)
1627 – Jacques Benigne Bossuet, French bishop (d. 1704)
1643 – Solomon Stoddard, American Puritan clergyman
1696 – St. Alphonsus Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptionist order (d. 1787)
1719 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d. 1800)
1722 – Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader (d. 1803)
1729 – Michael Denis, Austrian poet (d. 1800)
1772 – Martha Jefferson Randolph, daughter of Thomas Jefferson (d. 1836)
1803 – Samuel Francis du Pont, American admiral (d. 1865)
1805 – George Müller, Prussian orphanage builder (d. 1898)
1818 – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884)
1821 – Henri Frederic Amiel, Swiss writer (d. 1881)
1824 – William "Bull" Nelson, American Civil War general (d. 1862)
1830 – William Babcock Hazen, American Civil War general (d. 1887)
1840 – Thomas Nast, German-born political cartoonist (d. 1902)
1842 – Alphonse Francois Renard, Belgian geologist (d. 1903)
1843 – Gaston Tarry, French mathematician (d. 1913)
1861 – Corinne Roosevelt Robinson, sister of US President Theodore Roosevelt (d. 1933)
1864 – Andrej Hlinka, Slovak politician and Catholic Priest (d. 1938)
1866 – Eurosia Fabris, Italian Catholic Blessed (d. 1932)
1871 – Grazia Deledda, Italian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)
1879 – Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (d. 1934)
1879 – Cyril Scott, English composer (d. 1970)
1885 – Harry Blackstone, Sr., American magician (d. 1965)
1894 – Olive Tell, American actress (d. 1951)
1894 – Lothar von Richthofen German pilot (d. 1922)
1895 – Woolf Barnato, British racing driver (d. 1948)
1896 – Sam Ervin, American politician (d. 1985)
1898 – Vincent Youmans, American composer and producer (d. 1946)
1904 – Edvard Kocbek, Slovenian poet, author and politician (d. 1981)
1906 – William Empson, British poet (d. 1984)
1906 – Jim Thompson, American author (d. 1977)
1907 – Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher (d. 2003)
1911 – John Harvey, actor (d. 1982)
1911 – Marcey Jacobson, American photographer (d. 2009)
1913 – Albert Ellis, American psychologist (d. 2007)
1916 – Frank Handlen, American artist
1917 – Louis Auchincloss, American novelist
1917 – William T. Orr, American television producer (d. 2002)
1918 – Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, Nobel laureate (d. 1984)
1919 – James H. Wilkinson, American mathematician (d. 1986)
1919 – Johnny Pesky, American baseball player
1919 – Charles Percy. American politician
1920 – William Conrad, American actor (d. 1994)
1920 – Jayne Meadows, American actress
1921 – Milton Subotsky, American TV and film producer (d. 1991)
1922 – Carl Ballantine, American actor
1922 – Arthur Penn, American director
1924 – Bernard Waber, American author
1924 – Fred Singer, American scientist
1924 – Bud Powell, American jazz pianist (d. 1966)
1924 – Josef Škvorecký, Czech writer and exulant publisher
1927 – Romano Scarpa, Italian comic book artist
1927 – Steve Stavro, Canadian businessman (d. 2006)
1929 – Barbara Murray, English actress
1931 – Freddy Quinn, Austrian singer
1932 – Roger C. Carmel, American actor (d. 1986)
1932 – Michael Colvin, Canadian singer
1932 – Oliver E. Williamson, American economist
1932 – Yash Chopra, Indian director
1932 – Geoff Bent, English footballer (d. 1958)
1933 – Will Sampson, American actor (d. 1987)
1933 – Greg Morris, American actor (d. 1996)
1933 – Rodney Cotterill, Danish-English physicist (d. 2007)
1934 – Wilford Brimley, American actor
1934 – Claude Jarman Jr., American actor
1934 – Dick Schaap, American sports reporter (d. 2001)
1936 – Don Cornelius, American television host
1936 – Gordon Honeycombe, British playwright
1939 – Kathy Whitworth, American golfer
1939 – Carol Lynn Pearson, American poet and writer
1940 – Benoni Beheyt, Belgian cyclist
1941 – Serge Ménard, Québécois politician
1941 – Peter Bonetti, English footballer
1941 – Gay Kayler Ashcroft, Australian country music singer
1942 – Dith Pran, Cambodian-born photojournalist (d. 2008)
1942 – Alvin Stardust, English singer
1943 – Randy Bachman, Canadian musician
1943 – Amedeo, 5th Duke of Aosta, Italian aristocrat
1945 – Jack Goldstein, Canadian-born artist (d. 2003)
1945 – Kay Ryan, American poet
1946 – Robin Nedwell, English comedy actor (d. 1999)
1946 – T.C. Cannon, Kiowa-Caddo-Choctaw artist (d. 1978)
1947 – Barbara Dickson, Scottish singer
1947 – Denis Lawson, Scottish actor
1947 – Meat Loaf, American singer
1947 – Liz Torres, American actress and singer
1948 – Michele Dotrice, English actress
1948 – Duncan Fletcher, Rhodesia and Zimbabwe cricketer, ex-coach of England cricket team
1948 – A Martinez, American actor
1948 – Tom Braidwood, Canadian actor
1948 – John K. Reed, American coral biologist
1948 – Les Chapman, English footballer and football manager
1949 – Graham Richardson, Australian politician
1949 – Mike Schmidt, American baseball player
1949 – Jahn Teigen, Norwegian singer
1950 – Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, Japanese actor
1951 – Jim Shooter, American comic book writer
1951 – Paul Craig, British law professor
1951 – Michel Rivard, Québécois singer and composer (Beau Dommage)
1952 – Didier Dubois, French mathematician
1952 – Dumitru Prunariu, Romanian cosmonaut
1952 – André Viger, French Canadian marathoner
1953 – Diane Julie Abbott, British politician
1953 – Mata Amritanandamayi, Indian religious leader
1953 – Greg Ham, Australian musician (Men at Work)
1953 – Claudio Gentile, Italian footballer
1954 – Ray Hadley, Australian radio broadcaster
1958 – Shaun Cassidy, American singer
1959 – Beth Heiden, American speed skater
1960 – Barron Lerner, American physician and historian
1960 – Jean-Marc Barr, French-American actor and director
1961 – Irvine Welsh, Scottish writer
1961 – Andy Lau, Hong Kong actor and singer
1964 – Stephan Jenkins, American singer (Third Eye Blind)
1965 – Ricky Fuji, Japanese professional wrestler
1965 – Steve Kerr, American basketball player
1965 – Peter MacKay, Canadian political leader
1965 – Alexis Stewart, American radio personality
1965 – Bernard Lord, Premier of New Brunswick
1966 – Uche Okechukwu, Nigerian international football player
1970 – Yoshiharu Habu, Japanese professional shogi player
1970 – Tamara Taylor, American actress(Bones)
1971 – Li Yapeng, Chinese actor
1971 – Amanda Detmer, American actress
1972 – Sylvia Crawley, American basketball player
1972 – Clara Hughes, Canadian cyclist
1972 – Gwyneth Paltrow, American actress
1972 – Craig L. Rice, American Politician
1975 – Thanos Petrelis, Greek singer
1976 – Dean Butterworth, English musician
1976 – Matt Harding, American video game developer
1976 – Jason Phillips, American baseball player
1976 – Francesco Totti, Italian footballer
1977 – Andrus Värnik, Estonian javelin thrower
1978 – Jon Rauch, American baseball player
1979 – Jon Garland, American baseball player
1979 – Zita Görög, Hungarian actress and model
1979 – Christian Jones, Australian racing driver
1979 – Steve Simpson, Australian rugby league footballer
1980 – Asashōryū, Mongolian sumo wrestler
1981 – Lakshmipathy Balaji, Indian cricketer
1981 – Sophie Crumb, American comics artist
1981 – Brendon McCullum, New Zealand cricketer
1981 – Cytherea, American adult actress
1982 – Zero Kazama, Japanese-American gameshow host
1982 – Lil Wayne, American rapper
1982 – Darrent Williams, American football player (d. 2007)
1983 – Travis MacRae, Canadian singer-songwriter
1983 – Shermon Tang, Hong Kong actress
1983 – Jeon Hye Bin, Korean actress
1984 – Paul Bevan, Australian rules footballer
1984 – John Lannan, American baseball player
1984 – Avril Lavigne, Canadian singer-songwriter
1986 – Vin Mazzaro, American baseball player
1986 – Ricardo Risatti, Argentine racing driver
1989 – Park Tae-Hwan, South Korean swimmer
1990 – Kylee Lin, American beauty pageant winner
1992 – Jake Burbage, American actor
1995 – Lina Leandersson, Swedish actress
1996 – Iman bint Al Abdullah II, princess of Jordan
1996 – Daeg Faerch, Danish-born Canadian actor

Deaths

1249 – Count Raymond VII of Toulouse (b. 1197)
1304 – John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey, English soldier (b. 1231)
1404 – William of Wykeham, English bishop (b. 1320)
1557 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1497)
1590 – Pope Urban VII (b. 1521)
1615 – Arbella Stuart, English noblewoman (b. 1575)
1651 – Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1573)
1660 – Vincent de Paul, French saint (b. 1580)
1700 – Pope Innocent XII (b. 1615)
1719 – George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)
1730 – Laurence Eusden, English poet (b. 1688)
1735 – Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (b. 1705)
1737 – John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester, English privy councillor (b. 1680)
1742 – Hugh Boulter, Irish Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1672)
1783 – Étienne Bézout, French mathematician (b. 1730)
1832 – Karl Christian Friedrich Krause, German philosopher (b. 1781)
1838 – Bernard Courtois, French chemist (b. 1777)
1876 – Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (b. 1817)
1891 – Ivan Goncharov, Russian author (b. 1812)
1911 – Auguste Michel-Lévy, French geologist (b. 1844)
1915 – Remy de Gourmont, French poet (b. 1858)
1917 – Edgar Degas, French painter (b. 1834)
1921 – Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (b. 1854)
1940 – Walter Benjamin, German philosopher (b. 1892)
1940 – Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian neuroscientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)
1944 – Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (b. 1890)
1956 – Gerald Finzi, English composer (b. 1901)
1956 – Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete (b. 1911)
1956 – William Edward Boeing, American aviation pioneer (b. 1881)
1960 – Sylvia Pankhurst, English suffragette (b. 1882)
1965 – Clara Bow, American actress (b. 1905)
1965 – Sir William Stanier, British railway engineer (b. 1876)
1972 – S. R. Ranganathan, Indian mathematician (b. 1892)
1974 – Silvio Frondizi, Argentine lawyer, assassinated by the Triple A(b. 1907)
1975 – Jack Lang, Australian politician (b. 1876)
1979 – Dame Gracie Fields, British comedian (b. 1898)
1979 – Jimmy McCulloch, Scottish guitarist (b. 1953)
1981 – Robert Montgomery, American actor (b. 1904)
1985 – Lloyd Nolan, American actor (b. 1902)
1986 – Cliff Burton, American bassist (Metallica) (b. 1962)
1991 – Oona O'Neill, daughter of playwright Eugene O'Neill and 4th wife of Charlie Chaplin (b. 1926)
1993 – Jimmy Doolittle, American general (b. 1896)
1996 – Mohammad Najibullah, President of Afghanistan (b. 1947)
1997 – Walter Trampler, American violist (b. 1915)
1998 – Narita Bryan, Japanese racehorse (b. 1991)
1998 – Doak Walker, American football player (b. 1927)
2003 – Donald O'Connor, American actor (b. 1925)
2004 – John E. Mack, American psychiatrist and author (b. 1929)
2005 – Ronald Golias, Brazilian comedian (b. 1929)
2007 – Kenji Nagai, Japanese photojournalist (b. 1957)
2008 – Mahendra Kapoor, Indian singer (b. 1934)
2009 – Ivan Dykhovichnyy, Russian film director and screenwriter (b. 1947)

Holidays and observances

RC Saints – Saint Vincent de Paul.
Feast Day of St Adheritus
Ethiopian Orthodox Church – Meskel.
Also see September 27 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
Bahá'í Faith – Feast of Mashíyyat (Will) – First day of the eleventh month of the Bahá'í calendar.
Belgium – French Community Holiday.
French Republican Calendar – Balsamine (Impatiens) Day, sixth day in the Month of Vendémiaire.
World Tourism Day.

 

[historylover]

September 28

Events

48 BC – Pompey the Great is assassinated on the orders of King Ptolemy of Egypt after landing in Egypt.
351 – Battle of Mursa Major: the Roman Emperor Constantius II defeats the usurper Magnentius.
365 – Roman usurper Procopius bribes two legions passing by Constantinople, and proclaims himself Roman emperor.
935 – Saint Wenceslas is murdered by his brother, Boleslaus I of Bohemia.
995 – Members of Slavník's dynasty – Spytimír, Pobraslav, Pořej and Čáslav are murdered by Boleslaus's son, Boleslaus II the Pious.
1066 – William the Conqueror invades England: the Norman Conquest begins.
1106 – The Battle of Tinchebrai – Henry I of England defeats his brother, Robert Curthose.
1322 – Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor defeats Frederick I of Austria in the Battle of Mühldorf.
1448 – Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
1542 – Navigator João Rodrigues Cabrilho of Portugal arrives at what is now San Diego, California, United States.
1708 – Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
1779 – American Revolution: Samuel Huntington is elected President of the Continental Congress, succeeding John Jay.
1781 – American forces backed by a French fleet begin the siege of Yorktown, Virginia, during the American Revolutionary War.
1787 – The newly completed United States Constitution is voted on by the U.S. Congress to be sent to the state legislatures for approval.
1791 – France becomes the first European country to emancipate its Jewish population.
1844 – Oscar I of Sweden-Norway is crowned king of Sweden.
1864 – The International Workingmen's Association is founded in London.
1867 – Toronto becomes the capital of Ontario.
1867 – The United States takes control of Midway Island.
1868 – Battle of Alcolea causes Queen Isabella II of Spain to flee to France.
1889 – The first General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) defines the length of a meter as the distance between two lines on a standard bar of an alloy of platinum with ten percent iridium, measured at the melting point of ice.
1891 – Club Atletico Peñarol is founded under the name of Central Uruguay Railway Cricket Club
1928 – The U.K. Parliament passes the Dangerous Drugs Act outlawing cannabis.
1928 – Sir Alexander Fleming notices a bacteria-killing mould growing in his laboratory, discovering what later became known as penicillin.
1939 – Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a division of Poland after their invasion during World War II.
1939 – Warsaw surrenders to Nazi Germany during World War II.
1944 – Soviet Army troops liberate Klooga concentration camp in Klooga, Estonia.
1958 – France ratifies a new Constitution of France; the French Fifth Republic is then formed upon the formal adoption of the new constitution on October 4. Guinea rejects the new constitution, voting for independence instead.
1961 – A military coup in Damascus effectively ends the United Arab Republic, the union between Egypt and Syria.
1962 – The Paddington tram depot fire destroys 65 trams in Brisbane, Australia.
1971 – The Parliament of the United Kingdom passes the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 banning the medicinal use of cannabis.
1973 – The ITT Building in New York City is bombed in protest at ITT's alleged involvement in the September 11 1973 coup d'état in Chile.
1975 – The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken hostage, takes place in London.
1994 – The car ferry MS Estonia sinks in Baltic Sea, killing 852 people.
1995 – Bob Denard and a group of mercenaries take the islands of Comoros in a coup.
2000 – Al-Aqsa Intifada: Ariel Sharon visits the Temple Mount in Jerusalem.
2008 – SpaceX launches the first ever private spacecraft, the Falcon 1 into orbit.

Births

551 BC – Confucius, Chinese philosopher (d. 479)
58 BC – Livia Drusilla, wife of the Roman emperor Caesar Augustus (d. 29)
1330 – Nicolas Flamel, French alchemist (d. 1418)
1493 – Agnolo Firenzuola, Italian poet (d. 1545)
1571 – Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio, Italian artist (d. 1610)
1605 – Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer (d. 1694)
1667 – Asano Naganori, Japanese warlord (d. 1701)
1681 – Johann Mattheson, German composer (d. 1764)
1705 – Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, English statesman (d. 1774)
1746 – Sir William Jones, English philologist (d. 1794)
1792 – Johann Georg Hiedler, Grandfather of Adolf Hitler (d. 1857)
1803 – Prosper Mérimée, French author (d. 1870)
1809 – Alvan Wentworth Chapman, American physician and botanist (d. 1899)
1821 – Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American politician (d. 1874)
1823 – Alexandre Cabanel, French painter (d. 1889)
1824 – Francis Turner Palgrave, British critic and poet (d. 1897)
1835 – Sai Baba of Shirdi (d. 1918)
1836 – Thomas Crapper, English inventor (d. 1910)
1841 – Georges Clemenceau, French politician (d. 1929)
1852 – Henri Moissan, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
1856 – Kate Douglas Wiggin, American children's author (d. 1923)
1861 – Amélie of Orléans, queen of Portugal (d. 1951)
1867 – Hiranuma Kiichirō, Prime Minister of Japan (d. 1952)
1881 – Pedro de Cordoba, American actor (d. 1950)
1887 – Avery Brundage, American athlete and sports official (d. 1975)
1889 – Jack Fournier, American baseball player (d. 1973)
1891 – Myrtle Gonzalez, American actress (d. 1918)
1893 – Giannis Skaribas, Greek writer and dramatist (d. 1984)
1898 – Carl Clauberg, Nazi concentration camp doctor (d. 1957)
1901 – William S. Paley, American radio and television executive (d. 1990)
1901 – Ed Sullivan, American television show host (d. 1974)
1905 – Max Schmeling, German boxer (d. 2005)
1907 – Heikki Savolainen, Finnish gymnast (d. 1997)
1907 – Bhagat Singh, Indian activist (d. 1931)
1909 – Al Capp, American cartoonist (d. 1979)
1910 – Diosdado Macapagal, 9th President of the Philippines (d. 1997)
1910 – Wenceslao Vinzons, Filipino politician and resistance leader (d. 1942)
1913 – Warja Honegger-Lavater, Swiss artist and illustrator (d. 2007)
1916 – Peter Finch, English-born actor (d. 1977)
1918 – Ángel Labruna, Argentinian football player and coach (d. 1983)
1923 – John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch, British politician (d. 2007)
1923 – William Windom, American actor
1924 – Marcello Mastroianni, Italian actor (d. 1996)
1925 – Seymour Cray, American computer scientist (d. 1996)
1925 – Cromwell Everson, South African composer (d. 1991)
1925 – Arnold Stang, American actor
1926 – Jerry Clower, American comedian (d. 1998)
1929 – Lata Mangeshkar, Indian playback singer
1930 – Immanuel Wallerstein, American sociologist
1932 – Víctor Jara, Chilean folk singer and activist (d. 1973)
1933 – Miguel Berrocal, sculptor (d. 2006)
1934 – Brigitte Bardot, French actress
1934 – Janet Munro, British actress (d. 1972)
1935 – Heather Sears, British actress (d. 1994)
1937 – Alice Mahon, English politician and labor leader
1937 – Rod Roddy, American television announcer (d. 2003)
1938 – Ben E. King, American r&b singer
1939 – Stuart Kauffman, American biologist
1939 – Rudolph Walker, Trinidadian-born British actor
1941 – Edmund Stoiber, German politician
1942 – Marshall Bell, American actor
1942 – Pierre Clémenti, French actor (d. 1999)
1942 – Tim Maia, Brazilian singer (d. 1998)
1943 – Nick St. Nicholas, Canadian musician (Steppenwolf)
1943 – J. T. Walsh, American actor (d. 1998)
1943 – Warren Lieberfarb, American media executive
1946 – Jeffrey Jones, American actor
1946 – Helen Shapiro, English singer
1947 – Bob Carr, Australian politician
1947 – Sheikh Hasina, Bangladeshi politician
1950 – Laurie Lewis, American musician
1950 – John Sayles, American director and screenwriter
1951 – Wei Chen, Canadian journalist
1952 – Sylvia Kristel, Dutch actress
1954 – Steve Largent, American football player and U.S. Congressman
1954 – George Lynch, American musician (Dokken)
1955 – Stéphane Dion, Canadian politician
1959 – Ron Fellows, Canadian race car driver
1959 – Steve Hytner, American actor
1959 – Dantes Tsitsi, Nauruan politician
1960 – Jennifer Rush, American pop singer
1961 – Quentin Kawananakoa, pretender to the throne of the Kingdom of Hawaii
1962 – Grant Fuhr, Canadian hockey player
1962 – Chuck Taylor, American music journalist
1963 – Steve Blackman, American professional wrestler
1964 – Claudio Borghi, Argentine football manager (Colo-Colo)
1964 – Laura Cerón, American actress
1964 – Janeane Garofalo, American actress and comedian
1964 – Paul Jewell, English football manager
1965 – Ginger Fish, American drummer (Marilyn Manson)
1966 – Puri Jagannadh, Indian film director
1966 – Maria Canals Barrera, American actress, singer
1967 – Mira Sorvino, American actress
1967 – Moon Unit Zappa, American singer and actress
1968 – Mika Häkkinen, Finnish race car driver
1968 – Naomi Watts, English-born Australian actress
1968 – Rob Moroso, American NASCAR driver (d. 1990)
1969 – Mark Everett, American fugitive (d. 2008)
1969 – Ben Greenman, American author
1969 – Éric Lapointe, Canadian singer
1969 – Nico Vaesen, Belgian footballer
1970 – Mike DeJean, American baseball player
1970 – Gualter Salles, Brazilian racing driver
1971 – Alan Wright, English footballer
1971 – Joseph Arthur, American singer-songwriter
1972 – Dita Von Teese, American burlesque artist
1973 – Jori Hulkkonen, Finnish electronic musician
1973 – Brian Rafalski, American ice hockey player
1974 – Mariya Kiselyova, Russian swimmer
1974 – Joonas Kolkka, Finnish footballer
1974 – Shane Webcke, Australian rugby player
1974 – John Light, English actor
1975 – Stuart Clark, Australian cricketeer
1975 – Lenny Krayzelburg, American swimmer
1976 – Fedor Emelianenko, Russian mixed martial artist
1977 – Se Ri Pak, Korean golfer
1978 – Bushido, German rapper
1979 – Bam Margera, American skateboarder
1981 – José Calderón, Spanish basketball player
1981 – Jorge Guagua, Ecuadorian footballer
1981 – Gül Gölge, Turkish model and actress
1981 – Iracema Trevisan, Brazilian musician (CSS)
1982 – Ray Emery, Canadian hockey player
1982 – Ranbir Kapoor, Indian actor
1982 – Nolwenn Leroy, French singer
1982 – Emeka Okafor, American basketball player
1982 – Dustin Penner, Canadian hockey player
1982 – Anderson Varejão, Brazilian basketball player
1982 – Abhinav Bindra, Indian shooter
1983 – Stefan Moore, English footballer
1984 – Melody Thornton, American singer and dancer (Pussycat Dolls)
1984 – Ryan Zimmerman, American baseball player
1986 – Andrés Guardado, Mexican footballer
1987 – Hilary Duff, American actress, singer
1988 – Marin Čilić, Croatian tennis player
1988 – Esmée Denters, Dutch singer
1988 – Aleks Vrteski, Australian footballer
1989 – Mark Randall, English footballer
1992 – Skye McCole Bartusiak, American actress
2000 – Frankie Jonas, American actor

Deaths

48 BC – Pompey, Roman general and politician (b. 106 BC)
235 – Saint Pontianus, Pope
876 – Louis the German, King of Eastern Francia (b. 804)
935 – Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia (b. 907)
1104 – Pedro I, king of Aragon and Navarre (b. 1068)
1197 – Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1165)
1429 – Cymburgis of Masovia, wife of Duke Ernest of Austria
1582 – George Buchanan, Scottish historian (b. 1506)
1618 – Joshua Sylvester, English poet (b. 1563)
1687 – Francis Turretin, Swiss theologian (b. 1623)
1694 – Gabriel Mouton, French scientist (b. 1618)
1702 – Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland, English statesman (b. 1640)
1742 – Jean Baptiste Massillon, French churchman (b. 1663)
1781 – William Henry Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford, British diplomat and statesman (b. 1717)
1844 – Pyotr Aleksandrovich Tolstoy, Russian general and statesman (b. 1769)
1873 – Émile Gaboriau, French writer and journalist (b. 1832)
1891 – Herman Melville, American novelist (b. 1819)
1895 – Louis Pasteur, French scientist (b. 1822)
1914 – Richard Sears, businessman (Sears, Roebuck and Company) (b. 1863)
1915 – Saitou Hajime, 3rd squad leader of the Shinsengumi died under name of Goro Fujita (b. 1844)
1918 – Georg Simmel, German sociologist and philosopher (b. 1858)
1918 – Freddie Stowers, American soldier (b. 1896)
1935 – W.K. Dickson, Scottish inventor (b. 1860)
1938 – Charles Duryea, American automobile manufacturer (b. 1861)
1953 – Edwin Hubble, American astronomer (b. 1889)
1956 – William Edward Boeing, American aviation pioneer (b. 1881)
1957 – Luis Cluzeau Mortet, Uruguayan composer and musician(b. 1888)
1959 – Rudolf Caracciola, German race car driver (b. 1901)
1964 – Harpo Marx, American comedian and actor (b. 1888)
1966 – André Breton, French poet (b. 1896)
1970 – John Dos Passos, American novelist (b. 1896)
1970 – Gamal Abdel Nasser, the second President of Egypt (b. 1918)
1978 – Pope John Paul I (b. 1912), after just 33 days in office
1979 – John Herbert Chapman, Canadian physicist (b. 1921)
1981 – Rómulo Betancourt, President of Venezuela (b. 1908)
1982 – Mabel Albertson, American actress (b. 1901)
1988 – Charles Addams, American cartoonist (b. 1912)
1989 – Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (b. 1917)
1991 – Miles Davis, American jazz trumpeter (b. 1926)
1993 – Peter De Vries, American novelist (b. 1910)
1993 – Fraser MacPherson, Canadian jazz saxophonist (b. 1928)
1993 – Alexander A. Drabik, American soldier (b. 1910)
1994 – Urmas Alender, Estonian singer and musician (b. 1953)
1994 – José Francisco Ruiz Massieu, Mexican politician (assassinated) (b. 1946)
1994 – Harry Saltzman, American film producer (b. 1915)
2000 – Pierre Trudeau, 15th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1919)
2002 – Patsy Mink, U.S. Congresswoman (b. 1927)
2002 – Hartland Molson, Canadian businessman (Molson family), senator and sports executive (Montreal Canadiens) (b. 1907)
2003 – Althea Gibson, American tennis player (b. 1927)
2003 – Elia Kazan, Greek-born American film director (b. 1909)
2003 – George Odlum, Saint Lucian politician (b. 1934)
2004 – Geoffrey Beene, American fashion designer (b. 1924)
2004 – Scott Muni, American disc jockey (b. 1930)
2005 – Constance Baker Motley, American judge (b. 1921)
2007 – René Desmaison, French mountaineer (b. 1930)
2007 – Wally Parks, Founder of the NHRA (b. 1913)

Holidays and observances

Czech Republic – Czech Statehood Day.
Taiwan and The Philippines – Teacher's Day.
The Philippines – Day of Awareness and Unity Against Child Pornography
World Rabies Day
French Republican Calendar – Carotte (Carrot) Day, seventh day in the Month of Vendémiaire.
Feast day of the following RC Saints
Leoba
St. Wenceslas
Lorenzo Ruiz
Aaron of Auxerre
Paternus of Auch

 

[Montrealman]

I love this thread.

 

[historylover]

I love this thread.

Happy to keep the thread going.

September 29

Events

522 BC – Darius I of Persia kills the Magian usurper Gaumâta, securing his hold as king of the Persian Empire.
480 BC – Battle of Salamis: The Greek fleet under Themistocles defeats the Persian fleet under Xerxes I.
61 BC – Pompey the Great celebrates his third triumph for victories over the pirates and the end of the Mithridatic Wars on his 45th birthday.
1227 – Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, is excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX for his failure to participate in the Crusades.
1364 – Battle of Auray: English forces defeat the French in Brittany; end of the Breton War of Succession.
1567 – The second War of Religion in France breaks out.
1567 – At a dinner, the Duke of Alba arrests the Count of Egmont and the Count of Hoorn for treason.
1650 – Henry Robinson opens his Office of Addresses and Encounters – the first historically documented dating service – in Threadneedle Street, London.
1717 – An earthquake strikes Antigua Guatemala, destroying much of the city's architecture and making authorities consider moving the capital to a different city.
1789 – The U.S. War Department first establishes a regular army with a strength of several hundred men.
1789 – The first U.S. Congress adjourns.
1829 – The Metropolitan Police of London, later also known as the Met, is founded.
1848 – Battle of Pákozd: Hungarian forces defeat Croats at Pákozd; the first battle of the War of Independence.
1850 – The Roman Catholic hierarchy is re-established in England and Wales by Pope Pius IX.
1864 – American Civil War: The Battle of Chaffin's Farm is fought.
1885 – The first practical public electric tramway in the world is opened in Blackpool, England.
1907 – The cornerstone is laid at Washington National Cathedral in the U.S. capital.
1911 – Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
1916 – John D. Rockefeller becomes the first billionaire.
1918 – World War I: The Hindenburg Line is broken by Allied forces. Bulgaria signs an armistice.
1932 – Chaco War: Last day of the Battle of Boquerón between Paraguay and Bolivia.
1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Ukraine: German Einsatzgruppe C begins the Babi Yar massacre. According to the Einsatzgruppen Operational Situation Report No. 101, at least 33,771 Jews from Kiev and its suburbs are killed at Babi Yar on September 29 – 30, 1941.
1943 – World War II: U.S. General Dwight D. Eisenhower and Italian Marshal Pietro Badoglio sign an armistice aboard the Royal Navy battleship HMS Nelson off Malta.
1949 – The Communist Party of China writes the Common Programme for the future People's Republic of China.
1951 – The first network football game is televised by CBS-TV in color. The game was between the University of California and the University of Pennsylvania.
1954 – The convention establishing CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) is signed.
1954 – Major League Baseball: Willie Mays of the then New York Giants makes "The Catch" at The Polo Grounds in Game 1 of the World Series.
1957 – 20 MCi (740 petabecquerels) of radioactive material is released in an explosion at the Soviet Mayak nuclear plant at Chelyabinsk.
1960 – Nikita Khrushchev, leader of Soviet Union, disrupts a meeting of the United Nations General Assembly with a number of angry outbursts.
1962 – Alouette 1, the first Canadian satellite, is launched.
1963 – The second period of the Second Vatican Council opens.
1963 – The University of East Anglia is established in Norwich, England.
1964 – The Argentine comic strip Mafalda is published for the first time.
1966 – The Chevrolet Camaro, originally named Panther, is introduced.
1971 – Oman joins the Arab League.
1972 – Sino-Japanese relations: Japan establishes diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China.
1975 – WGPR in Detroit, Michigan, becomes the world's first black-owned-and-operated television station.
1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pope to set foot on Irish soil with his pastoral visit to the Republic of Ireland.
1982 – The 1982 Chicago Tylenol murders begin when the first of seven individuals dies in metropolitan Chicago.
1988 – Space Shuttle: NASA launches STS-26, the return to flight mission, after the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.


The mission logo of STS-26, flown by OV-103.
1990 – Construction of the Washington National Cathedral is completed.
1990 – The YF-22, which would later become the F-22 Raptor, flies for the first time.
1991 – Military coup in Haiti.
1992 – Brazilian President Fernando Collor de Mello resigns.
1995 – The United States Navy disbands Fighter Squadron 84 (VF-84), nicknamed the "Jolly Rogers".
2001 – The Syracuse Herald-Journal, a U.S. newspaper dating back to 1839, ceases publication.
2004 – The asteroid 4179 Toutatis passes within four lunar distances of Earth.
2004 – The Burt Rutan Ansari X Prize entry SpaceShipOne performs a successful spaceflight, the first of two required to win the prize.
2005 – US Senate confirms John Roberts to be the next Chief Justice of the United States.
2006 – US Representative Mark Foley resigns after allegations of inappropriate emails to house pages are revealed.
2007 – Calder Hall, the world's first commercial nuclear power station, is demolished in a controlled explosion.
2008 – Following the bankruptcies of Lehman Brothers and Washington Mutual, The Dow Jones Industrial Average falls 777.68 points, the largest single-day point loss in its history.

Births

For the birth of Jesus of Nazareth, who is not confirmed to have been born on September 29, see the Christmas holiday.
106 BC – Pompey the Great, consul of Rome (d. 48 BC)
1240 – Margaret of England, Queen consort of Scotland, (d. 1275)
1321 – John of Artois, Count of Eu, French soldier (d. 1387)
1328 – Joan of Kent, wife of Edward, the Black Prince (d. 1385)
1388 – Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, son of Henry IV of England (d. 1421)
1511 – Miguel Servet aka Michael Servetus, Spanish humanist (d. 1553)
1547 – Miguel de Cervantes, Spanish author (d. 1616)
1548 – William V, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1626)
1561 – Adriaan van Roomen, Flemish mathematician (d. 1615)
1571 – Caravaggio, Italian artist (d. 1610)
1636 – Thomas Tenison, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1715)
1639 – Lord William Russell, English politician (d. 1683)
1640 – Antoine Coysevox, French sculptor (d. 1720)
1678 – Adrien-Maurice, 3rd duc de Noailles, French soldier (d. 1766)
1691 – Richard Challoner, English Catholic prelate (d. 1781)
1703 – François Boucher, French painter (d. 1770)
1725 – Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive, British general and statesman (d. 1774)
1758 – Horatio Nelson, British admiral (d. 1805)
1766 – Charlotte, Princess Royal, German queen (d. 1828)
1786 – Guadalupe Victoria, 1st President of Mexico (d. 1843)
1803 – Jacques Charles François Sturm, French mathematician (d. 1850)
1803 – Mercator Cooper, American sea captain (d. 1872)
1808 – Henry Bennett, American politician (d. 1868)
1810 – Elizabeth Gaskell, British novelist (d. 1865)
1842 – Louis J. Weichmann, chief witness in the trial of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln (d. 1902)
1843 – Mikhail Skobelev, Russian general (d. 1882)
1853 – Princess Thyra, daughter of Christian IX of Denmark (d. 1933)
1863 – Hugo Haase, German politician and jurist (d. 1919)
1864 – Alexandra Kitchin, British model for Lewis Carroll (d. 1925)
1864 – Miguel de Unamuno, Spanish writer and philosopher (d. 1936)
1876 – Charlie Llewellyn, South African cricketer, Wisden COY 1911 (d. 1964)
1881 – Ludwig von Mises, Austrian economist (d. 1973)
1895 – J.B. Rhine, American parapsychologist (d. 1980)
1895 – Roscoe Turner, American aviator and racer (d. 1970)
1897 – Herbert Agar, American journalist and historian (d. 1980)
1898 – Trofim Lysenko, Russian biologist (d. 1976)
1899 – László Bíró, Hungarian inventor of the modern ballpoint pen (d. 1985)
1900 – Miguel Alemán Valdés, President of Mexico (d. 1983)
1901 – Enrico Fermi, Italian physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1954)
1901 – Lanza del Vasto, Italian philosopher and activist (d. 1981)
1904 – Greer Garson, British actress (d. 1996)
1907 – Gene Autry, American actor, singer, and businessman (d. 1998)
1907 – George W. Jenkins, American businessman (d. 1996)
1908 – Eddie Tolan, American athlete (d. 1967)
1910 – Virginia Bruce, American actress (d. 1982)
1912 – Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film director (d. 2007)
1913 – Trevor Howard, English actor (d. 1988)
1913 – Stanley Kramer, American film director (d. 2001)
1915 – Vincent DeDomenico, American entrepreneur (d. 2007)
1915 – Brenda Marshall, American film actress (d. 1992)
1920 – Peter D. Mitchell, English chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1992)
1922 – Lizabeth Scott, American actress
1923 – Stan Berenstain, American children's author (d. 2005)
1924 – Steve Forrest, American actor
1930 – Colin Dexter, British author of Inspector Morse novels
1931 – Anita Ekberg, Swedish actress
1931 – James Watson Cronin, American nuclear physicist, Nobel laureate
1932 – Robert Benton, American screenwriter and director
1932 – Mehmood, Indian actor (d. 2004)
1934 – Mihály Csíkszentmihályi, Psychology professor
1934 – Lance Gibbs, Guyanese West Indies cricketer
1934 – Skandor Akbar, American professional wrestler and manager
1935 – Jerry Lee Lewis, American musician
1936 – Silvio Berlusconi, Prime Minister of Italy
1938 – Wim Kok, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1994 until 2002
1939 – Tommy Boyce, American songwriter
1939 – Molly Haskell, American film critic
1939 – Rhodri Morgan, 2nd First Minister for Wales
1939 – Larry Linville, American actor (d. 2000)
1939 – Jim Baxter, Scottish footballer (d. 2001)
1940 – Nicola Di Bari, Italian singer
1941 – Fred West, British serial killer (d. 1995)
1942 – Madeline Kahn, American actress (d. 1999)
1942 – Felice Gimondi, Italian cyclist
1942 – Ian McShane, British actor
1942 – Bill Nelson, American politician
1942 – Jean-Luc Ponty, French jazz violinist
1942 – Steve Tesich, Serbian screenwriter (d. 1996)
1943 – Mohammad Khatami, President of Iran
1943 – Gary Boyd Roberts, American genealogist
1943 – Lech Wałęsa, President of Poland, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
1944 – Mike Post, American composer
1945 – Kyriakos Sfetsas, Greek composer
1947 – Martin Ferrero, American actor
1948 – Bryant Gumbel, American television personality
1948 – Mark Farner, American guitarist Grand Funk
1948 – Theo Jörgensmann, German jazz clarinetist
1949 – George Dalaras, Greek singer
1951 – Michelle Bachelet, President of Chile
1951 – Andrés Caicedo, Colombian writer (d. 1977)
1951 – Maureen Caird, Australian hurdler
1951 – Mike Enriquez, Philippine broadcaster
1952 – Gabor Csupo, Hungarian-born animator
1952 – Max Sandlin, American politician
1953 – Warren Cromartie, American baseball player
1953 – Drake Hogestyn, American actor
1953 – Jean-Claude Lauzon, Canadian film director (d. 1997)
1955 – Benoît Ferreux, French actor
1956 – Sebastian Coe, British athlete
1957 – Andrew Dice Clay, American comedian and actor
1957 – Sokratis Malamas, Greek singer and composer
1957 – Chris Broad, English cricketer and match referee
1957 – Mark Nicholas, English cricketer and sports presenter
1960 – Alan McGee, British music industry mogul and musician
1960 – John Paxson, American Basketball Player and GM
1960 – David Sammartino, American professional wrestler
1961 – Julia Gillard, Australian politician
1961 – Stephanie Miller, American comedian and talk radio host
1962 – Roger Bart, American actor
1962 – Al Pitrelli, American musician and guitarist
1963 – Dave Andreychuk, Canadian ice hockey player
1963 – Les Claypool, American bassist (Primus)
1966 – Hersey Hawkins, American basketball player
1966 – Jill Whelan, American actress
1967 – Brett Anderson, British musician/singer (Suede, The Tears)
1968 – Patrick Burns, American television presenter
1968 – Luke Goss, English actor
1968 – Samir Soni, Indian film actor
1968 – Alex Skolnick, American thrash metal and jazz guitarist
1969 – Erika Eleniak, American actress and model
1969 – Aleks Syntek, Mexican singer
1969 – Angelo Barretto, Filipino race car driver
1970 – Yoshihiro Tajiri, Japanese professional wrestler
1970 – Natasha Gregson Wagner, American actress
1970 – Emily Lloyd, British actress
1970 – Nicolás Pereira, Venezuelan tennis player
1971 – Sibel Tüzün, Turkish singer
1971 – Mackenzie Crook, British actor and comedian
1972 – Oliver Gavin, British racing car driver
1972 – Togi Makabe, Japanese professional wrestler
1972 – Robert Webb, British actor, comedian, and writer
1973 – Joe Hulbig, American ice hockey player
1973 – Athanasios Michalopoulos, Greek volleyball player
1973 – Scout Niblett, British singer/songwriter
1974 – Brian Ash, American filmmaker
1974 – Alexis Cruz, American actor
1974 – Steve Bennett, web designer
1975 – Albert Celades, Spanish footballer
1976 – Andriy Shevchenko, Ukrainian footballer
1976 – Darren Byfield, English footballer
1976 – Oscar Sevilla, Spanish cyclist
1977 – Wade Brookbank, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 – Debelah Morgan, American R&B singer
1977 – Jake Westbrook, American baseball player
1978 – Kurt Nilsen, Norwegian singer
1978 – Mohini Bhardwaj, American gymnast
1978 – Gunner McGrath, American guitarist (Much the Same)
1979 – Shelley Duncan, American baseball player
1979 – Takumi Beppu, Japanese cyclist
1980 – Dallas Green, Canadian musician (Alexisonfire,City and Colour)
1980 – Zachary Levi, American actor
1980 – Patrick Agyemang, English footballer
1981 – Siarhei Rutenka, Belarusian/Spanish handball player
1982 – Ariana Jollee, American pornographic actress
1982 – Rob Smith, Irish musician and songwriter
1984 – Per Mertesacker, German footballer
1986 – Benoît Pouliot, Canadian ice hockey player
1986 – Mark Fraser, Canadian ice hockey player.
1988 – Kevin Durant, American basketball player
1988 – Justin Nozuka, American/Canadian singer-songwriter
1989 – Theo Adams, British performance artist
1990 – Doug Brochu, American actor
1999 – Juan Valentín Urdangarín y de Borbón, Spanish royal
2008 – Emma Tallulah Behn, member of the extended Norwegian royal family

Deaths

1364 – Charles, Duke of Brittany (b. 1319)
1560 – King Gustav I of Sweden (b. 1496)
1637 – Lorenzo Ruiz, Filipino saint (b. 1600)
1642 – René Goupil, French Catholic missionary, one of Canadian Martyrs (b. 1608)
1703 – Charles de Saint-Évremond, French soldier (b. 1610)
1800 – Michael Denis, Austrian poet (b. 1729)
1804 – Michael Hillegas, first Treasurer of the United States (b. 1728)
1833 – King Ferdinand VII of Spain (b. 1784)
1887 – Bernhard von Langenbeck, German surgeon (b. 1810)
1889 – Louis Faidherbe, French general (b. 1818)
1900 – Samuel Fenton Cary, congressman, prohibitionist (b. 1814)
1902 – William Topaz McGonagall, British poet (b. 1825)
1902 – Émile Zola, French writer (b. 1840)
1908 – Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, Brazilian writer (b. 1839)
1925 – Léon Bourgeois, French statesman, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1851)
1927 – Willem Einthoven, Dutch inventor, Nobel laureate (b. 1860)
1927 – Arthur Achleitner, German writer (b. 1858)
1930 – Ilya Yefimovich Repin, Russian painter (b. 1844)
1937 – Ray Ewry, American athlete (b. 1873)
1951 – Thomas Cahill, American soccer coach (b. 1864)
1952 – John Cobb, British racing driver (b. 1899)
1967 – Carson McCullers, American author (b. 1917)
1970 – Edward Everett Horton, American actor (b. 1886)
1973 – W. H. Auden, English poet (b. 1907)
1975 – Casey Stengel, baseball player and manager (b. 1890)
1976 – Wadi Ayoub, Greco-Roman professional wrestler, (b. 1927)
1981 – Bill Shankly, Scottish football manager (b. 1913)
1982 – Monty Stratton, baseball player (b. 1912)
1987 – Henry Ford II, president of Ford Motor Company (b. 1917)
1988 – Charles Addams, American cartoonist (b. 1912)
1989 – Gussie Busch, American brewing magnate (b. 1899)
1994 – Cheb Hasni, Algerian singer (b. 1968)
1996 – Leslie Crowther, British comedian (b. 1933)
1997 – Roy Lichtenstein, American artist (b. 1923)
1998 – Tom Bradley, Mayor of Los Angeles (b. 1917)
2001 – Nguyễn Văn Thiệu, President of South Vietnam (b. 1923)
2002 – Edmund Trebus, English compulsive hoarder (b. 1918)
2004 – Richard Sainct, French motorcycle rally rider (b. 1970)
2005 – Austin Leslie, American chef, the "Godfather of Fried Chicken" (b. 1934)
2006 – Michael A. Monsoor, a United States Navy SEAL killed in Iraq and posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor (b. 1981)
2006 – Jan Werner Danielsen, Norwegian singer (b. 1976)
2006 – Khalique Ibrahim Khalique, Pakistani journalist and Urdu poet and critic (b. 1926)
2006 – Louis-Albert Cardinal Vachon, French Canadian Catholic archbishop of Quebec (b. 1912)
2006 – Walter Hadlee, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1915)
2007 – Lois Maxwell, Canadian actress (b. 1927)
2009 – Sperantza Vrana, Greek actress (b. 1926 or 1932)

Holidays and observances

RC Saints – Michaelmas – Christian feast of the Archangels St. Michael, St. Gabriel, and St. Raphael.
Also see September 29 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics).
England, Ireland – One of the four Quarter days in the Irish calendar.
Argentina, Inventor's Day – László József Bíró's birthday.
French Republican Calendar – Amarante (Amaranth) Day, eighth day in the Month of Vendémiaire.

 

[historylover]

September 30
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Events

1399 – Henry IV is proclaimed King of England.
1744 – France and Spain defeat the Kingdom of Sardinia at the Battle of Madonna dell'Olmo.
1791 – The Magic Flute, the last opera composed by Mozart, receives its premiere performance at Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna, Austria.
1791 – The National Constituent Assembly in Paris is dissolved; Parisians hail Maximilien Robespierre and Jérôme Pétion as incorruptible patriots.
1813 – Battle of Bárbula: Simón Bolívar defeats Santiago Bobadilla.
1860 – Britain's first tram service begins in Birkenhead, Merseyside.
1882 – The world's first commercial hydroelectric power plant (later known as Appleton Edison Light Company) begins operation on the Fox River in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States.
1888 – Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
1895 – Madagascar becomes a French protectorate.
1901 – Hubert Cecil Booth patents the vacuum cleaner.
1903 – The new Gresham's School is officially opened by Field Marshal Sir Evelyn Wood.
1906 – The Real Academia Galega, Galician language's biggest linguistic authority, starts working in Havana.
1927 – Babe Ruth becomes the first baseball player to hit 60 home runs in a season.
1931 – Start of "Die Voortrekkers" youth movement for Afrikaners in Bloemfontein, South Africa.
1935 – The Hoover Dam, astride the border between the U.S. states of Arizona and Nevada, is dedicated.
1938 – At 2:00 am, Britain, France, Germany and Italy sign the Munich Agreement, allowing Germany to occupy the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia.
1938 – The League of Nations unanimously outlaws "intentional bombings of civilian populations".
1939 – General Władysław Sikorski becomes commander-in-chief of the Polish Government in exile.
1941 – World War II: Holocaust in Kiev, Ukraine: German Einsatzgruppe C complete Babi Yar massacre.
1945 – The Bourne End rail crash, in Hertfordshire, England, kills 43
1947 – The Islamic Republic of Pakistan joins the United Nations.
1947 – The World Series, featuring the New York Yankees and the Brooklyn Dodgers, is televised for the first time.
1949 – The Berlin Airlift ends.
1954 – The U.S. Navy submarine USS Nautilus is commissioned as the world's first nuclear reactor powered vessel.
1955 – Film icon James Dean dies in a road accident aged 24.
1962 – Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the United Farm Workers.
1962 – James Meredith enters the University of Mississippi, defying segregation.
1965 – General Suharto rises to power after an alleged coup by the Communist Party of Indonesia. In response, Suharto and his army massacre over a million Indonesians suspected of being communists.
1966 – The British protectorate of Bechuanaland declares its independence, and becomes the Republic of Botswana. Seretse Khama takes office as the first President.
1967 – BBC Radio 1 is launched and Tony Blackburn presents its first show; the BBC's other national radio stations also adopt numeric names.
1968 – The Boeing 747 is rolled out and shown to the public for the first time at the Boeing Everett Factory.
1970 – Jordan makes a deal with the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) for the release of the remaining hostages from the Dawson's Field hijackings.
1972 –Roberto Clemente records his 3,000th and final hit and final hit of his career.
1975 – The Hughes (later McDonnell-Douglas, now Boeing) AH-64 Apache makes its first flight.
1977 – Because of US budget cuts and dwindling power reserves, the Apollo program's ALSEP experiment packages left on the Moon are shut down.
1977 – Philippine political prisoners, Eugenio Lopez, Jr. and Sergio Osmeña III escape from Fort Bonifacio Maximum Security Prison in the Philippines.
1979 – The Hong Kong MTR commences service with the opening of its Modified Initial System (aka. Kwun Tong Line).
1980 – Ethernet specifications are published by Xerox working with Intel and Digital Equipment Corporation.
1982 – Cyanide-laced Tylenol kills six people in the Chicago area. Seven are killed in all.
1986 – Mordechai Vanunu, who revealed details of Israel covert nuclear program to British media, is kidnapped in Rome, Italy.
1989 – Foreign Minister of West Germany Hans-Dietrich Genscher's speech from the balcony of the German embassy in Prague.
1990 – The Dalai Lama unveils the Canadian Tribute to Human Rights in Canada's capital city of Ottawa.
1990 – The Chicago White Sox defeat the Seattle Mariners 2-1 at the final game at Comiskey Park.
1991 – President Jean-Bertrand Aristide of Haiti is forced from office.
1993 – An earthquake hits India's Latur and Osmanabad district of Marathwada (Aurangabad division) in Maharashtra state leaving tens of thousands of people dead and many more homeless.
1994 – Aldwych tube station (originally Strand Station) of the London Underground closes after eighty-eight years of service.
1999 – Japan's worst nuclear accident at a uranium reprocessing facility in Tōkai-mura, northeast of Tokyo.
2004 – The first images of a live giant squid in its natural habitat are taken 600 miles south of Tokyo.
2004 – The AIM-54 Phoenix, the primary missile for the F-14 Tomcat, is retired from service. Almost two years later, the Tomcat is retired.
2005 – With 120 votes for and 15 against, the Parliament of Catalonia passes the Catalan Statute of Autonomy, proclaiming in its first article, "Catalonia is a nation".
2005 – The controversial drawings of Muhammad are printed in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten.
2006 – the National Assembly of the Republic of Serbia adopted the Constitutional Act that proclaimed the new Constitution of Serbia.

Births

1207 – Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi, Persian mystic and poet (d. 1273)
1227 – Pope Nicholas IV (d. 1292)
1530 – Geronimo Mercuriali, Italian philologist and physician (d. 1606)
1550 – Michael Maestlin, German mathematician (d. 1631)
1631 – William Stoughton, American judge at the Salem witch trials (d. 1701)
1700 – Stanisław Konarski, Polish writer (d. 1773)
1710 – John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford, British statesman (d. 1771)
1715 – Étienne Bonnot de Condillac, French philosopher (d. 1780)
1732 – Jacques Necker, French finance minister of Louis XVI (d. 1804)
1765 – José María Morelos, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1815)
1800 – Decimus Burton, British architect (d. 1881)
1811 – Augusta of Saxe-Weimar, Queen of Prussia and German Empress (d. 1890)
1827 – Ellis H. Roberts, American politician (d. 1918)
1852 – Charles Villiers Stanford, Irish composer, resident in England (d. 1924)
1861 – William Wrigley, Jr., American industrialist (Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company) (d. 1932)
1870 – Jean Baptiste Perrin, French physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1942)
1870 – Thomas W. Lamont, American banker; father of Corliss Lamont; great-grandfather of Ned Lamont (d. 1948)
1882 – Hans Geiger, German physicist (d. 1945)
1883 – Bernhard Rust, Nazi education minister (d. 1945)
1887 – Lil Dagover, Dutch-born German actress (d. 1980)
1893 – Lansdale Sasscer, American politician (d. 1964)
1895 – Lewis Milestone, Russian-born film director (d. 1980)
1897 – Alfred Wintle, British WW1 & WW2 soldier; author of "The Last Englishman" (d. 1966)
1898 – Renée Adorée, French actress (d. 1933)
1898 – Princess Charlotte of Monaco (d. 1977)
1904 – Waldo Williams, Welsh poet (d. 1971)
1905 – Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1996)
1908 – David Oistrakh, Ukrainian violinist (d. 1974)
1912 – Kenny Baker, American singer and actor (d. 1985)
1913 – Bill Walsh, American film producer and writer (d. 1975)
1915 – Lester Maddox, American businessman, one-time segregationist and Governor of Georgia (d. 2003)
1917 – Park Chunghee, President of South Korea (d. 1979)
1917 – Buddy Rich, American big band drummer (d. 1987)
1918 – Lewis Nixon, WWII Veteran (d. 1996)
1919 – Roberto Bonomi, Argentine racing driver (d. 1992)
1919 – Patricia Neway, American soprano
1920 – Aldo Parisot, Brazilian-American musician and cellist
1921 – Deborah Kerr, Scottish actress (d. 2007)
1922 – Alan Stretton, Australian general
1924 – Truman Capote, American author (d. 1984)
1926 – Robin Roberts, American baseball player
1927 – W. S. Merwin, American poet
1928 – Elie Wiesel, Romanian Holocaust survivor, author, and lecturer, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
1931 – Angie Dickinson, American actress
1932 – Shintarō Ishihara, Japanese author and politician (Governor of Tokyo)
1932 – Johnny Podres, American baseball player (d. 2008)
1933 – Cissy Houston, American gospel/r&b singer
1933 – Barbara Knox, English actress
1934 – Udo Jürgens, Austrian singer
1934 – Anna Kashfi, Welsh actress
1935 – Johnny Mathis, American singer
1935 – Z. Z. Hill, American blues singer (d. 1984)
1937 – Valentin Silvestrov, Ukrainian composer
1937 – Jurek Becker, German author.
1939 – Jean-Marie Lehn, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
1942 – Frankie Lymon, American singer (d. 1968)
1943 – Johann Deisenhofer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
1943 – Marilyn McCoo, American singer (The 5th Dimension)
1943 – Ian Ogilvy, British Actor
1944 – Diane Dufresne, French Canadian singer
1945 – Ehud Olmert, twelfth Prime Minister of Israel
1945 – Bob Lassiter, American radio personality
1946 – Paul Sheahan, Australian Test Cricketer 1967-1974
1946 – Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican singer (d. 1993)
1946 – Claude Vorilhon, founder of Raelism, a ufo religion
1946 – Fran Brill, American actress, voice actress and puppeteer
1947 – Marc Bolan, British musician (d. 1977)
1947 – Dave Arneson, American game designer (d. 2009)
1947 – Rula Lenska, English actress
1948 – Craig Kusick, American baseball player
1950 – Renato Zero, Italian musician
1951 – Barry Marshall, Australian physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1952 – Jack Wild, British actor (d. 2006)
1953 – Deborah Allen, American singer
1953 – S. M. Stirling, Canadian-born author
1954 – Basia Trzetrzelewska, Polish-born singer and songwriter
1954 – Barry Williams, American actor
1954 – Patrice Rushen, American musician
1957 – Fran Drescher, American actress
1958 – Marty Stuart, American musician
1959 – Ettore Messina, Italian basketball coach
1960 – Blanche Lincoln, American politician
1961 – Eric Stoltz, American actor
1961 – Crystal Bernard, American actress
1961 – Eric van de Poele, Belgian racing driver
1961 – Sally Yeh, Hong Kong singer and actress
1962 – Frank Rijkaard, Dutch football player and manager
1963 – David Barbe, American musician (Sugar)
1964 – Monica Bellucci, Italian actress
1964 – Trey Anastasio, American musician (Phish)
1964 – Robby Takac, American singer and bassist (Goo Goo Dolls)
1965 – Kathleen Madigan, American comedian
1965 – Omid Djalili, British stand-up comedian and actor
1966 – Kerry G. Johnson, African American graphic designer and caricaturist
1966 – Gary Armstrong, Scotland rugby player
1969 – Chris Von Erich, American professional wrestler (d. 1991)
1969 – Mark Smith, English body builder, former Gladiators player
1971 – Jenna Elfman, American actress
1972 – Ari Behn, Norwegian author
1972 – Shaan, Indian singer
1972 – Jamal Anderson, American football player
1974 – Jeremy Giambi, American baseball player
1974 – Daniel Wu, American-born Chinese film actor, director, and producer
1975 – Marion Cotillard, French actress
1975 – Carlos Guillén, Venezuelan baseball player
1975 – Georges-Alain Jones, French singer
1977 – Maia Brewton, American actress
1977 – Roy Carroll, Northern Irish footballer
1977 – Sun Jihai, Chinese footballer
1978 – Candice Michelle, American female wrestler
1978 – Róbinson Zapata, Colombian footballer (goalkeeper)
1979 – Andy van der Meyde, Dutch footballer
1979 – Clio-Danae Othoneou, Greek actress, musician and pianist
1979 – Vince Chong, Malaysian singer-songwriter
1979 – Cameron Bruce, Australian footballer
1980 – Camilla D’Errico, Canadian comic book artist and painter
1980 – Martina Hingis, Swiss tennis player
1981 – Cecelia Ahern, Irish author
1981 – Dominique Moceanu, American gymnast
1981 – Brandon Watson, American baseball
1982 – Seth Smith, American baseball player
1982 – Lacey Chabert, American actress
1982 – Kieran Culkin, American actor
1982 – Tory Lane, American nude model, exotic dancer, and pornographic actress
1982 – Michelle Marsh, British model
1982 – Teal Redmann, American actress
1982 – Yan Stastny, Canadian ice hockey player
1982 – Ryan Stout, American comedian
1982 – Ryane Clowe Canadian ice hockey player
1983 – Andreea Răducan, Romanian gymnast
1983 – Adam Jones, American football player
1985 – Adam Cooney, Australian footballer
1986 – Christian Zapata, Colombian footballer
1986 – Martin Guptill, New Zealand Cricketer
1987 – Denise Laurel, Filipino actress and singer

Deaths

420 – Saint Jerome, translator of the Vulgate Bible
653 – Saint Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury
1101 – Anselm IV, Archbishop of Milan
1246 – Yaroslav II of Russia (b. 1191)
1440 – Reginald Grey, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, English soldier and politician
1487 – John Sutton, 1st Baron Dudley, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (b. 1400)
1551 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (b. 1507)
1560 – Melchior Cano, Spanish theologian (b. 1525)
1572 – St. Francis Borgia, Jesuit priest (b. 1510)
1581 – Hubert Languet, French diplomat and reformer (b. 1518)
1626 – Nurhaci, Manchurian chief (b. 1559)
1628 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English poet (b. 1554)
1770 – Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham, English politician and diplomat
1770 – George Whitefield, English-born Methodist leader (b. 1714)
1772 – James Brindley, English engineer (b. 1716)
1865 – Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian-Jewish scholar (b. 1800)
1888 – Elizabeth Stride, widely believed to be the third victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1843)
1888 – Catherine Eddowes, widely believed to be the fourth victim of Jack the Ripper (b. 1842)
1891 – Georges Boulanger, French general and politician (b. 1837)
1897 – St Therese of Lisieux, Roman Catholic saint and mystic (b. 1873)
1910 – Maurice Lévy, French engineer (b. 1838)
1913 – Rudolf Diesel, German inventor (b. 1858)
1942 – Hans-Joachim Marseille, German fighter pilot (b. 1919)
1943 – Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist (b. 1864)
1955 – James Dean, American actor (automobile accident) (b. 1931)
1961 – Onésime Gagnon, French Canadian politician, lieutenant-governor of Québec (b. 1888)
1965 – Six generals of Indonesian National Army assassinated by counter-coup action known as 30 September Movement
1973 – Peter Pitseolak, Inuit photographer and author (b. 1902)
1974 – Carlos Prats, Chilean Constitutionalist General, assassinated in the frame of Operation Condor (b. 1915)
1977 – Mary Ford, American singer (Les Paul and Mary Ford) (b. 1924)
1978 – Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
1985 – Simone Signoret, French actress (b. 1921)
1985 – Charles Richter, American seismologist (b. 1900)
1988 – Al Holbert, American race car driver and team owner (b. 1946)
1989 – Virgil Thomson, American composer (b. 1896)
1990 – Patrick White, Australian writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1912)
1990 – Alice Parizeau, Quebec writer and journalist (b. 1930)
1990 – Rob Moroso, American NASCAR driver (b. 1968)
1994 – Andre Michael Lwoff, French microbiologist, Nobel laureate (b. 1902)
1998 – Dan Quisenberry, American baseball player (b. 1953)
2002 – Hans-Peter Tschudi, Swiss Federal Councilor (b. 1913)
2002 – Göran Kropp, Swedish adventurer and mountaineer (b. 1966)
2003 – Robert Kardashian, Armenian-American lawyer (b. 1944)
2003 – Yusuf Bey, Black Muslim leader (b. 1935)
2004 – Gamini Fonseka, Sri Lankan actor (b. 1936)
2004 – Michael Relph, British film producer and director (b. 1915)
2004 – Jacques Levy, Jewish American songwriter, theatre director, and clinical psychologist (b. 1935)
2008 – Joshua Benjamin Jeyaretnam, Singapore Opposition Leader & former Secretary-General of Singapore's Worker's Party (b. 1926)
2009 – Pavel Popovich, Soviet cosmonaut (b. 1930)

Holidays and observances

RC Saints – Saint Jerome
Botswana – Independence Day (1966)
São Tomé and Príncipe – Agricultural Reform (Nationalization) Day
French Republican Calendar – Panais (Parsnip) Day, ninth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
International Translation Day, introduced in 1991 by International Federation of Translators
September 30 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

 

[historylover]

October 1

Events

331 BC – Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of Gaugamela.
959 – Edgar the Peaceable becomes king of all England.
1189 – Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar since 1184, is killed in the Siege of Acre.
1787 – Russians under Alexander Suvorov defeat the Turks at Kinburn.
1791 – First session of the French Legislative Assembly.
1795 – Belgium is conquered by France.
1800 – Spain cedes Louisiana to France via the Treaty of San Ildefonso.
1811 – The first steamboat to sail the Mississippi River arrives in New Orléans, Louisiana.
1814 – Opening of the Congress of Vienna, intended to redraw the Europe's political map after the defeat of Napoléon the previous spring.
1827 – The Russian army under Ivan Paskevich storms Yerevan, ending a millennium of Muslim domination in Armenia.
1829 – South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa; it will later separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools.
1843 – The News of the World tabloid began publication in London.
1847 – German inventor and industrialist Werner von Siemens founds Siemens AG & Halske.
1854 – The watch company founded in 1850 in Roxbury by Aaron Lufkin Dennison relocates to Waltham, Massachusetts, to become the Waltham Watch Company, a pioneer in the American System of Watch Manufacturing.
1869 – Austria issues the world's first postcards.
1880 – John Philip Sousa becomes leader of the United States Marine Band.
1880 – First electric lamp factory opened by Thomas Edison.
1887 – Balochistan conquered by the British Empire.
1890 – The Yosemite National Park and the Yellowstone National Park are established by the U.S. Congress.
1891 – In the U.S. state of California, Stanford University opens its doors.
1894 – First meeting of The Owl Club of Cape Town.
1898 – Czar Nikolay II expels Jews from major Russian cities.
1898 – The Vienna University of Economics and Business Administration is founded under the name k.u.k. Exportakademie.
1903 – Baseball: The Boston Americans play the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first game of the modern World Series.
1905 – František Pavlík is killed in a demonstration in Prague, inspiring Leoš Janáček to the piano composition 1. X. 1905.
1908 – Ford puts the Model T car on the market at a price of US$825.
1910 – Los Angeles Times bombing: A large bomb destroys the Los Angeles Times building in downtown Los Angeles, California, killing 21.
1918 – World War I: Arab forces under T. E. Lawrence (a/k/a "Lawrence of Arabia") capture Damascus.
1920 – Sir Percy Cox landed in Basra to assume his responsibilities as high commissioner in Iraq.
1926 – An oil field accident cost aviator Wiley Post his left eye, but he used the settlement money to buy his first aircraft.
1928 – The Soviet Union introduces its First Five-Year Plan.
1931 – The George Washington Bridge linking New Jersey and New York opens.
1936 – Francisco Franco is named head of the Nationalist government of Spain.
1937 – The Japanese city Handa is founded in Aichi Prefecture.
1938 – Germany annexes the Sudetenland.
1939 – After a one-month Siege of Warsaw, hostile forces entered the city.
1940 – The Pennsylvania Turnpike, often considered the first superhighway in the United States, opens to traffic.
1942 – USS Grouper torpedoes Lisbon Maru not knowing she is carrying British PoWs from Hong Kong
1942 – First flight of the Bell XP-59 "Aircomet".
1943 – World War II: Naples falls to Allied soldiers.
1946 – Nazi leaders sentenced at Nuremberg Trials.
1946 – Mensa International is founded in the United Kingdom.
1947 – The F-86 Sabre flies for the first time.
1949 – The People's Republic of China is declared by Mao Zedong.
1957 – First appearance of "In God We Trust" on U.S. paper currency.
1958 – NASA created to replace NACA.
1960 – Nigeria gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1961 – East and West Cameroon merge as Federal Republic of Cameroon.
1961 – Baseball: Roger Maris and Mickey Mantle of the New York Yankees engage in an epic battle to break Babe Ruth's single season home run record of 60 in 1927. Maris ends up hitting his 61st against the Boston Red Sox, passing Ruth
1962 – First broadcast of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson
1964 – The Free Speech Movement is launched on the campus of University of California, Berkeley.
1964 – Japanese Shinkansen ("bullet trains") begin high-speed rail service from Tokyo to Osaka.
1965 – Apostasia of 1965, a political move in Greece designed to overthrow the Prime Minister, George Papandreou.
1965 – General Suharto crushes an attempted coup in Indonesia.
1966 – West Coast Airlines Flight 956 crashes with eighteen fatal injuries and no survivors 5.5 miles south of Wemme, Oregon. This accident marks the first loss of a DC-9.
1968 – The Guyanese government takes over the British Guiana Broadcasting Service (BGBS).
1969 – The Concorde supersonic transport plane breaks the sound barrier for the first time.
1971 – Walt Disney World opens near Orlando, Florida, United States.
1975 – The Seychelles gain internal self-government. The Ellice Islands split from Gilbert Islands and take the name Tuvalu.
1975 – Thrilla in Manila: Muhammad Ali defeats Joe Frazier in a boxing match in Manila, Philippines.
1978 – Tuvalu gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1978 – The Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party is founded.
1979 – The United States returns sovereignty of the Panama canal to Panama.
1982 – Helmut Kohl replaces Helmut Schmidt as Chancellor of Germany through a Constructive Vote of No Confidence.
1982 – EPCOT Center opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida, United States.
1982 – Sony launches the first consumer compact disc player (model CDP-101).
1985 – The Israeli air force bombs PLO Headquarters in Tunis.
1987 – The Whittier Narrows earthquake shook the San Gabriel Valley, registering as a magnitude 5.9.
1989 – Denmark: World's first legal modern same-sex civil union called "registered partnership"
1991 – New Zealand's Resource Management Act 1991 commences.
1992 – Turkish destroyer TCG Muavenet (DM-357) damaged by two Sea Sparrow missiles mistakenly launched by U.S. aircraft carrier USS Saratoga.
1994 – Palau gains independence from the United Nations (trusteeship administered by the United States of America).
1998 – Vladimir Putin became a permanent member of the Security Council of the Russian Federation.
2004 – Baseball: Seattle Mariners outfielder Ichiro Suzuki gets his 258th hit of the season, breaking George Sisler's 84-year-old single-season record.
2005 – Bombing kills 19 people in Bali.
2009 – Nick Brant Fired.

Births

1207 – King Henry III of England (d. 1272)
1507 – Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect (d. 1573)
1540 – Johann Jakob Grynaeus, Swiss Protestant clergyman (d. 1617)
1577 – Fidelis of Sigmaringen, Swiss friar, martyr, and saint (d. 1622)
1620 – Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (d. 1683)
1644 – Alessandro Stradella, Italian composer (d. 1682)
1671 – Guido Grandi, Italian mathematician (d. 1742)
1685 – Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1740)
1691 – Arthur Onslow, English politician (d. 1768)
1730 – Richard Stockton, American attorney, signer of the Declaration of Independence (d. 1781)
1760 – William Thomas Beckford, English writer and politician (d. 1844)
1771 – Pierre Baillot, French violinist and composer (d. 1842)
1791 – Sergei Aksakov, Russian writer (d. 1859)
1800 – Lars Levi Laestadius, Swedish-born botanist and founder of Laestadianism (d. 1861)
1835 – Ádám Politzer, Austrian physician (d. 1920)
1842 – Charles Cros, French poet and inventor (d. 1888)
1865 – Paul Dukas, French composer (d. 1935)
1870 – Josiah Edward Spurr, American Geologist (d. 1950)
1878 – Othmar Spann, Austrian philosopher and economist (d. 1950)
1881 – William Boeing, American engineer (d. 1956)
1885 – Louis Untermeyer, American author (d. 1977)
1890 – Stanley Holloway, British actor (d. 1982)
1893 – Cliff Friend, American songwriter (d. 1974)
1893 – Yip Man, Martial Arts Master (d. 1972)
1896 – Liaquat Ali Khan, first Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 1951)
1896 – Ted Healy, American actor and comedian (d. 1937)
1899 – Ernest Haycox, American writer (d. 1950)
1900 – Tom Goddard, English cricketer (d. 1966)
1903 – Vladimir Horowitz, Ukrainian-American pianist (d. 1989)
1904 – Otto Robert Frisch, Austrian-born physicist (d. 1979)
1904 – A.K. Gopalan, Indian communist leader (d. 1977)
1909 – Maurice Bardèche, French fascist, (d. 1998)
1909 – Sam Yorty, Mayor of Los Angeles (d. 1998)
1910 – Bonnie Parker, American Outlaw Bonnie and Clyde (d. 1934)
1910 – Fritz Köberle, Austrian-born physician (d. 1983)
1910 – José Enrique Moyal, Australian mathematical physicist (d. 1998)
1913 – Helio Gracie, Martial Arts Master (d. 2009)
1914 – Daniel J. Boorstin, American historian, writer, and Librarian of Congress (d. 2004)
1917 – Cahal Cardinal Daly, Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Armagh
1920 – Walter Matthau, American actor (d. 2000)
1921 – James Whitmore, American actor (d. 2009)
1922 – Kim Ki-young, South Korean film director (d. 1998)
1924 – Jimmy Carter, 39th President of the United States, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
1924 – William Rehnquist, 16th Chief Justice of the United States (d. 2005)
1925 – Bob Boyd, American baseball player (d. 2004)
1926 – Roger Williams, American pianist
1927 – Tom Bosley, American actor
1927 – Sandy Gall, Malaysian-born British journalist and newscaster
1928 – Laurence Harvey, Lithuanian-born actor (d. 1973)
1928 – George Peppard, American actor (d. 1994)
1928 – Willy Mairesse, Belgian racing driver (d. 1969)
1928 – Zhu Rongji, Chinese politician
1929 – Ken Arthurson, Australian rugby league identity
1930 – Frank Gardner, Australian racing driver
1930 – Richard Harris, Irish actor (d. 2002)
1930 – Naimatullah Khan, Pakistani politician
1930 – Philippe Noiret, French actor (d. 2006)
1931 – Sylvano Bussotti, Italian composer
1932 – Albert Collins, American guitarist (d. 1993)
1935 – Julie Andrews, British actress and singer
1936 – Duncan Edwards, English footballer (d. 1958)
1936 – Stella Stevens, American actress
1939 – George Archer, American golfer (d. 2005)
1939 – Geoffrey Whitehead, English actor
1942 – Jean-Pierre Jabouille, French race car driver
1943 – Jean-Jacques Annaud, French film director
1943 – Angèle Arsenault, Canadian singer and songwriter
1943 – Jerry Martini, American saxophonist (Sly & the Family Stone)
1945 – Rod Carew, Panamanian-born baseball player
1945 – Donny Hathaway, American soul musician and composer (d. 1979)
1945 – Ellen McIlwaine, American singer/songwriter
1945 – Spider Sabich, American skier (d. 1976)
1946 – Tim O'Brien, American writer
1947 – Aaron Ciechanover, Israeli biologist
1947 – Stephen Collins, American actor
1947 – Adriano Tilgher, Italian politician
1947 – Mariska Veres, Dutch singer (Shocking Blue) (d. 2006)
1948 – Cub Koda, American singer (Brownsville Station) (d. 2000)
1949 – Isaac Bonewits, American author
1950 – Randy Quaid, American actor
1950 – Jeane Manson, American singer and actress
1950 – Elpida, Greek singer and Eurovision contestant (Sokrati, Tora Zo)
1952 – Jacques Martin, Canadian ice hockey coach and executive
1953 – John Hegley, British poet
1953 – Pete Falcone, American baseball player
1953 – Grete Waitz, Norwegian athlete
1954 – Martin Strel, Slovenian swimmer
1955 – Howard Hewett, R & B Singer
1956 – Theresa May, British politician
1957 – Stelios Mainas, Greek actor
1958 – Masato Nakamura, Japanese musician
1959 – Youssou N'Dour, Senegalese singer
1961 – Gary Ablett, Australian rules footballer
1961 – Robert Rey, Brazilian-American plastic surgeon and television personality
1961 – Rico Constantino, American professional wrestler
1961 – Corrie van Zyl, former South African cricketer
1962 – Esai Morales, American actor
1962 – Paul Walsh, English footballer
1963 – Jean-Denis Délétraz, Swiss race car driver
1963 – Mark McGwire, American baseball player
1964 – Harry Hill, British comedian
1964 – Max Matsuura, Japanese record producer
1964 – Jonathan Sarfati, Australian-born chess player, scientist, and author
1965 – Andreas Keller, German field hockey player
1965 – Cindy Margolis, American model and spokesmodel
1965 – Cliff Ronning, Canadian ice hockey player
1965 – Ted King, American actor
1965 – Chris Reason, Australian journalist
1966 – Christopher Titus, American actor/comedian
1966 – George Weah, Liberian politician and footballer
1966 – Cuco Ziganda, Spanish footballer
1967 – Scott Young, American ice hockey player
1967 – Mike Pringle, American football player
1968 – Jon Guenther, American author
1968 – Rob Collard, British racing driver
1969 – Igor Ulanov, Russian hockey player
1969 – Ori Kaplan, Israeli jazz musician
1969 – Marcus Stephen, Nauruan weightlifter and politician, current President of Nauru
1970 – Gam Wu-seong, South Korean actor
1970 – Jung Joon-ho, South Korean actor and singer
1970 – Simon Davey, Barnsley football manager
1970 – Alexei Zhamnov, Russian ice hockey player
1971 – Andrew O'Keefe, Australian television personality
1971 – Song Il Gook, Korean actor
1971 – Gigi Lai, Hong Kong actress
1972 – Jean Paulo Fernandes, Brazilian footballer
1972 – Ronen Altman Kaydar, Israeli Author
1973 – Jana Henke, German swimmer
1973 – Rachid Chékhémani, French runner
1973 – John Thomson, American baseball player
1974 – Mats Lindgren, Swedish ice hockey player
1974 – Keith Duffy, Irish singer (Boyzone) and actor
1974 – Christian Borle, American actor
1975 – Chulpan Khamatova, Russian actress
1975 – Zoltán Sebescen, German footballer
1975 – Kim Suna, Korean actress
1976 – Antonio Roybal, American painter and sculptor
1976 – Denis Gauthier, Canadian hockey player
1976 – Dora Venter, Hungarian pornographic film actress
1976 – Ümit Karan, Turkish footballer
1977 – Jeffrey van Hooydonk, Belgian race car driver
1978 – Andrew JC Jackson, Australian surf lifesaver
1978 – Leticia Cline, American model and TV Personality
1979 – Cameron Bruce, Australian rules footballer
1979 – Rudi Johnson, American football player
1979 – Gilberto Martínez, Costa Rican footballer
1979 – Marko Stanojevic, English-born Italian rugby union footballer
1980 – Antonio Narciso, Italian footballer
1981 – Júlio Baptista, Brazilian footballer
1981 – Rupert Friend, British actor
1981 – Johnny Oduya, Swedish ice hockey player
1981 – Arnau Riera, Spanish footballer
1982 – Haruna Babangida, Nigerian footballer
1982 – Sandra Oxenryd, Swedish singer
1983 – Mirko Vučinić, Montenegrin footballer
1983 – Ashley Green, Yorkshire Author/Comic
1984 – Matt Cain, American baseball player
1984 – Daniel Guillén, Spanish footballer
1985 – Ryo Miyamori, Japanese singer
1985 – Nazimuddin Ahmed, Bangladeshi cricketer
1985 – Revazi Zintiridis, Greek judoka
1985 – Tim Deasy, English footballer
1986 – Justin Westhoff, Australian rules footballer
1986 – Jurnee Smollett, American actress
1986 – Sayaka, Japanese singer
1986 – Ricardo Vaz Tê, Portuguese footballer
1987 – Hiroki Aiba, Japanese actor, singer
1987 – Lionel Ainsworth, English footballer
1988 – Cariba Heine, Australian actress
1988 – Jorge Núñez, Puerto Rican singer
1990 – Charlie Mcdonnell, English videoblogger

Deaths

959 – King Edwy of England
1040 – Alan III, Duke of Brittany (poisoned) (b. 997)
1189 – Gerard de Ridefort, grandmaster of the Knights Templar
1310 – Beatrice of Burgundy, Lady of Bourbon (b. 1257)
1404 – Pope Boniface IX (b. 1356)
1499 – Marsilio Ficino, Italian philosopher (b. 1433)
1500 – John Alcock, English Catholic bishop
1567 – Pietro Carnesecchi, Italian humanist (b. 1508)
1570 – Frans Floris, Flemish painter (b. 1520)
1574 – Marten Jacobszoon Heemskerk van Veen, Dutch painter (b. 1498)
1578 – Don John of Austria, military leader (b. 1547)
1588 – Blessed Edward James, Catholic martyr
1602 – Hernando de Cabezón, Spanish composer (b. 1541)
1609 – Gianmatteo Asola, Italian composer
1684 – Pierre Corneille, French author (b. 1606)
1693 – Pedro Abarca, Spanish theologian (b. 1619)
1708 – John Blow, British composer (b. 1649)
1768 – Robert Simson, Scottish mathematician (b. 1687)
1837 – Robert Clark, American politician (b. 1777)
1838 – Charles Tennant, Scottish chemist and industrialist (b. 1768)
1864 – Rose Greenhow, American Confederate spy (b. 1817)
1876 – James Lick, California land baron (b. 1796)
1885 – John Light Atlee, American physician and surgeon (b. 1799)
1901 – Abdur Rahman Khan, Afghan amir
1913 – Eugene O'Keefe, Canadian businessman and philanthropist (b. 1827)
1919 – Princess Charlotte of Prussia (b. 1860)
1929 – Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor (b. 1861)
1942 – Ants Piip, Estonian Prime Minister (b. 1884)
1955 – Charles Christie, American film studio owner (b. 1880)
1958 – Robert Falk, Russian painter (b. 1886)
1959 – Enrico de Nicola, 1st President of the Italian Republic (b. 1877)
1970 – Raoul Riganti, Argentine racing driver (b. 1893)
1974 – Spyridon Marinatos, Greek archaeologist (b. 1901)
1975 – Al Jackson, Jr., American drummer (Booker T. & the M.G.'s) (b. 1935)
1984 – Walter Alston, American baseball player and manager (b. 1911)
1985 – E. B. White, American author (b. 1899)
1988 – Sacheverell Sitwell, English writer (b. 1897)
1990 – Curtis LeMay, American Air Force general (b. 1906)
1992 – Petra Kelly, German politician (b. 1947)
1994 – Paul Lorenzen, German philosopher (b. 1915)
1996 – Pat McGeown, Provisional Irish Republican Army member (b. 1956)
1997 – Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (b. 1923)
1998 – Pauline Julien, French Canadian singer (b. 1928)
1999 – Lena Zavaroni, Scottish singer and Child star (b. 1963)
2000 – Robert Allen, American pianist and songwriter (b. 1928)
2000 – Reginald Kray, British gangster (b. 1933)
2001 – Guy Beaulne, French-Canadian actor and theatre director (b. 1921)
2001 – Kathleen Ankers, American scenic designer (b. 1919)
2002 – Walter Annenberg, American publisher and philanthropist (b. 1908)
2004 – Richard Avedon, American photographer (b. 1923)
2004 – Bruce Palmer, Canadian musician (Buffalo Springfield) (b. 1946)
2006 – Jerald Tanner, American religious activist (b. 1938)
2006 – André Viger, French Canadian wheelchair marathoner (b. 1952)
2007 – Chris Mainwaring, Australian rules footballer (b. 1965)
2007 – Harry Lee, Sheriff of Jefferson Parish, Louisiana (b. 1932)
2007 – Al Oerter, American track and field athlete (b. 1936)
2007 – Ned Sherrin, English broadcaster, author and stage director (b. 1931)
2007 – Ronnie Hazlehurst, English conductor and theme song composer (b. 1928)

Holidays and observances

National Day of the People's Republic of China (1949)
Republic of Cyprus – Independence Day (from Britain, 1960)
Nigeria – Independence Day (from Britain, 1960)
Tuvalu – Independence Day (from Gilbert Islands (Kiribati), 1975)
Singapore – Children's Day
Abai (martyr) in the Syrian Church
International Day of Older Persons
World Vegetarian Day (from North American Vegetarian Society, 1977)
World Day of Music by the proposal of Yehudi Menuhin (1975)
Roman Catholic Church:
Thérèse de Lisieux
Saint Bavo
Saint Remigius
Blessed Edward James
Saint Nicetius

 

[historylover]

October 2

Events

1187 – Siege of Jerusalem: Saladin captures Jerusalem after 88 years of Crusader rule.
1263 – The battle of Largs is fought between Norwegians and Scots.
1535 – Jacques Cartier discovers Montreal, Quebec.
1552 – Conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible.
1780 – John André, British Army officer of the American Revolutionary War, is hanged as a spy by American forces.
1789 – George Washington sends the proposed Constitutional amendments (The United States Bill of Rights) to the States for ratification.
1814 – Battle of Rancagua: Spanish Royalists troops under Mariano Osorio defeated rebel Chilean forces of Bernardo O'Higgins and Jose Miguel Carrera.
1835 – The Texas Revolution begins with the Battle of Gonzales: Mexican soldiers attempt to disarm the people of Gonzales, Texas, but encounter stiff resistance from a hastily assembled militia.
1851 – The pasilalinic-sympathetic compass is demonstrated but proves to be a fake.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Saltville – Union forces attack Saltville, Virginia, but are defeated by Confederate troops.
1889 – In Colorado, Nicholas Creede strikes it rich in silver during the last great silver boom of the American Old West.
1919 – US President Woodrow Wilson suffers a massive stroke, leaving him partially paralyzed.
1924 – The Geneva Protocol is adopted as a means to strengthen the League of Nations.
1925 – John Logie Baird performs the first test of a working television system.
1928 – The "Prelature of the Holy Cross and the Work of God", commonly known as Opus Dei, is founded by Saint Josemaría Escrivá.
1938 – Tiberias massacre: Arabs murder 20 Jews.
1941 – World War II: In Operation Typhoon, Germany begins an all-out offensive against Moscow.
1944 – World War II: Nazi troops end the Warsaw Uprising.
1950 – Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz is first published
1958 – Guinea declares its independence from France.
1959 – The anthology series The Twilight Zone premieres on CBS television.
1967 – Thurgood Marshall is sworn in as the first African-American justice of United States Supreme Court.
1968 – A peaceful student demonstration in Mexico City ends in the Tlatelolco massacre.
1970 – A plane carrying the Wichita State University football team, administrators, and supporters crashes in Colorado killing 31 people.
1990 – A Chinese airline Boeing 737-247 is hijacked; after landing at Guangzhou, it crashes into two airliners on the ground, killing 132 people.
1992 – The Carandiru Massacre takes place after a riot in the Carandiru Penitentiary in São Paulo, Brazil.
1996 – The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.
1996 – An AeroPerú Boeing 757 crashes in Pacific Ocean shortly after takeoff from Lima, Peru, killing 70.
1997 – European Union: The Amsterdam Treaty is signed.
2001 – NATO backs US military strikes following 9/11.
2001 – Swissair liquidates and the airline is replaced by SWISS.
2002 – The Beltway sniper attacks begin, extending over three weeks.
2004 – American Samoa joins the North American Numbering Plan.
2005 – Ethan Allen Boating Accident: The Ethan Allen tour boat capsizes on Lake George in Upstate New York, killing twenty people.
2005 – NFL plays first regular season game outside United States when the Arizona Cardinals defeat the San Francisco 49ers 31-14 in Mexico City, Mexico
2006 – Five school girls are murdered by Charles Carl Roberts in a shooting at an Amish school in Nickel Mines, Pennsylvania before Roberts commits suicide.
2007 – President Roh Moo-hyun of South Korea walks across the Military Demarcation Line into North Korea on his way to the second Inter-Korean Summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong Il.

Births

1452 – King Richard III of England (d. 1485)
1470 – Isabella of Naples, Duchess of Milan (d. 1524)
1538 – Saint Charles Borromeo, Italian cardinal (d. 1584)
1644 – François-Timoléon de Choisy, French writer (d. 1724)
1722 – Leopold Widhalm, Austrian luthier (d. 1776)
1737 – Francis Hopkinson, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence (d. 1791)
1768 – William Carr Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford, British general and politician (d. 1854)
1798 – King Charles Albert of Sardinia (d. 1849)
1800 – Nat Turner, American leader of slave uprising (d. 1831)
1828 – Charles Floquet, French statesman (d. 1896)
1832 – Edward Burnett Tylor, English anthropologist (d. 1917)
1833 – Rev. William Corby, American Catholic priest (d. 1897)
1847 – Paul von Hindenburg, German officer and politician (d. 1934)
1851 – Ferdinand Foch, French soldier (d. 1929)
1852 – William Ramsay, Scottish chemist (d. 1916)
1869 – Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (also known as Mahatma Gandhi), Indian politician and spiritual leader (d. 1948)
1871 – Cordell Hull, United States Secretary of State, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1955)
1871 – Martha Brookes Hutcheson, American landscape architect (d. 1959)
1873 – Stephen Warfield Gambrill, U.S. Congressman for Maryland's 5th District (d. 1924)
1873 – Plum Warner, English cricketer (d. 1963)
1879 – Wallace Stevens, American poet (d. 1955)
1882 – Boris Shaposhnikov, Russian military commander (d. 1945)
1890 – Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (d. 1977)
1893 – Leroy Shield, American film score and radio composer (Our Gang, Laurel and Hardy) (d. 1962)
1895 – Bud Abbott, American comedian and actor (d. 1974)
1896 – Liaqat Ali Khan, Pakistan's first Prime Minister (d. 1951)
1901 – Alice Prin, French singer and artist (d. 1953)
1902 – Leopold Figl, Austrian politician (d. 1965)
1904 – Graham Greene, British novelist (d. 1991)
1904 – Lal Bahadur Shastri, Prime Minister of India (d. 1966)
1907 – Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1997)
1911 – Jack Finney, American author (d. 1995)
1913 – Karl Miller, German footballer (d. 1967)
1914 – Jack Parsons, American rocket scientist, author, and occultist (d. 1952)
1914 – Bernarr Rainbow, historian of music education, organist, and choir master (d. 1998)
1917 – Christian de Duve, English-born biologist, Nobel laureate
1917 – Charles Drake, American actor (d. 1994)
1921 – Albert Scott Crossfield, American test pilot (d. 2006)
1921 – Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 2000)
1926 – Jan Morris, English writer
1928 – George "Spanky" McFarland, American actor (d. 1993)
1928 – Wolfhart Pannenberg, German theologian
1929 – Howard Roberts, American Jazz Guitarist, Educator, and Session Musician (d. 1992)
1929 – Moses Gunn, American actor (d. 1993)
1929 – Cesare Maestri, Italian climber, famous for climbing Cerro Torre
1930 – Dave Barrett, Premier of British Columbia
1932 – Maury Wills, American baseball player
1933 – Phill Niblock, American composer, filmmaker and videographer
1934 – Earl Wilson, American baseball player (d. 2005)
1935 – Omar Sivori, Argentine football player (d. 2005)
1936 – Dick Barnett, American basketball player
1937 – Johnnie L. Cochran Jr., American attorney (d. 2005)
1938 – Eddie Cochran, American singer (d. 1960)
1938 – Rex Reed, American movie critic and actor
1938 – Waheed Murad, Pakistani film actor and director (d. 1983)
1940 – Gheorghe Gruia, Romanian handball player
1941 – Zareh Baronian, Armenian theologian
1943 – Franklin Rosemont, American artist
1945 – Don McLean, American songwriter
1946 – Gen.Sonthi Boonyaratglin, President of Council for National Security and Commander-in-Chief of Royal Thai Army
1946 – Eric Peterson, Canadian actor
1948 – Avery Brooks, American actor
1948 – Trevor Brooking, English footballer
1948 – Donna Karan, American fashion designer
1948 – Chris LeDoux, American musician and rodeo performer (d. 2005)
1949 – Richard Hell, American musician
1949 – Annie Leibovitz, American photographer
1950 – Persis Khambatta, Indian actress (d. 1998)
1950 – Ian McNeice, English actor
1950 – Mike Rutherford, English musician (Genesis)
1951 – Sting, English musician and actor
1951 – Romina Power, Italian singer
1952 – Robin Riker, American actress
1952 – Wahed Wafa, Afghan singer
1954 – Lorraine Bracco, American actress
1955 – Phil Oakey, English singer (The Human League)
1957 – Wade Dooley, English rugby union player
1960 – Al Connelly, Canadian Musician/Songwriter
1960 – Glenn Anderson, Canadian ice hockey player
1960 – Robbie Nevil, American singer and songwriter
1962 – Sigtryggur Baldursson, Icelandic drummer (The Sugarcubes)
1962 – Aziz M. Osman, Malaysian actor and director
1964 – Dirk Brinkmann, German field hockey player
1964 – Sam Bockarie, RUF Rebel Military Commander
1966 – Rodney Anoa'i (Yokozuna), Samoan-American professional wrestler (d. 2000)
1967 – Frankie Fredericks, Namibian athlete
1967 – Bud Gaugh, American musician (Sublime)
1967 – Gillian Welch, American singer and songwriter
1968 – Victoria Derbyshire, British radio presenter
1968 – Jeff Martin, Canadian singer/songwriter (The Tea Party)
1968 – Jana Novotná, Czech tennis player
1968 – Glen Wesley, Canadian ice hockey player
1969 – Mitch English, American actor
1969 – Damon Gough, English singer
1969 – Jun Akiyama, Japanese professional wrestler
1970 – Eddie Guardado, American baseball relief pitcher
1970 – Kelly Ripa, American actress
1970 – Colin Rivas, Galician artist
1970 – Maribel Verdú, Spanish actress
1971 – James Root, American guitarist (Slipknot)
1971 – Tiffany Darwish, American singer
1972 – Tara Dawn Holland, Miss America 1997
1972 – Aaron Mckie, American basketball player
1973 – Lene, Norwegian singer (Aqua)
1973 – Efren Ramirez, American actor
1973 – Scott Schoeneweis, American baseball player
1973 – Verka Serduchka, Ukrainian entertainer
1973 – Maria Wetterstrand, Swedish politician
1973 – Proof, American rapper (D12) (d. 2006)
1974 – Simon Gregson, British actor
1974 – Michelle Krusiec, American actress
1974 – Mark Porter, New Zealand racing driver (d. 2006)
1974 – Sam Roberts, Canadian singer and songwriter
1974 – Paul Teutul Jr., American custom motorcycle builder
1976 – Jason Dodson, American political consultant and teacher of esotericism
1976 – Mandisa, American singer
1976 – John Thornton, American football player
1976 – Anita Kulcsár, Hungarian handball player (d. 2005)
1978 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer
1979 – Primož Brezec, Slovenian basketball player
1979 – Francisco Fonseca, Mexican footballer
1979 – Maja Ivarsson, Swedish singer (The Sounds)
1980 – Shane Andrus, American football player
1981 – Luke Wilkshire, Australian footballer
1981 – Toro, Taiwanese singer
1982 – Tyson Chandler, American basketball player
1982 – George Pettit, Canadian singer (Alexisonfire)
1982 – Amber Lee Ettinger, American actress
1985 – Buster Davis, American football player
1986 – Camilla Belle, American actress
1987 – Phil Kessel, American ice hockey player
1989 – Karissa and Kristina Shannon, models
1990 – Dean Bouzanis, Australian footballer
1993 – Tara Lynne Barr, American actress

Deaths

939 – Gilbert, Duke of Lorraine
1559 – Jacquet of Mantua, French composer (b. 1483)
1626 – Diego Sarmiento de Acuña, conde de Gondomar, Spanish diplomat (b. 1567)
1629 – Pierre de Bérulle, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1575)
1629 – Antonio Cifra, Italian composer (b. 1584)
1708 – Anne-Jules, 2nd duc de Noailles, French general (b. 1650)
1724 – François-Timoléon de Choisy, French writer (b. 1644)
1746 – Josiah Burchett, English Secretary of the Admiralty
1764 – William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1720)
1775 – Chiyo-ni, Japanese poet (b. 1703)
1780 – John André, British Army officer (executed) (b. 1750)
1782 – Charles Lee, British and U.S. general (b. 1732)
1786 – Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel, British admiral (b. 1725)
1803 – Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader (b. 1722)
1804 – Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot, French steam vehicle pioneer (b. 1725)
1817 – Fyodor Fyodorovich Ushakov, Russian naval commander and admiral (b. 1744)
1850 – Sarah Biffen, English painter (b. 1784)
1853 – François Jean Dominique Arago, French mathematician (b. 1786)
1927 – Svante Arrhenius, Swedish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859)
1938 – Alexandru Averescu, Romanian soldier and politician (b. 1859)
1947 – Peter D. Ouspensky, Russian mathematician and philosopher (b. 1878)
1962 – Boris Y. Bukreev, Russian mathematician (b. 1859)
1968 – Marcel Duchamp, French artist (b. 1887)
1971 – Bola de Nieve, Cuban singer, pianist, and songwriter (b. 1911)
1973 – Paul Hartman, American actor (b. 1904)
1973 – Paavo Nurmi, Finnish runner (b. 1897)
1974 – Vasily Shukshin, Russian writer, actor, screenwriter, and director (b. 1929)
1975 – Kumaraswami Kamaraj, Indian political leader, Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu (b. 1903)
1981 – Harry Golden, American journalist (b. 1902)
1981 – Hazel Scott, West Indian-born singer (b. 1920)
1985 – Rock Hudson, American actor (b. 1925)
1987 – Peter Medawar, Brazilian-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1915)
1987 – Madeleine Carroll, British-born actress (b. 1906)
1988 – Alec Issigonis, Greek-British car designer, developer of the Mini (b. 1906)
1994 – Harriet Hilliard Nelson, American actress (b. 1909)
1996 – Robert Bourassa, politician, premier of Quebec (b. 1933)
1998 – Gene Autry, American singer, actor, and entrepreneur (b. 1907)
1998 – Olivier Gendebien, Belgian racing driver (b. 1924)
1999 – Heinz G. Konsalik, German novelist (b. 1921)
2001 – Franz Biebl, German composer (b. 1906)
2002 – Heinz von Foerster, Austrian-born physicist and philosopher (b. 1911)
2003 – John T. Dunlop, U.S. Secretary of Labor (b. 1914)
2005 – Bert Eriksson, Belgian neo-Nazi (b. 1931)
2005 – Nipsey Russell, American comedian (b. 1918)
2005 – August Wilson, American playwright (b. 1945)
2006 – Helen Chenoweth-Hage, American politician (b. 1938)
2006 – Tamara Dobson, American actress (b. 1947)
2006 – Paul Halmos, Hungarian-born American mathematician (b. 1916)
2007 – Dan Keating, Irish politician (b. 1902)
2007 – Tex Coulter, American football player (b. 1924)
2007 – Christopher Derrick, British writer (b. 1921)
2008 – Rob Guest, New Zealand entertainer (b. 1950)
2008 – Choi Jin-sil, South Korean actress (b. 1968)

Holidays and observances

International Day of Non-Violence to commemorate birthday of Mahatma Gandhi
Guinea – Independence Day (from France, 1958)
India – Gandhi Jayanti (birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, 1869)
Roman Catholic Church
Memorial of Guardian Angels
Leodegar

 

[historylover]

October 3

Events

52 BC – Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, surrenders to the Romans under Julius Caesar, ending the siege and Battle of Alesia.
42 BC – First Battle of Philippi: Triumvirs Mark Antony and Octavian fight an indecisive battle with Caesar's assassins Brutus and Cassius.
1283 – Dafydd ap Gruffydd, prince of Gwynedd in Wales, becomes the first person executed by being hanged, drawn and quartered.
1574 – The Siege of Leiden is lifted by the Watergeuzen.
1683 – The Qing Dynasty naval commander Shi Lang reaches Taiwan (under the Kingdom of Tungning) to receive the formal surrender of Zheng Keshuang and Liu Guoxuan after the Battle of Penghu.
1712 – The Duke of Montrose issues a warrant for the arrest of Rob Roy MacGregor.
1739 – The Treaty of Nissa is signed by the Ottoman Empire and Russia at the finish of the Russian-Turkish War, 1736–1739.
1778 – British Captain James Cook anchors in Alaska.
1795 – General Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence being named to defend the French National Convention against armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the three year old revolutionary government.
1835 – The Staedtler Company is founded in Nuremberg, Germany.
1845 – The US Naval Academy is first opened
1849 – American author Edgar Allan Poe is found delirious in a gutter in Baltimore, Maryland under mysterious circumstances; it is the last time he is seen in public before his death.
1863 – The last Thursday in November is declared as Thanksgiving Day by President Abraham Lincoln as are Thursdays, November 30, 1865 and November 29, 1866.
1873 – Captain Jack and companions are hanged for their part in the Modoc War.
1908 – The Pravda newspaper is founded by Leon Trotsky, Adolph Joffe, Matvey Skobelev and other Russian exiles in Vienna.
1918 – King Boris III of Bulgaria accedes to the throne.
1929 – The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes is renamed to Kingdom of Yugoslavia, "Land of the South Slavs".
1932 – Iraq gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1935 – Second Italo-Abyssinian War: Italy invades Ethiopia under General de Bono.
1942 – Spaceflight: The first successful launch of a V-2 /A4-rocket from Test Stand VII at Peenemünde, Germany. It is the first man-made object to reach space.
1951 – The "Shot Heard 'Round the World", one of the greatest moments in Major League Baseball history, occurs when the New York Giants' Bobby Thomson hits a game winning home run in the bottom of the ninth inning off of the Brooklyn Dodgers pitcher Ralph Branca, to win the National League pennant after being down 14 games.
1952 – The United Kingdom successfully tests a nuclear weapon.
1955 – Captain Kangaroo debuts on the CBS television network.
1955 – The Mickey Mouse Club debuts on ABC.
1957 – Allen Ginsberg's Howl and Other Poems is ruled not obscene.
1962 – Project Mercury: Sigma 7 is launched from Cape Canaveral, with Astronaut Wally Schirra aboard, for a six-orbit, nine-hour flight.
1964 – First Buffalo Wings are made at the Anchor Bar in Buffalo, New York.
1981 – The Hunger Strike by Provisional Irish Republican Army and Irish National Liberation Army prisoners at the Maze Prison in Northern Ireland ends after seven months and ten deaths.
1981 – The Communist Party of Namibia is founded at a conference in Angola.
1985 – The Space Shuttle Atlantis makes its maiden flight. (Mission STS-51-J)
1986 – TASCC, a superconducting cyclotron at the Chalk River Laboratories, is officially opened.
1990 – Re-unification of Germany. The German Democratic Republic ceases to exist and its territory becomes part of the Federal Republic of Germany. East German citizens became part of the European Community, which later became the European Union. Now celebrated as German Unity Day.
1993 – Battle of Mogadishu: In an attempt to capture officials of warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid's organisation in Mogadishu, Somalia, 18 US Soldiers and about 1,000 Somalis are killed in heavy fighting.
1995 – O J Simpson acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman.
2003 – Roy Horn of Siegfried & Roy is attacked by one of the show's tigers, canceling the show for good until 2009, when they rejoined along side the tiger that mauled Roy just six years earlier.
2008 – The $700 billion bailout bill for the US financial system is signed by President Bush.

Births

1716 – Giovanni Battista Beccaria, Italian physicist (d. 1781)
1720 – Johann Peter Uz, German poet (d. 1796)
1790 – John Ross, Chief of the Cherokee Nation (d. 1866)
1792 – Francisco Morazán, Central American statesman (d. 1842)
1797 – Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany (d. 1870)
1800 – George Bancroft, American historian and Secretary of the Navy (d. 1891)
1802 – John Gorrie, American scientist (d. 1855)
1804 – Townsend Harris, 1st U.S. Consul to Japan (d. 1878)
1804 – Allan Kardec, French founder of Spiritism (d. 1869)
1806 – Oliver Cowdery, American religious leader (d. 1850)
1828 – Woldemar Bargiel, German composer (d. 1897)
1848 – Henry Lerolle, French painter (d. 1929)
1858 – Eleonora Duse, Italian actress (d. 1924)
1862 – Johnny Briggs, English cricketer (d. 1902)
1863 – Pyotr Kuzmich Kozlov, Russian explorer (d. 1935)
1869 – Alfred Flatow, German Olympic champion gymnast (d. 1942)
1879 – Warner Oland, Swedish-born actor (d. 1938)
1882 – A. Y. Jackson, Canadian painter (d. 1974)
1885 – Langley Collyer, hoarder (d. 1947)
1885 – Sophie Treadwell, American playwright and journalist (d. 1970)
1886 – Alain-Fournier, French novelist (d. 1914)
1889 – Carl von Ossietzky, German pacifist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1938)
1894 – Elmer Robinson, American politician (d. 1982)
1894 – Walter Warlimont, German General WWII (d. 1976)
1895 – Giovanni Comisso, Italian writer (d. 1969)
1895 – Sergei Aleksandrovich Yesenin, Russian lyrical poet (d. 1925)
1896 – Gerardo Diego, Spanish poet (d. 1987)
1897 – Louis Aragon, French writer (d. 1982)
1898 – Leo McCarey, American film director (d. 1969)
1899 – Gertrude Berg, American actress (d. 1966)
1900 – Thomas Wolfe, American author (d. 1938)
1901 – Jean Grémillon, French film director (d. 1959)
1904 – Charles J. Pedersen, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
1904 – Ernst Gunther Schenck, German doctor who joined the Sturmabteilung in 1933 (d. 1998)
1911 – Michael Hordern, English actor (d. 1995)
1915 – Ray Stark, American film producer (d. 2004)
1916 – James Herriot, English veterinarian and author (d. 1995)
1916 – Shelby Storck, American television producer (d. 1969)
1916 – Russell W. Peterson, American governor
1919 – James M. Buchanan, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
1922 – Jean Lefebvre, French actor (d. 2004)
1923 – Edward Oliver LeBlanc, Dominican politician (d. 2004)
1924 – Arkady Vorobyov, Russian weightlifter
1924 – Harvey Kurtzman, U.S. cartoonist and founding editor of Mad magazine (d. 1993)
1925 – Gore Vidal, American author
1928 – Erik Bruhn, Danish dancer and choreographer (d. 1986)
1928 – Alvin Toffler, American writer and futurist
1929 – Bert Stern, American photographer
1931 – Glenn Hall, National Hockey League goaltender
1933 – Neale Fraser, Australian tennis player
1935 – Charles Duke, American astronaut
1936 – Steve Reich, American composer
1938 – Tereza Kesovija, Croatian singer
1940 – Alan O'Day, American singer and songwriter
1940 – Sheila Fearn, English actress
1940 – Jean Ratelle, Canadian ice hockey player
1941 – Chubby Checker, American musician
1942 – Alan Rachins, American actor
1943 – Jeff Bingaman, Democratic U.S. Senator of New Mexico
1944 – Pierre Deligne, Belgian mathematician
1944 – Roy Horn, German-American magician
1944 – Bob Riley, American politician, governor of Alabama
1945 – Kay Baxter, American bodybuilder (d. 1988)
1945 – Tony Brown, English footballer
1946 – Biff Henderson, American television personality
1947 – John Perry Barlow, American musician
1948 – Michael Medved, American film critic
1949 – Lindsey Buckingham, American musician (Fleetwood Mac)
1949 – J. P. Dutta, Indian Bollywood film director
1950 – Pamela Hensley, American actress
1950 – Ronnie Laws, American saxophonist
1951 – Bernard Cooper, American writer
1951 – Keb' Mo', American singer
1951 – Dave Winfield, American baseball player
1954 – Dennis Eckersley, American baseball player
1954 – Al Sharpton, American minister and activist
1954 – Stevie Ray Vaughan, American musician (d. 1990)
1956 – Hart Bochner, Canadian film actor/director
1957 – Tim Westwood, Pimp My Ride UK presenter and DJ
1959 – Fred Couples, American golfer
1959 – Greg Proops, American actor and comedian
1959 – Jack Wagner, American actor
1961 – Dean Lawrence (actor), English actor
1962 – Tommy Lee, American musician (Mötley Crüe)
1963 – Marion Peck, American artist and painter
1963 – Chip Foose, American automotive designer
1964 – Clive Owen, British actor
1965 – Jan-Ove Waldner, Swedish table tennis player
1966 – Darrin Fletcher, Major League Baseball player
1966 – Frank Hannon American guitarist Tesla (band)
1967 – Rob Liefeld, American comic book writer and artist
1968 – Paul Crichton, English footballer
1968 – Greg Foster, American basketball player
1969 – Gwen Stefani, American singer (No Doubt)
1969 – Tetsu, Japanese bassist (L'Arc~en~Ciel)
1969 – Janel Moloney, American actress
1971 – Wil Cordero, baseball player
1971 – Kevin Richardson, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
1972 – Garrett Dutton, American musician (G. Love and Special Sauce)
1972 – Kim Joo-hyuk, South Korean actor
1972 – Black Thought, American rapper (The Roots)
1972 – Lajon Witherspoon, American singer (Sevendust)
1973 – Keiko Agena, Japanese-American actress
1973 – Neve Campbell, Canadian actress
1973 – Angélica Gavaldón, Mexican tennis player
1973 – Lena Headey, British actress
1975 – Alanna Ubach, American actress
1974 – Marianne Timmer, Dutch speed skater
1974 – Mike Johnson, Canadian ice hockey player
1975 – India.Arie, American singer
1975 – Talib Kweli, American rapper
1976 – Seann William Scott, American actor
1978 – Gerald Asamoah, German footballer
1978 – Neil Clement, English footballer
1978 – Claudio Pizarro, Peruvian footballer
1978 – Jake Shears, singer (Scissor Sisters)
1978 – Shannyn Sossamon, American actress
1979 – Carlo Alban, Ecuadorian actor
1979 – John Hennigan, American professional wrestler
1979 – Daniel Hollie, American professional wrestler
1980 – Sheldon Brookbank, Canadian hockey player
1981 – Danny Coid, English footballer
1981 – Zlatan Ibrahimović, Swedish footballer
1981 – Andreas Isaksson, Swedish footballer
1981 – Matt Murton, American baseball player
1981 – Amanda Walsh, Canadian actress
1982 – Erik von Detten, American actor
1983 – Frederico Chaves Guedes, Brazilian footballer
1983 – Hiroki Suzuki, Japanese actor
1984 – Yoon Eun-Hye, South Korean actress
1984 – Ashlee Simpson-Wentz, American singer
1984 – Chris Marquette, American actor
1987 – Zuleyka Rivera, Puerto Rican Miss Universe
1988 – Tadhg Kelly, American actor
1990 – Rhian Ramos, Filipino actress
1996 – Adair Tishler, American child actress

Deaths

1226 – Saint Francis of Assisi (b. 1181)
1283 – David ap Gruffydd, Welsh prince of Gwynedd (executed) (b. 1238)
1369 – Margarete Maultasch, Countess of Tyrol (b. 1318)
1568 – Elizabeth of Valois, wife of Philip II of Spain (b. 1545)
1596 – Florent Chrestien, French writer (b. 1541)
1611 – Charles of Lorraine, Duke of Mayenne, French military leader (b. 1554)
1629 – Giorgi Saakadze, Georgian military leader (b. 1570)
1649 – Giovanni Diodati, Swiss Protestant clergyman (b. 1576)
1653 – Marcus Zuerius van Boxhorn, Dutch scholar (b. 1612)
1656 – Myles Standish, English-born soldier
1690 – Robert Barclay, Scottish writer (b. 1648)
1701 – Joseph Williamson, English politician (b. 1633)
1801 – Philippe Henri, marquis de Ségur, Marshal of France (b. 1724)
1833 – François, marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat, French general (b. 1754)
1838 – Black Hawk (chief), Leader of the Sauk Native American tribe (b. 1767)
1867 – Elias Howe, American sewing machine pioneer (b. 1819)
1873 – Captain Jack, Modoc tribal leader
1877 – James Roosevelt Bayley, first Bishop of Newark, New Jersey, and the eighth Archbishop of Baltimore (b. 1814)
1881 – Orson Pratt, American religious leader (b. 1811)
1890 – Joseph Hergenröther, German historian (b. 1824)
1891 – Edouard Lucas, French mathematician (b. 1842)
1896 – William Morris, English writer & poet (b. 1834)
1929 – Jeanne Eagels, American actress (b. 1894)
1929 – Gustav Stresemann, Chancellor of Germany, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1878)
1931 – Carl Nielsen, Danish composer (b. 1865)
1936 – John Heisman, American football coach (b. 1869)
1953 – Arnold Bax, English composer (b. 1883)
1965 – Zachary Scott, American actor (b. 1914)
1967 – Woody Guthrie, American musician (b. 1912)
1967 – Malcolm Sargent, English conductor (b. 1895)
1969 – Skip James, American blues musician (b. 1902)
1986 – Vince DiMaggio, American Baseball Player (b. 1912)
1987 – Jean Anouilh, French writer (b. 1910)
1987 – Kalervo Palsa, Finnish artist (b. 1947)
1988 – Franz Josef Strauß, Bavarian politician (b. 1915)
1990 – Stefano Casiraghi, husband of Princess Caroline of Monaco (b. 1960)
1993 – Sgt. First Class Randy Shughart, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1958)
1993 – Master Sgt. Gary Gordon, Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1960)
1994 – Dub Taylor, American actor (b. 1907)
1998 – Roddy McDowall, English actor (b. 1928)
1999 – Akio Morita, Japanese businessman (b. 1921)
2000 – Benjamin Orr, American bassist and singer (The Cars) (b. 1947)
2000 – John Grant, British politician (b. 1932)
2002 – Bruce Paltrow, American television and film producer (b. 1943)
2002 – Robert Krausz, Stock market advisor and investor (b. 1936)
2003 – Florence Stanley, American actress (b. 1924)
2003 – William Steig, American cartoonist and children's author (b. 1907)
2004 – John Cerutti, baseball player and announcer (b. 1960)
2004 – Janet Leigh, American actress (b. 1927)
2005 – Ronnie Barker, English comic actor (b. 1929)
2006 – Alberto Ramento, Filipino bishop (b. 1937)
2006 – John Crank, British mathematician (b. 1913)
2006 – Peter Norman, Australian track star (b. 1942)
2007 – M. N. Vijayan, Indian writer, orator, and academic (b. 1930)
2008 – Karam ud Din, Pakistani Navy officer (b. 1941)
2008 – Johnny J, American record producer and songwriter (b. 1969)
2009 – Queen Fatima, former Libyan queen (b. 1918)

Holidays and observances

Germany – Day of German Unity
Leiden – Siege of Leiden
South Korea – National Foundation Day (Gaecheonjeol 개천절)
French Republican Calendar – Immortelle (Strawflower) Day, twelfth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
Abd-al-Masih, saint and martyr
Ewald, martyr
China – Mid-Autumn Festival

 

[historylover]

October 4

Events

610 – Heraclius arrives by ship from Africa at Constantinople, overthrows Byzantine Emperor Phocas and becomes Emperor.
1209 – Otto IV is crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Innocent III.
1227 – Assassination of Caliph al-Adil.
1363 – End of the Battle of Lake Poyang; the Chinese rebel forces of Zhu Yuanzhang defeat that of his rival, Chen Youliang, in one of the largest naval battles in history.
1511 – Formation of the Holy League of Ferdinand II of Aragon, the Papal States and the Republic of Venice against France.
1537 – The first complete English-language Bible (the Matthew Bible) is printed, with translations by William Tyndale and Miles Coverdale.
1582 – Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar. In Italy, Poland, Portugal, and Spain, October 4 of this year is followed directly by October 15.
1636 – The Swedish Army defeats the armies of Saxony and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Wittstock.
1693 – Battle of Marsaglia: Piedmontese troops are defeated by the French.
1725 – Foundation of Rosario in Argentina.
1777 – Battle of Germantown: Troops under George Washington are repelled by British troops under Sir William Howe.
1779 – The Fort Wilson Riot takes place.
1795 – Napoleon Bonaparte first rises to national prominence with a "Whiff of Grapeshot", using cannon to suppress armed counter-revolutionary rioters threatening the French Legislature (National Convention).
1824 – Mexico adopts a new constitution and becomes a federal republic.
1830 – Creation of the state of Belgium after separation from The Netherlands.
1853 – Crimean War: The Ottoman Empire declares war on Russia.
1876 – Texas A&M University opens as the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas, becoming the first public institution of higher education in Texas.
1883 – First run of the Orient Express.
1883 – First meeting of the Boys' Brigade in Glasgow, Scotland.
1895 – The first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship administered by the United States Golf Association is played at the Newport Country Club in Newport, Rhode Island.
1910 – Declaration of the Portuguese Republic. King Manuel II flees to the United Kingdom.
1910 – Adoption of the Flag of Bermuda.
1918 – An explosion kills more than 100 and destroys the T.A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant in Sayreville, New Jersey. Fires and explosions continue for three days forcing massive evacuations and spreading ordnance over a wide area, pieces of which were still being found in 2007.
1921 – Riccardo Zanella becomes first elected president of Free State of Fiume.
1927 – Gutzon Borglum begins sculpting Mount Rushmore.
1940 – Meeting between Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini at the Brenner Pass.
1943 – World War II: U.S. captures Solomon Islands.
1957 – Space Race: Launch of Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite to orbit the Earth.
1957 – Avro Arrow roll-out ceremony at Avro Canada plant in Malton, Ontario.
1957 Leave it to Beaver premires on CBS.
1958 – Fifth Republic of France is established.
1960 – Eastern Air Lines Flight 375, a Lockheed L-188 Electra, crashes after a bird strike on takeoff from Boston's Logan International Airport, killing 62 of 72 on board.
1965 – Becoming the first Pope to ever visit the United States of America and the Western hemisphere, Pope Paul VI arrives in New York.
1966 – Basutoland becomes independent from the United Kingdom and is renamed Lesotho.
1967 – Omar Ali Saifuddin III of Brunei abdicates in favour of his son, His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah.
1976 – Official launch of the Intercity 125 High Speed Train (HST).
1983 – Richard Noble sets a new land speed record of 633.468 mph (1,019 km/h), driving Thrust 2 at the Black Rock Desert of Nevada.
1985 – Free Software Foundation is founded in Massachusetts, United States.
1988 – U.S. televangelist Jim Bakker is indicted for fraud.
1991 – The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty is opened for signature.
1992 – The Rome General Peace Accords ends a 16 year civil war in Mozambique.
1992 – El Al Flight 1862: an El Al Boeing 747-258F crashes into two apartment buildings in Amsterdam, killing 43 including 39 on the ground.
1993 – Russian Constitutional Crisis: In Moscow, tanks bombard the White House, a government building that housed the Russian parliament, while demonstrators against President Boris Yeltsin rally outside.
1997 – The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history occurs at the Charlotte, North Carolina office of Loomis, Fargo and Company. An FBI investigation eventually results in 24 convictions and the recovery of approximately 95% of the $17.3 million in cash which had been taken.
2001 – NATO confirms invocation of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty.
2001 – Siberia Airlines Flight 1812: a Sibir Airlines Tupolev TU-154 crashes into the Black Sea after being struck by an errant Ukrainian S-200 missile. 78 people are killed.
2003 – Maxim restaurant suicide bombing in Haifa, Israel: 21 Israelis, Jews and Arabs, are killed, and 51 others wounded.
2004 – SpaceShipOne wins Ansari X Prize for private spaceflight, by being the first private craft to fly into space.

Births

1160 – Alys, Countess of the Vexin, daughter of Louis VII of France (d. 1220)
1276 – Margaret of Brabant, Queen of Germany (d. 1311)
1289 – King Louis X of France (d. 1316)
1331 – James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormonde (d. 1382)
1379 – King Henry III of Castile (d. 1406)
1515 – Lucas Cranach the Younger, German painter (d. 1586)
1542 – Robert Bellarmine, Italian saint (d. 1621)
1550 – King Charles IX of Sweden (d. 1611)
1562 – Christian Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer (d. 1647)
1570 – Péter Pázmány, Hungarian cardinal (d. 1637)
1585 – Anna of Tyrol, Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1618)
1625 – Jacqueline Pascal, French child prodigy (d. 1661)
1626 – Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland (d. 1712)
1657 – Francesco Solimena, Italian painter (d. 1747)
1720 – Giovanni Battista Piranesi, Italian artist (d. 1778)
1723 – Nikolaus Poda von Neuhaus, German entomologist (d. 1798)
1759 – Antoine Arbogast, French mathematician (d. 1803)
1787 – François Guizot, French statesman (d. 1874)
1807 – Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, French Canadian politician, prime minister of the Province of Canada (d. 1864)
1814 – Jean-François Millet, French painter (d. 1875)
1822 – Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th President of the United States (d. 1893)
1836 – Juliette Adam, French writer (d. 1936)
1841 – Prudente José de Morais Barros, President of Brazil (d. 1912)
1841 – Maria Sophie of Bavaria, queen of the Two Sicilies (d. 1925)
1858 – Michael I. Pupin, Serbian-born telephone pioneer (d. 1935)
1861 – Frederic Remington, American painter (d. 1909)
1861 – Walter Rauschenbusch, Christian Theologian and Baptist Minister (d. 1918)
1862 – Edward Stratemeyer, American author (d. 1930)
1876 – Hugh McCrae, Australian writer (d. 1958)
1877 – Razor Smith, English cricketer (d. 1946)
1880 – Damon Runyon, American writer (d. 1946)
1881 – Walther von Brauchitsch, German Commander-in-Chief (d. 1948)
1884 – Subramaniya Siva, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1925)
1886 – Luis Alberni, Spanish actor (d. 1962)
1888 – Oscar Mathisen, Norwegian speed skater (d. 1954)
1890 – Dr. Alan L. Hart (Born Lucille Hart), First known American female to male transsexual (SRS in 1917), radiologist, tuberculosis researcher, writer and novelist. (d. 1962)
1892 – Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian politician (d. 1934)
1892 – Hermann Glauert, British aerodynamicist (d. 1934)
1895 – Buster Keaton, American comedian (d. 1966)
1896 – Ida Frabboni, Italian supercentenarian
1903 – John Vincent Atanasoff, American computer pioneer (d. 1995)
1903 – Pierre Garbay, French army general and military governor of Paris (d. 1980)
1903 – Ernst Kaltenbrunner, German military officer and senior Nazi (d. 1946)
1903 – Bona Arsenault, French Canadian politician, historian and genealogist (d. 1993)
1907 – Run Run Shaw, Hong Kong media mogul
1910 – Frankie Crosetti, American baseball player (d. 2002)
1911 – Sir Michael Hordern, British actor (d. 1995)
1914 – Jim Cairns, Australian politician (d. 2003)
1914 – Brendan Gill, American writer (d. 1997)
1916 – Vitaly Ginzburg, Russian physicist, Nobel laureate
1916 – Jan Murray, American comedian (d. 2006)
1916 – George Sidney, American film director (d. 2002)
1918 – Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1998)
1922 – Malcolm Baldrige, 26th United States Secretary of Commerce (d. 1987)
1922 – Shin Kyuk-Ho, Japanese businessman
1923 – Charlton Heston, American actor and former president of the NRA (d. 2008)
1926 – Phar Lap, New Zealand racehorse (d. 1932)
1928 – Torben Ulrich, Danish musician, writer, filmmaker and tennis player
1929 – Scotty Beckett, American child actor, Our Gang comedies (d. 1968)
1929 – Leroy Van Dyke, American singer
1931 – Richard Rorty, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy, Stanford University (d. 2007)
1932 – Milan Chvostek, Canadian television director
1934 – Sam Huff, American football player
1937 – Jackie Collins, British author
1937 – Jim Sillars, Scottish politician
1938 – Kurt Wüthrich, Swiss chemist, Nobel laureate
1940 – Silvio Marzolini, Argentine footballer
1940 – Alberto Vilar, Cuban-American investor and philanthropist
1941 – Roy Blount, Jr., American writer
1941 – Anne Rice, American writer
1941 – Robert Wilson, American theatre director
1941 – Karl Oppitzhauser, Austrian racing driver
1942 – Bernice Johnson Reagon, American musician (Sweet Honey in the Rock)
1942 – Karl W. Richter, American aviator (d. 1967)
1942 – Johanna Sigurdardottir, Prime Minister of Iceland
1943 – H. Rap Brown, American civil rights activist
1944 – Tony La Russa, American baseball manager
1944 – Rocío Dúrcal, Spanish singer and actress (d. 2006)
1945 – Clifton Davis, American actor
1946 – Chuck Hagel, American politician
1946 – Bridget St John, English singer/songwriter and guitarist
1946 – Susan Sarandon, American actress
1946 – Michael Mullen, American Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
1947 – Ann Widdecombe, British politician
1947 – Julien Clerc, French singer
1947 – Jim Fielder, American bassist (Blood, Sweat & Tears)
1948 – Linda McMahon, CEO of World Wrestling Entertainment
1949 – Armand Assante, American actor
1949 – Stephen Gyllenhaal, American director
1950 – Meg Bennett, American writer and actress
1951 – Bakhytzhan Kanapyanov, Kazakh poet
1953 – Tchéky Karyo, Turkish-French actor
1955 – Jorge Valdano, Argentine footballer
1957 – Alexander Tkachyov, Soviet gymnast
1957 – Bill Fagerbakke, American actor
1957 – Russell Simmons, American entrepreneur
1957 – Kyra Schon, American actress
1959 – Chris Lowe, British musician (Pet Shop Boys)
1959 – Tony Meo, English snooker player
1960 – Joe Boever, American baseball player
1961 – Kazuki Takahashi, Japanese author
1961 – Philippe Russo, French singer
1962 – Jon Secada, Cuban singer and songwriter
1962 – Carlos Carsolio, Mexican alpinist. Fourth person to summit all 14 of the eight-thousanders.
1963 – A. C. Green, American basketball player
1963 – Koji Ishikawa, Japanese children's author
1964 – Sarah Lancashire, British actress
1965 – Skip Heller, American musician
1967 – Marcus Bentley, British voice actor
1967 – Ekin Cheng Yee-Kin, Hong Kong actor and Cantopop singer
1967 – Liev Schreiber, American actor
1970 – Richard Hancox, English footballer
1971 – Darren Middleton, Australian guitarist
1971 – Friderika Bayer, Hungarian singer
1972 – Kurt Thomas, American basketball player
1973 – Chris Parks, American wrestler
1974 – Paco León, Spanish actor
1975 – Cristiano Lucarelli, Italian football player
1976 – Alicia Silverstone, American actress
1976 – Mauro Camoranesi, Argentine-Italian footballer
1977 – Cabral Ibacka, Romanian actor and television presenter
1978 – Ko Soo, South Korean television and movie actor
1978 – Kyle Lohse, American baseball player
1978 – Phillip Glasser, American actor and producer
1979 – Rachael Leigh Cook, American actress
1979 – Adam Voges, Australian and West Australian cricketer
1979 – Stefan Booth, British actor
1979 – Bjorn Phau, German tennis player
1980 – Kristina Lenko, Canadian ice skater
1980 – Me'Lisa Barber, American athlete
1980 – Sarah Fisher, American race car driver
1980 – Tim Peper, American actor
1980 – Tomáš Rosický, Czech footballer
1981 – Justin Williams, Canadian ice hockey player
1981 – Scott Hammond, American photographer
1981 – Juka, Japanese singer
1982 – Jered Weaver, American baseball player
1982 – Tony Gwynn Jr., American baseball player
1983 – Risa Kudo, Japanese gravure idol
1983 – Ueda Tatsuya, Japanese idol (member of KAT-TUN)
1983 – Dan Clarke, British racing driver
1983 – Kurt Suzuki, American baseball player
1984 – Lena Katina, Russian singer (t.A.T.u.)
1984 – Álvaro Parente, Portuguese racing driver
1985 – Shontelle Layne, Barbados born singer
1986 – Yuridia, Mexican singer
1987 – Rawez Lawan, Swedish footballer
1988 – Derrick Rose, American basketball player
1989 – Dakota Johnson, American actress
1989 – Lil Mama, American rapper
1989 – Kimmie Meissner, American figure skater
2005 – Prince Emmanuel of Belgium

Deaths

1052 – Vladimir of Novgorod (b. 1020)
1221 – William III Talvas, Count of Ponthieu (b. 1179)
1250 – Herman VI, Margrave of Baden (b. 1226)
1305 – Emperor Kameyama of Japan (b. 1249)
1582 – Teresa of Avila, Spanish saint (b. 1515)
1597 – Sarsa Dengel, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1550)
1646 – Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, English statesman (b. 1586)
1660 – Francesco Albani, Italian painter (b. 1578)
1661 – Jacqueline Pascal, French child prodigy (b. 1625)
1669 – Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, Dutch painter (b. 1606)
1680 – Pierre-Paul Riquet, French engineer
1743 – John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll, Scottish soldier (b. 1678)
1749 – Franz Freiherr von der Trenck, Austrian soldier (b. 1711)
1754 – Tanacharison, Catawba Indian chief
1785 – David Brearly, American statesman (b. 1703)
1821 – John Rennie, Scottish engineer (b. 1761)
1851 – Manuel de Godoy, Spanish statesman (b. 1767)
1852 – James Whitcomb, American politician (b. 1795)
1859 – Karl Baedeker, German publisher (b. 1801)
1864 – Joseph Montferrand, French Canadian logger and strong man (b. 1802)
1867 – Francis Xavier Seelos German-American Roman Catholic priest (b. 1819)
1890 – Catherine Booth, the Mother of The Salvation Army (b. 1829)
1903 – Otto Weininger, Austrian philosopher (b. 1880)
1904 – Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor (b. 1834)
1904 – Karl Bayer, Austrian chemist (b. 1847)
1910 – Sergey Muromtsev, Russian lawyer and politician, and President of the First Imperial Duma (b. 1850)
1935 – Jean Béraud, French painter (b. 1849)
1935 – Marie Gutheil-Schoder, German soprano (b. 1874)
1943 – Irena Iłłakowicz, Polish intelligence agent (b. 1906)
1944 – Al Smith, American politician (b. 1873)
1946 – Barney Oldfield, American automobile pioneer (b. 1878)
1947 – Max Planck, German physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1858)
1951 – Willie Moretti, American gangster (b. 1894)
1955 – Alexander Papagos, Greek general and political leader (b. 1883)
1961 – Metropolitan Benjamin (Fedchenkov), Orthodox missionary and writer, Exarch of Russian Church in North America (b. 1880)
1969 – Natalino Otto, Italian singer (b. 1912)
1970 – Janis Joplin, American singer (b. 1943)
1974 – Anne Sexton, American poet (b. 1928)
1975 – Joan Whitney Payson, American heiress (b. 1903)
1981 – Freddie Lindstrom, Major League Baseball Hall of famer (b. 1905)
1982 – Glenn Gould, Canadian pianist (b. 1932)
1989 – Graham Chapman, British comedian (b. 1941)
1989 – Secretariat, American race horse (b. 1970)
1990 – Alyn Ainsworth, British bandleader (b. 1924)
1990 – Avis Bunnage, English actress (b. 1923)
1991 – J. Frank Wilson, American singer (J. Frank Wilson and the Cavaliers) (b. 1941)
1992 – Denny Hulme, New Zealand race car driver and 1967 Formula One world champion (b. 1936)
1993 – Jim Holton, Scottish footballer (b. 1951)
1994 – Danny Gatton, American guitar virtuoso (b. 1945)
1996 – Larry Gene Bell, American child murderer (executed by electric chair) (b. 1949)
1997 – Gunpei Yokoi, Japanese game developer (b. 1941)
1999 – Erik Brødreskift (aka Grim), Norwegian black metal musician (b. 1969)
1999 – Art Farmer, American jazz trumpet player (b. 1928)
1999 – Bernard Buffet, French painter (b. 1928)
2000 – Michael Smith, biochemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1932)
2000 – Yu Kuo-hwa, former Premier of Taiwan (b. 1914)
2001 – Blaise Alexander, American race car driver (b. 1976)
2001 – Ahron Soloveichik, Orthodox Jewish rabbi (b. 1917)
2002 – Alphonse Chapanis, founder of ergonomics (b. 1917)
2002 – André Delvaux, Belgian film director and screenwriter (b. 1926)
2003 – Sid McMath, American politician (b. 1912)
2004 – Gordon Cooper, American astronaut (b. 1927)
2004 – Rio Diaz, Filipino actress & TV hosts (b. 1959)
2005 – Stanley K. Hathaway, American politician (b. 1924)
2006 – Tom Bell, English actor on stage, television and film (b. 1933)
2007 – Qassem Al-Nasser, Jordanian General (b. 1925)
2009 – Mercedes Sosa, Argentinian singer (b. 1935)

Holidays and observances

RC Saints – Feast day of Saint Francis of Assisi; also of Saint Amun, Saint Petronius of Bologna.
Also see October 4 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Lesotho – Independence Day (from Britain, 1966).
World Animal Day
The beginning of World Space Week

 

[historylover]

October 5

Events

610 – Coronation of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius
869 – The Fourth Council of Constantinople is convened to decide about what to do about Patriarch Photius of Constantinople.
1143 – The king Alfonso VII of Leon recognises Portugal as a Kingdom.
1550 – Foundation of Concepción, city in Chile.
1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1665 – The University of Kiel is founded.
1789 – French Revolution: Women of Paris march to Versailles in the March on Versailles to confront Louis XVI about his refusal to promulgate the decrees on the abolition of feudalism, demand bread, and have the King and his court moved to Paris.
1793 – French Revolution: Christianity is disestablished in France.
1857 – The City of Anaheim is founded.
1864 – The Indian city of Calcutta is almost totally destroyed by a cyclone; 60,000 die.
1869 – A strong hurricane devastates the Bay of Fundy region of Maritime Canada. The storm had been predicted over a year before by a British naval officer.
1877 – Chief Joseph surrenders his Nez Perce band to General Nelson A. Miles.
1895 – The first individual time trial for racing cyclists is held on a 50-mile course north of London.
1903 – Sir Samuel Griffith is appointed the first Chief Justice of Australia and Sir Edmund Barton and Richard O'Connor are appointed as foundation justices.
1905 – Wilbur Wright pilots Wright Flyer III in a flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes, a world record that stood until 1908.
1910 – Portugal overthrows its monarchy and declares itself a republic.
1914 – World War I first aerial combat resulting in a kill.
1915 – Bulgaria enters World War I as one of the Central Powers.
1921 – Baseball: The World Series is broadcast on the radio for the first time.
1930 – British Airship R101 crashed in France en-route to India on its maiden voyage.
1936 – The Jarrow March sets off for London.
1944 – Royal Canadian Air Force pilots shoot down the first German jet fighter over France.
1944 – Suffrage is extended to women in France.
1945 – Hollywood Black Friday: A six month strike by Hollywood set decorators turns into a bloody riot at the gates of Warner Brothers' studios.
1947 – The first televised White House address is given by U.S. President Harry S. Truman.
1948 – The 1948 Ashgabat earthquake kills 110,000.
1953 – The first documented recovery meeting of Narcotics Anonymous is held.
1966 – Near Detroit, Michigan, there is a partial core meltdown at the Enrico Fermi demonstration nuclear breeder reactor.
1968 – Police baton civil rights demonstrators in Derry, Northern Ireland – considered to mark the beginning of The Troubles.
1969 – The first episode of the famous comedy show Monty Python's Flying Circus aired on BBC.
1970 – The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is founded.
1970 – Montreal, Quebec: British Trade Commissioner James Cross is kidnapped by members of the FLQ terrorist group.
1973 – Signature of the European Patent Convention.
1974 – Guildford pub bombing by the IRA leaves 5 dead and 65 injured.
1981 – Raoul Wallenberg becomes an honorary U.S. citizen.
1984 – Marc Garneau becomes the first Canadian in space, aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger.
1986 – Israeli secret nuclear weapons are revealed. The British newspaper The Sunday Times ran Mordechai Vanunu's story on its front page under the headline: "Revealed — the secrets of Israel's nuclear arsenal."
1988 – The Chilean opposition coalition Concertación (center-left) defeat Augusto Pinochet in his re-election intentions. Next year a general election is called.
1990 – After one hundred and fifty years The Herald broadsheet newspaper in Melbourne, Australia, is published for the last time as a separate newspaper.
1991 – An Indonesian military transport crashes after takeoff from Jakarta killing 137.
1991 – The first official version of the Linux kernel, version 0.02, is released.
1999 – The Ladbroke Grove rail crash in west London kills 31 people.
2000 – Mass demonstrations in Belgrade lead to resignation of Serbian strongman Slobodan Milošević. These demonstrations are often called the Bulldozer Revolution.
2001 – Robert Stevens becomes the first victim in the 2001 anthrax attacks.

Births

1338 – Alexios III, Emperor of Trebizond (d. 1390)
1520 – Alessandro Cardinal Farnese, Italian cardinal (d. 1589)
1641 – Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan, French mistress of King Louis XIV of France (d. 1707)
1658 – Mary of Modena, queen of James II of England (d. 1718)
1695 – John Glas, Scottish minister (d. 1773)
1703 – Jonathan Edwards, American minister (d. 1758)
1712 – Francesco Guardi, Italian painter (d. 1793)
1713 – Denis Diderot, French philosopher and encylopedist (d. 1784)
1715 – Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau, French economist (d. 1789)
1717 – Marie-Anne de Mailly-Nesle duchess de Châteauroux, French mistress of King Louis XV of France (d. 1744)
1781 – Bernard Bolzano, Czech mathematician and philosopher (d. 1848)
1792 – Joseph Crosfield, English soap and alkali manufacturer (d. 1844)
1795 – Alexander Keith, Scottish-born Canadian brewer (d. 1873)
1820 – David Wilber, American politician (d. 1890)
1822 – Hans Hampel, Czech composer and pianist (d. 1884)
1824 – Henry Chadwick, English-born American baseball writer and statistician (d. 1908)
1829 – Chester A. Arthur, 21st President of the United States (d. 1886)
1844 – Francis William Reitz, State President of the Orange Free State (d. 1934)
1848 – Guido von List, German writer (d. 1919)
1850 – Sergey Muromtsev, Russian lawyer and politician, and President of the First Imperial Duma (d. 1910)
1857 – Peadar Mac Fhionnlaoich, Irish Language writer (d. 1942)
1864 – Louis Lumière, French film pioneer (d. 1948)
1878 – Louise Dresser, American actress (d. 1965)
1879 – Francis Peyton Rous, American pathologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1970)
1882 – Robert Goddard, American rocket scientist (d. 1945)
1887 – René Cassin, French jurist and Nobel laureate (d. 1976)
1889 – Teresa de la Parra, Venezuelan writer (d. 1936)
1892 – Remington Kellogg, American naturalist (d. 1969)
1894 – Bevil Rudd, South African athlete (d. 1948)
1899 – Georg, Duke of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (d. 1963)
1901 – John Alton, American cinematographer (d. 1996)
1902 – Larry Fine, American actor and comedian (d. 1975)
1902 – Ray Kroc, American fast food entrepreneur (d. 1984)
1903 – M. King Hubbert, American geophysicist (d. 1989)
1904 – John Hoyt, American film and television actor (d. 1991)
1905 – Harriet E. MacGibbon, American actress (d. 1987)
1907 – Mrs. Miller, American singer (d. 1997)
1908 – Joshua Logan, American film director and writer (d. 1988)
1909 – Tony Malinosky, American baseball player
1911 – Flann O'Brien, Irish humorist (d. 1966)
1912 – Fritz Fischer, Nazi war criminal (d. 2003)
1913 – Eugene Bennett Fluckey American Navy Submariner (d. 2007)
1916 – Stetson Kennedy, American writer
1917 – Allen Ludden, American television game show host (d. 1981)
1919 – Donald Pleasence, English actor (d. 1995)
1921 – Bill Willis, American football player (d. 2007)
1922 – José Froilán González, Argentine race car driver
1922 – Bil Keane, American cartoonist
1922 – Jock Stein, Scottish footballer and manager (d. 1985)
1923 – Albert Guðmundsson, Icelandic footballer (d. 1994)
1923 – Philip Berrigan, American peace activist (d. 2002)
1923 – Glynis Johns, British actress
1923 – Bill Wirtz, longtime Chicago Blackhawks owner (d. 2007)
1923 – Stig Dagerman, Swedish writer (d. 1954)
1924 – Bill Dana, American actor
1924 – Barbara Kelly, Canadian-born actress (d. 2007)
1924 – José Donoso, Chilean writer (d. 1996)
1925 – Gail Davis, American actress (d. 1997)
1925 – Bob Thaves, American cartoonist (d. 2006)
1926 – Willi Unsoeld, American climber (d. 1979)
1928 – Louise Fitzhugh, American author (d. 1974)
1929 – Fred Feast, English actor (d. 1999)
1929 – Richard F. Gordon, Jr., American astronaut
1930 – Anne Haddy, Australian actress (d. 1999)
1930 – Pavel Popovich, Soviet cosmonaut (d. 2009)
1930 – Reinhard Selten, German economist, Nobel laureate
1932 – Michael John Rogers, English ornithologist (d. 2006)
1933 – Diane Cilento, Australian actress
1934 – Angelo Buono, Jr., American serial killer (d. 2002)
1935 – Arlene Saunders, American soprano
1936 – Václav Havel, President of the Czech Republic
1937 – Barry Switzer, American football coach
1938 – Teresa Heinz Kerry, American philanthropist
1939 – Marie Laforêt, French singer and actress
1939 – Marie-Claire Blais, French Canadian author and playwright
1939 – Consuelo Ynares-Santiago, Filipino Supreme Court jurist
1939 – Walter Wolf, Slovenian-born Canadian industrialist
1940 – Milena Dravić, Serbian actress
1941 – Eduardo Duhalde, President of Argentina
1942 – Richard Street, American singer (The Temptations)
1943 – Steve Miller, American musician (Steve Miller Band)
1943 – Ben Cardin, American politician, junior senator of Maryland
1945 – Brian Connolly, Scottish singer (Sweet) (d. 1997)
1945 – Geoff Leigh, English musician (Henry Cow)
1946 – Zahida Hina, Pakistani columnist
1946 – Jean Perron, Canadian ice hockey coach
1947 – Brian Johnson, English singer (AC/DC)
1948 – Tawl Ross, American musician (P Funk)
1948 – Zoran Živković, Serbian writer
1949 – Ralph Goodale, Canadian politician
1949 – Bill James, American baseball writer
1949 – B. W. Stevenson, American singer (d. 1988)
1950 – 'Fast' Eddie Clarke, English guitarist (Motörhead, Fastway)
1950 – Jeff Conaway, American actor
1950 – Edward P. Jones, American writer
1951 – Karen Allen, American actress
1951 – Bob Geldof, Irish singer (The Boomtown Rats) and activist
1952 – Clive Barker, English writer
1952 – Duncan Regehr, Canadian actor
1952 – Gigi Sabani, Italian TV host (d. 2007)
1955 – Jean-Jacques Lafon, French singer-songwriter
1955 – Caroline Loeb, French singer and actress
1955 – Ángela Molina, Spanish actress
1957 – Mark Geragos, American attorney
1957 – Lee Thompson, English saxophonist (Madness), vocalist
1957 – Bernie Mac, American actor and comedian (d. 2008)
1958 – André Kuipers, Dutch astronaut
1960 – Daniel Baldwin, American actor
1960 – Careca, Brazilian footballer
1961 – Sharon Cheslow, American musician, composer and artist
1961 – Matthew Kauffman, American journalist and George Polk Award winner
1961 – David Kirk, New Zealand rugby union footballer
1962 – Michael Andretti, American race car driver
1962 – Caron Keating, British television personality (d. 2004)
1963 – Laura Davies, English golfer
1964 – Keiji Fujiwara, Japanese voice actor
1964 – Malik Saidullaev Chechen businessman
1964 – Warren E. Miller, Maryland politician
1965 – Trace Armstrong, American football player
1965 – Mario Lemieux, Canadian ice hockey player
1965 – Patrick Roy, Canadian ice hockey player
1966 – Jan Verhaas, Dutch snooker referee
1966 – Dennis Byrd, American football player
1967 – Rex Chapman, American basketball player
1967 – Guy Pearce, Anglo-Australian actor
1970 – Josie Bissett, American actress
1970 – Audie Pitre, bass guitarist (d. 1996)
1971 – South Park Mexican, American rapper
1971 – Mauricio Pellegrino, Argentine former footballer
1971 – Samuel Vincent, Canadian voice actor
1972 – Grant Hill, American basketball player
1972 – Thomas Roberts, American news anchor
1972 – Aaron Guiel, Canadian baseball outfielder
1974 – Heather Headley, Trinidadian singer
1974 – Rich Franklin, American Mixed Martial Artist
1974 – Colin Meloy, American singer (The Decemberists) (married to Carson Ellis who shares his birthday)
1975 – Bobo Baldé, Guinean footballer
1975 – Parminder Nagra, English actress
1975 – Kate Winslet, English actress
1975 – Carson Ellis, American artist (married to Colin Meloy who shares her birthday)
1975 – Scott Weinger American actor
1976 – Song Seung-hun, South Korean actor
1976 – Ramzan Kadyrov, Chechen President
1976 – J. J. Yeley, American race car driver
1978 – Shane Ryan, Irish Gaelic footballer
1978 – Jesse Palmer, Canadian-born American football player
1978 – Morgan Webb, Canadian-born television presenter
1978 – James Valentine, American musician (Maroon 5)
1979 – Curtis Sanford, Canadian ice hockey player
1979 – Vincenzo Grella, Australian footballer
1979 – Jaime Chambers, American television reporter
1981 – Kelvin Tan Wei Lian, Singaporean singer
1983 – Mashrafe Mortaza, Bangladeshi cricketer
1983 – Nicky Hilton, American heiress
1984 – Kenwyne Jones, Trinidadian footballer
1985 – Nicola Roberts, English singer (Girls Aloud)
1987 – Kevin Mirallas, Belgian footballer
1987 – Javier Villa, Spanish racing driver
1988 – Bahar Kızıl, German Singer (Monrose)
1988 – Bobby Edner, American actor
1988 – Maja Salvador, Filipina Actress

Deaths

578 – Justin II, Byzantine Emperor
1056 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1017)
1112 – Sigebert of Gembloux, French chronicler
1214 – King Alfonso VIII of Castile (b. 1155)
1285 – King Philip III of France (b. 1245)
1528 – Richard Foxe, English churchman
1540 – Helius Eobanus Hessus, German poet (b. 1488)
1564 – Pierre de Manchicourt, Flemish composer
1565 – Lodovico Ferrari, Italian mathematician (b. 1522)
1606 – Philippe Desportes, French poet (b. 1546)
1714 – Kaibara Ekiken, Japanese philosopher (b. 1630)
1740 – Johann Philipp Baratier, German scholar (b. 1721)
1777 – Ján Andrej Segner, Slovak and German mathematician, physicist, and physician (b. 1704)
1791 – Grigori Potemkin, Russian statesman (b. 1739)
1805 – Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, British general (b. 1738)
1813 – Tecumseh, Shawnee leader (b. 1768)
1848 – Joseph Hormayr Freiherr zu Hortenburg, Austrian politician (b. 1781)
1861 – Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski, Polish bishop (b. 1778)
1880 – Jacques Offenbach, German-born composer (b. 1819)
1913 – Hans von Bartels, German painter (b. 1856)
1918 – Roland Garros, French pilot (b. 1888)
1930 – Christopher Birdwood Thomson, 1st Baron Thomson, British military officer (b. 1875)
1933 – Renée Adorée, French actress (b. 1898)
1933 – Nikolai Nikolaevich Yudenich, Russian general (b. 1862)
1936 – J. Slauerhoff, Dutch poet and novelist (tuberculosis) (b. 1898)
1938 – Saint Faustina, Polish saint (b. 1905)
1940 – Ballington Booth, Salvation Army Officer and co-founder of Volunteers of America (b. 1857)
1940 – Lincoln Loy McCandless, American cattle rancher (b. 1859)
1940 – Silvestre Revueltas, Mexican musician (b. 1889)
1941 – Louis Dembitz Brandeis, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1856)
1943 – Leon Roppolo, American musician (b. 1902)
1950 – Frederic Lewy, German neurologist (b. 1885)
1952 – Joe Jagersberger, Austrian racing driver (b. 1884)
1975 – Lady Constance Malleson, British actor and writer (b. 1895)
1976 – Lars Onsager, Norwegian chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1903)
1976 – Barbara Nichols, American actress (b. 1929)
1981 – Gloria Grahame, American actress (b. 1923)
1983 – Earl Tupper, American inventor (b. 1907)
1983 – Humberto Mauro, Brazilian film director and screenwriter (b. 1897)
1986 – Hal B. Wallis, American film producer (b. 1898)
1986 – James H. Wilkinson, English mathematician (b. 1919)
1986 – Mike Burgmann, Australian racing driver (b. 1947)
1992 – Eddie Kendricks, American singer (The Temptations) (b. 1939)
1995 – Linda Gary, American voice actress (b. 1944)
1996 – Seymour Cray, American computer pioneer (b. 1925)
1997 – Brian Pillman, American professional wrestler (b. 1962)
2000 – Cătălin Hîldan, Romanian footballer (b. 1976)
2001 – Mike Mansfield, American politician (b. 1903)
2002 – Chuck Rayner, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1920)
2003 – Denis Quilley, English actor (b. 1927)
2003 – Dan Snyder, Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1978)
2003 – Timothy Treadwell, American bear enthusiast featured in Grizzly Man (b. 1957)
2004 – Rodney Dangerfield, American comedian (b. 1921)
2004 – Maurice Wilkins, New Zealand physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1916)
2004 – William H. Dobelle, American biomedical engineer, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine nominee (b. 1941)
2006 – Jennifer Moss, English actress (b. 1945)
2006 – Antonio Peña, Mexican founder of lucha libre promotion AAA (b. 1953)
2007 – Justin Tuveri, Italian veteran of the First World War (b. 1898)
2009 – Ernő Kolczonay, Hungarian fencer (b. 1953)

Holidays and observances

Roman calendar
Mundus patet: a harvest feast involving the dead.
Portugal – Republic Day, celebrates overthrow of the Monarchy in 1910
International World Teachers' Day
French Republican Calendar – Réséda (Mignonette) Day, fourteenth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
Indonesia – Army Day
Hor and Susia in the Coptic Church
Feast day of Saint Faustina Kowalska, Blessed Francis Xavier Seelos and Saint Thraseas in the Roman Catholic Church

 

[historylover]

October 6

Events

105 BC – Battle of Arausio: The Cimbri inflict the heaviest defeat on the Roman army of Gnaeus Mallius Maximus.
69 BC – Battle of Tigranocerta: Forces of the Roman Republic defeat the army of the Kingdom of Armenia led by King Tigranes the Great.
68 BC – Battle of Artaxata: Lucullus averts the bad omen of this day by defeating Tigranes the Great of Armenia.
1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1600 – Jacopo Peri's Euridice, the earliest surviving opera, receives its première performance in Florence, signifying the beginning of the Baroque Period
1683 – William Penn brings 13 German immigrant families to the colony of Pennsylvania, marking the first immigration of German people to America.
1762 – Seven Years' War: conclusion of the Battle of Manila between Britain and Spain, which resulted in the British occupation of Manila for the rest of the war.
1789 – French Revolution: Louis XVI returns to Paris from Versailles after being confronted by the Parisian women on 5 October
1849 – The execution of the 13 Martyrs of Arad after the Hungarian war of independence.
1854 – The Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead starts shortly after midnight, leading to 53 deaths and hundreds injured.
1884 – The Naval War College of the United States Navy is founded in Newport, Rhode Island.
1889 – Thomas Edison shows his first motion picture.
1898 – Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia Fraternity founded at the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, Massachusetts.
1903 – The High Court of Australia sits for the first time.
1906 – The Majlis of Iran convene for the first time.
1908 – Austria annexes Bosnia and Herzegovina.
1921 – International PEN is founded in London.
1922 – The great powers of World War I withdraw from Istanbul
1927 – Opening of The Jazz Singer, the first prominent talking movie.
1928 – Chiang Kai-Shek becomes Chairman of the Republic of China.
1939 – World War II: The last Polish army is defeated.
1945 – Baseball: Billy Sianis and his pet billy goat are ejected from Wrigley Field during Game 4 of the 1945 World Series (see Curse of the Billy Goat).
1955 – A United Airlines DC-4 crashes in Medicine Bow Peak, Wyoming, killing 66 people
1966 – LSD is declared illegal in the United States.
1973 – Egypt launches a coordinated attack against Israel to reclaim land lost in the Six Day War. The Ramadan War Yom Kippur War starts at 2:05 pm that day.
1976 – Cubana Flight 455 crashes into the Atlantic Ocean shortly after taking off from Bridgetown, Barbados after two bombs, placed on board by terrorists with connections to the CIA, exploded. All 73 people on-board are killed.
1976 – New Premier Hua Guofeng orders the arrest of the Gang of Four and associates and ends the Cultural Revolution in the People's Republic of China.
1976 – Massacre of students gathering at Thammasat University in Bangkok, Thailand to protest the return of ex-dictator Thanom, by a coalition of right-wing paramilitary and government forces, triggering the return of the military to government.
1977 – In Alicante, Spain, fascists attack a group of MCPV militants and sympathizers, and one MCPV sympathizer is killed.
1977 – The first prototype of the MiG-29, designated 9-01, makes its maiden flight.
1979 – Pope John Paul II becomes the first pontiff to visit the White House.
1981 – President of Egypt, Anwar al-Sadat is assassinated.
1985 – PC Keith Blakelock is murdered as riots erupt in the Broadwater Farm suburb of London.
1987 – Fiji becomes a republic.
1995 – 51 Pegasi is discovered to be the first major star apart from the Sun to have a planet (and extrasolar planet) orbiting around it.
2000 – Yugoslav president Slobodan Milošević resigns.
2000 – Argentine vice president Carlos Álvarez resigns.
2002 – The French oil tanker Limburg is bombed off Yemen.
2007 – Jason Lewis completes the first human-powered circumnavigation of the globe.

Births

1289 – King Wenceslaus III of Bohemia (d. 1306)
1459 – Martin Behaim, German navigator and geographer (d. 1507)
1510 – Rowland Taylor, English clergyman (d. 1555)
1510 – John Caius, English physician (d. 1573)
1552 – Matteo Ricci, Italian Jesuit missionary (d. 1610)
1573 – Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, English patron of the theater (d. 1624)
1610 – Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier, French soldier (d. 1690)
1716 – George Montague-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax, English statesman (d. 1771)
1738 – Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (d. 1789)
1744 – James McGill, Scottish-Canadian businessman and philanthropist (d. 1813)
1767 – Henri Christophe, king of Haiti (d. 1820)
1769 – Sir Isaac Brock, British commander (d. 1812)
1773 – King Louis-Philippe of France (d. 1850)
1801 – Hippolyte Carnot, French statesman (d. 1888)
1803 – Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, German physicist (d. 1879)
1820 – Jenny Lind, Swedish soprano (d. 1887)
1831 – Richard Dedekind, German mathematician (d. 1916)
1838 – Giuseppe Cesare Abba, Italian patriot and writer (d. 1910)
1846 – George Westinghouse, American engineer and inventor (d. 1914)
1866 – Reginald Fessenden, Canadian-born inventor and radio pioneer (d. 1932)
1872 – Mikhail Kuzmin, Russian writer (d. 1936)
1874 – Frank G. Allen, 51st Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1950)
1876 – Ernest Lapointe, French-Canadian politician (d. 1941)
1882 – Karol Szymanowski, Polish composer and pianist (d. 1937)
1886 – Edwin Fischer, Swiss pianist and conductor (d. 1960)
1887 – Le Corbusier, Swiss architect (d. 1965)
1888 – Roland Garros, French pilot (d. 1918)
1892 – Jackie Saunders, American silent film actress (d. 1954)
1895 – Caroline Gordon, American writer and critic (d. 1981)
1900 – Stan Nichols, English cricketer (d. 1961)
1903 – Ernest Walton, Irish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1995)
1905 – Helen Wills Moody, American tennis player (d. 1998)
1906 – Janet Gaynor, American actress (d. 1984)
1908 – Carole Lombard, American actress (d. 1942)
1908 – Sergei Lvovich Sobolev, Russian mathematician (d. 1989)
1910 – Barbara Castle, British politician (d. 2002)
1912 – Perkins Bass, American politician
1914 – Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer (d. 2002)
1915 – Alice Timander, Swedish dentist (d. 2007)
1915 – Carolyn Goodman, American psychologist and civil rights activist (d. 2007)
1917 – Fannie Lou Hamer, American civil rights activist (d. 1977)
1918 – André Pilette, Belgian racing driver (d. 1993)
1920 – Pietro Consagra, Italian sculptor (d. 2005)
1920 – Lord Donaldson of Lymington, British judge (d. 2005)
1921 – Yevgeniy Landis, Russian mathematician (d. 1997)
1921 – Joseph Lowery, American Civil rights movement leader
1922 – Joe Frazier, American baseball player
1925 – Shana Alexander, American columnist (d. 2005)
1927 – Bill King, American sports broadcaster (d. 2005)
1930 – Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (d. 2000)
1930 – Richie Benaud, Australian cricketer
1931 – Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, Russian astronomer (d. 2004)
1931 – Riccardo Giacconi, Italian-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
1935 – Bruno Sammartino, Italian strongman and professional wrestler
1935 – Charito Solis, Filipino actress (d. 1998)
1938 – Serge Nubret, French bodybuilder
1939 – John LaFalce, American politician, former Member, US House of Representatives
1942 – Britt Ekland, Swedish actress
1942 – Millie Small, Jamaican singer
1943 – Michael Durrell, American actor
1943 – Alexander Maxovich Shilov, Russian painter
1944 – José Carlos Pace, Brazilian racing driver (d. 1977)
1945 – Ivan Graziani, Italian singer-songwriter (d. 1997)
1946 – Eddie Villanueva, JIL Spiritual Director, Owner of ZOE Broadcasting Network
1946 – Lloyd Doggett, American politician
1946 – Vinod Khanna, Indian actor
1946 – Tony Greig, South African-born English cricketer
1947 – Patxi Andión, Spanish singer-songwriter
1948 – Gerry Adams, Northern Irish politician
1950 – David Brin, American author
1951 – Manfred Winkelhock, German race car driver (d. 1985)
1951 – Kevin Cronin, American musician (REO Speedwagon)
1952 – Ayten Mutlu, Turkish poet and writer
1953 – Klaas Bruinsma, Dutch drug lord (d. 1991)
1954 – David Hidalgo, American musician (Los Lobos, Latin Playboys)
1954 – Darrell M. West, American political scientist
1955 – Tony Dungy, American football coach
1956 – Kathleen Webb, American comic book writer and artist
1958 – Joseph Finder, American novelist
1959 – Brian Higgins, American politician, Member of US House of Representatives
1959 – Dennis Ray Boyd, American baseball player
1959 – Walter Ray Williams Jr., American bowler and horsehoes champion
1962 – Rich Yett, baseball player
1963 – Elisabeth Shue, American film actress
1963 – Chip Foose, American automobile customizer
1963 – Jsu Garcia, American actor
1964 – Ricky Berry, American basketball player (d. 1989)
1964 – Matthew Sweet, American musician
1965 – Rubén Sierra, Puerto Rican baseball player
1966 – Niall Quinn, Irish footballer
1966 – Jacqueline Obradors, American actress
1967 – Kennet Andersson, former Swedish footballer
1967 – Svend Karlsen, Norwegian strongman
1969 – Troy Shaw, English snooker player
1970 – Darren Oliver, American baseball player
1970 – Amy Jo Johnson, American actress and singer
1971 – Phil Bennett, British racing driver
1971 – Lola Dueñas, Spanish actress
1971 – Alan Stubbs, English footballer
1972 – Ko So-young, South Korean actress
1972 – Anders Iwers, Swedish musician
1972 – Ryu Shi-won, South Korean actor and singer
1972 – Mark Schwarzer, Australian footballer
1973 – Sylvain Legwinski, French footballer
1973 – Jeff Davis, American comedian
1973 – Ioan Gruffudd, Welsh actor
1973 – Rebecca Lobo, American basketball player
1974 – Jeremy Sisto, American actor
1974 – Walter Centeno, Costa Rican footballer
1975 – Reon King, West Indian cricketer from Guyana
1976 – Barbie Hsu, Taiwanese actress and singer
1977 – Danny Brière, Canadian ice hockey player
1977 – Melinda Doolittle, American singer and recording artist
1977 – Shimon Gershon, Israeli footballer
1977 – Vladimir Manchev, Bulgarian footballer
1977 – Wes Ramsey, American actor
1978 – Ricky Hatton, English boxer
1979 – David Di Tommaso, French footballer (d. 2005)
1979 – Richard Seymour, American football player
1979 – Lex Shrapnel, English actor
1980 – Abdoulaye Méïté, French footballer
1981 – Zurab Khizanishvili, Georgian footballer
1981 – José Luis Perlaza, Ecuadorian footballer
1982 – MC Lars, American hip-hop artist
1982 – Michael Arden, American actor
1982 – William Butler, Musician and member of Arcade Fire
1984 – Joanna Pacitti, American actress and singer
1984 – Morne Morkel, South African cricketer
1985 – Sylvia Fowles, American basketball player
1986 – Tereza Kerndlová, Czech singer
1986 – Mohammad Shukri, Malaysian cricketer
1986 – Olivia Thirlby, American actress
1988 – Maki Horikita, Japanese model and actress
1995 – Jessica Lunsford, American kidnapping victim (d. 2005)
1998 – Mia-Sophie Wellenbrink, German actress and singer
2000 – Amanda and Rachel Pace, American actresses

Deaths

869 – Ermentrude of Orléans, consort of Charles the Bald (b. 823)
877 – Charles the Bald (b. 823)
1014 – Samuil of Bulgaria (b. 958)
1101 – Bruno of Cologne, German founder of the Carthusian order
1413 – Dawit I of Ethiopia (b. 1382)
1542 – Thomas Wyatt, English poet (b. 1503)
1641 – Matthijs Quast, Dutch explorer
1644 – Elisabeth of Bourbon, consort of Philip IV of Spain (b. 1602)
1660 – Paul Scarron, French writer
1661 – Guru Har Rai, seventh Sikh Guru (b. 1630)
1688 – Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, English statesman (b. 1652)
1762 – Francesco Manfredini, Italian composer (b. 1684)
1819 – Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia (b. 1751)
1829 – Pierre Derbigny, Governor of Louisiana (b. 1769)
1873 – Paul Edmund Strzelecki, Polish explorer and geologist (b. 1797)
1891 – Charles Stewart Parnell, Irish politician (b. 1846)
1892 – Alfred Lord Tennyson, British poet (b. 1809)
1912 – Auguste Marie François Beernaert, Belgian statesman and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1829)
1945 – Leonardo Conti, Nazi physician (b. 1900)
1947 – Leevi Madetoja, Finnish composer (b. 1887)
1951 – Otto Fritz Meyerhof, German-born physician and biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1884)
1951 – Will Keith Kellogg, American food manufacturer (b. 1860)
1959 – Bernard Berenson, American art historian (b. 1865)
1962 – Tod Browning, American film director (b. 1880)
1968 – Phyllis Nicolson, British mathematician (b. 1917)
1973 – François Cevert, French race car driver (b. 1944)
1973 – Sidney Blackmer, American actor (b. 1895)
1973 – Dennis Price, English actor (b. 1915)
1974 – Helmuth Koinigg, Austrian Formula One driver (b. 1948)
1976 – Gilbert Ryle, British philosopher (b. 1900)
1980 – Hattie Jacques, British comedy actress (b. 1922)
1980 – Jean Robic, French cyclist (b. 1921)
1981 – Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1918)
1983 – Terence Cardinal Cooke, American Catholic archbishop (b. 1921)
1985 – Nelson Riddle, American bandleader (b. 1921)
1986 – Alexander Kronrod, Russian mathematician (b. 1921)
1989 – Bette Davis, American actress (b. 1908)
1992 – Denholm Elliott, English actor (b. 1922)
1992 – Bill O'Reilly, Australian cricketer (b. 1902)
1993 – Larry Walters, American "lawn chair" pilot (b. 1949)
1995 – Benoît Chamoux, French climber (b. 1961)
1997 – Johnny Vander Meer, American baseball player (b. 1914)
1998 – Mark Belanger, American baseball player (b. 1944)
1999 – Amalia Rodrigues, Portuguese singer and actress (b. 1920)
1999 – Gorilla Monsoon, American professional wrestler/commentator (b. 1937)
2000 – Richard Farnsworth, American actor (b. 1920)
2001 – Arne Harris, American television sports director (b. 1934)
2002 – Claus van Amsberg, German born Prince Consort of the Netherlands (b. 1926)
2004 – Marvin Santiago. Puerto Rican salsa singer (b. 1947)
2006 – Puck Brouwer, Dutch athlete (b. 1930)
2006 – Eduardo Mignogna, Argentinian film director (b. 1940)
2006 – Buck O'Neil, American baseball player (b. 1911)
2006 – Wilson Tucker, American writer (b. 1914)
2007 – Bud Ekins, American stuntman (b. 1930)
2007 – L. M. Singhvi, Indian jurist and writer (b. 1931).
2008 – Kim Ji-hoo, South Korean actor and model (b. 1985)

Holidays and observances

RC Saints – Saint Bruno, St Faith, Mary Frances of the Five Wounds of Jesus, Saint Sagar
Also see October 6 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Egypt – Armed Forces Day; commemorates the October War of 1973.
U.S. – German-American Day observed since 1987
Judaism – Fast of Gedalia (2005)
French Republican Calendar – Âne (Donkey) Day, fifteenth day in the Month of Vendémiaire

 

[historylover]

October 7

Events

3761 BC – The epoch (origin) of the modern Hebrew calendar (Proleptic Julian calendar).
336 – Pope Mark dies, leaving the papacy vacant.
1513 – Battle of La Motta: Spanish troops under Ramón de Cardona defeat the Venetians.
1542 – Explorer Cabrillo discovers Santa Catalina Island off the California coast.
1571 – The Battle of Lepanto is fought, and the Holy League (Spain and Italy) destroys the Turkish fleet.
1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar, this day is skipped in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1763 – George III of Great Britain issues British Royal Proclamation of 1763, closing aboriginal lands in North America north and west of Alleghenies to white settlements.
1776 – Crown Prince Paul of Russia marries Sophie Marie Dorothea of Württemberg.
1777 – American Revolutionary War: The Americans defeat the British in the Second Battle of Saratoga, also known as the Battle of Bemis Heights.
1780 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Kings Mountain American Patriot militia defeat Loyalist irregulars led by British colonel Patrick Ferguson in South Carolina.
1800 – French corsair Robert Surcouf, commander of the 18-gun ship La Confiance, captures the British 38-gun Kent inspiring the traditional french song Le Trente-et-un du mois d'août.
1826 – The Granite Railway begins operations as the first chartered railway in the U.S.
1828 – The city of Patras, Greece, is liberated by the French expeditionary force in Peloponnese under General Maison.
1840 – Willem II becomes King of the Netherlands.
1864 – American Civil War: Battle of Darbytown Road: the Confederate forces' attempt to regain ground that had been lost around Richmond is thwarted.
1864 – American Civil War: U.S.S. Wachusett captures the C.S.S. Florida Confederate raider ship while in port in Bahia, Brazil.
1868 – Cornell University holds opening day ceremonies; initial student enrollment is 412, the highest at any American university to that date.
1870 – Franco-Prussian War – Siege of Paris: Leon Gambetta flees Paris in a balloon.
1879 – Germany and Austria-Hungary sign the "Twofold Covenant" and create the Dual Alliance.
1912 – The Helsinki Stock Exchange sees its first transaction.
1916 – Georgia Tech defeats Cumberland University 222-0 in the most lopsided college football game in American history.
1919 – KLM of the Netherlands is founded. It is the oldest airline still operating under its original name.
1933 – Air France is inaugurated, after being formed from a merger of 5 French airlines.
1940 – World War II: the McCollum memo proposes bringing the United States into the war in Europe by provoking the Japanese to attack the United States.
1942 – World War II: The October Matanikau action on Guadalcanal begins as United States Marine Corps forces attack Imperial Japanese Army units along the Matanikau River.
1944 – World War II: Uprising at Birkenau concentration camp, Jews burn down the crematoria.
1949 – German Democratic Republic (East Germany) formed.
1952 – The bar code is patented.
1955 – Beat poet Allen Ginsberg reads his poem "Howl" for the first time at a poetry reading in San Francisco.
1958 – President of Pakistan Iskander Mirza, with the support of General Ayub Khan and the army, suspends the 1956 constitution, imposes martial law, and cancels the elections scheduled for January 1959.
1958 – The U.S. manned space-flight project is renamed Project Mercury.
1959 – U.S.S.R. probe Luna 3 transmits first ever photographs of the far side of the moon.
1962 – U.S.S.R. performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya, U.S.S.R.
1963 – John F. Kennedy signs ratification for Partial Test Ban Treaty.
1977 – The adoption of the Fourth Soviet Constitution.
1982 – Cats opens on Broadway and runs for nearly 18 years before closing on September 10, 2000.
1985 – The Achille Lauro is hijacked by Palestine Liberation Organization.
1993 – The Great Flood of 1993 ends at St. Louis, Missouri, 103 days after it began, as the Mississippi River falls below flood stage.
1998 – Matthew Shepard, a gay student at the University of Wyoming, is found tied to a fence after being savagely beaten by two young adults in Laramie, Wyoming.
2001 – The U.S. invasion of Afghanistan starts with an air assault and covert operations on the ground.
2003 – Gray Davis is recalled as Governor of California, three years before the official end of his office term. Arnold Schwarzenegger is elected Governor.
2004 – King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia abdicates.

Births

1471 – King Frederick I of Denmark and Norway (d. 1533)
1573 – William Laud, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1645)
1576 – John Marston, English writer (d. 1634)
1589 – Maria Magdalena of Austria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany (d. 1631)
1713 – Granville Elliott, British military officer (d. 1759)
1728 – Caesar Rodney, American lawyer (d. 1784)
1744 – Sergey Vyazmitinov, Russian general and statesman (d. 1819)
1748 – King Charles XIII of Sweden (d. 1818)
1769 – Solomon Sibley, American politician (d. 1846)
1786 – Louis-Joseph Papineau, Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 1871)
1835 – Felix Draeseke, German composer (d. 1913)
1841 – King Nicholas I of Montenegro (d. 1921)
1849 – James Whitcomb Riley, American poet (d. 1916)
1866 – Wlodimir Ledochowski, Polish-Austrian director of the Society of Jesus (d. 1942)
1870 – Prince Friedrich of Hesse and by Rhine (d. 1873)
1879 – Joe Hill, American Labor Activist and Poet (d. 1915)
1881 – Mikhail Drozdovsky, Russian general (d. 1918)
1884 – Major Harold Geiger, U.S. Army aviation pioneer (d. 1927)
1885 – Niels Bohr, Danish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1962)
1888 – Henry A. Wallace, Vice President of the United States (d. 1965)
1892 – Dwain Esper, director (d. 1982)
1894 – Del Lord, American director (d. 1970)
1897 – Elijah Muhammad, American Black Muslim leader (d. 1975)
1898 – Joe Giard, American baseball player (d. 1956)
1900 – Heinrich Himmler, German Nazi official (d. 1945)
1905 – Andy Devine, American actor (d. 1977)
1907 – Víctor Paz Estenssoro, Bolivian politician (d. 2001)
1909 – Anni Blomqvist, Finnish novelist (d. 1990)
1909 – Erastus Corning 2nd, American politician, 72nd Mayor of Albany, New York (d. 1983)
1910 – Henry P. McIlhenny, American philanthropist (d. 1986)
1911 – Vaughn Monroe, American singer (d. 1973)
1911 – Shura Cherkassky, Ukrainian classical pianist (d. 1995)
1912 – Fernando Belaúnde Terry, President of Peru (d. 2002)
1913 – Simon Carmiggelt, Dutch journalist and writer (d. 1987)
1914 – Alfred Drake, American actor (d. 1992)
1914 – Sarah Churchill, British actress (d. 1982)
1917 – June Allyson, American actress (d. 2006)
1919 – Sir Zelman Cowen, Australian politician
1920 – Jack Rowley, English footballer (d. 1998)
1921 – Raymond Goethals, Belgian football coach (d. 2004)
1922 – Grady Hatton, American baseball player
1922 – William Zinsser, American writer
1923 – Jean-Paul Riopelle, Québécois member of Les Automatistes (d. 2002)
1923 – Irma Grese, Supervisor at Nazi concentration camps (d. 1945)
1926 – Diana Lynn, American actress (d. 1971)
1927 – R. D. Laing, Scottish psychiatrist (d. 1989)
1927 – Al Martino, American singer and actor
1928 – Sohrab Sepehri, Persian poet and painter (d. 1980)
1929 – Robert Westall, British author (d. 1993)
1929 – Graeme Ferguson, Canadian filmmaker and executive
1931 – Cotton Fitzsimmons, American basketball coach (d. 2004)
1931 – Desmond Tutu, South African archbishop and Nobel Laureate
1934 – Amiri Baraka, American writer
1934 – Ulrike Meinhof, German terrorist (d. 1976)
1935 – Thomas Keneally, Australian author
1936 – Charles Dutoit, Swiss conductor
1937 – Maria Szyszkowska, Polish politician
1939 – John Hopcroft, American computer scientist
1939 – Clive James, Australian television presenter and writer
1939 – Harold Kroto, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
1939 – Bill Snyder, American football coach
1940 – Bruce Vento, American politician (d. 2000)
1943 – Joy Behar, American television personality
1943 – José Cardenal, Cuban baseball player
1943 – Oliver North, American former military officer
1944 – Judee Sill, American musician (d. 1979)
1944 – Donald Tsang, current Chief executive of Hong Kong
1945 – Kevin Godley, British musician (10cc)
1946 – Bernard Lavilliers, French singer
1946 – Pengiran Anak Saleha, Queen of Brunei
1948 – Diane Ackerman, American poet and essayist
1949 – Dave Hope, American musician (Kansas)
1950 – Jakaya Kikwete, Tanzanian politician
1951 – John Mellencamp, American singer
1951 – David J. Halberstam, American radio executive
1952 – Mary Badham, American actress
1952 – Vladimir Putin, Prime Minister and former President of the Russian Federation
1952 – Jacques Richard, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2002)
1952 – Graham Yallop, Australian cricketer
1953 – Tico Torres, musician (Bon Jovi)
1954 – Kenneth Atchley, American composer
1955 – Yo-Yo Ma, French-born American cellist
1955 – Ralph Johnson, American computer scientist
1957 – Michael W. Smith, American singer
1957 – Jayne Torvill, British figure skater
1958 – Judy Landers, American actress
1959 – Dylan Baker, American character actor
1959 – Simon Cowell, English recording executive
1959 – Lourdes Flores, Peruvian politician
1959 – Jean-Marc Fournier, French-Canadian politician
1960 – Kyosuke Himuro, Japanese singer
1960 – Viktor Lazlo, Belgian singer
1961 – Matthew Roloff, American reality star
1961 – Brian Mannix, Australian singer and actor
1962 – Dave Bronconnier, Canadian politician
1964 – Sam Brown, English singer-songwriter
1964 – Dan Savage, American sex-columnist and author
1964 – Paul Stewart, English footballer
1965 – Genji Hashimoto, Japanese racing driver
1966 – Sherman Alexie, Native American author and comedian
1966 – Marco Beltrami, Italian-American film composer
1967 – Toni Braxton, American singer
1967 – Luke Haines, English musician (The Auteurs, Black Box Recorder)
1967 – Takahiro Izutani, Japanese Composer
1968 – Thom Yorke, English singer (Radiohead)
1969 – Javier Álvarez, Spanish singer-songwriter
1969 – Bobbie Brown, American actress, model
1969 – Malia Hosaka, Hawaiian professional wrestler
1969 – Maria Whittaker, English model
1969 – Benny Chan Ho Man, Hong Kong actor and singer
1970 – Nicole Ari Parker, American actress
1971 – Daniel Boucher, Québécois musician
1972 – Ben Younger, American screenwriter and film director
1973 – Dida, Brazilian footballer
1973 – Sami Hyypiä, Finnish footballer
1973 – Priest Holmes, American Football Running Back
1974 – Allison Munn, American actress
1974 – Charlotte Nilsson, Swedish singer
1974 – Alexander Polinsky, American actor
1975 – Terry Gerin, American professional wrestler
1975 – Damian Kulash, American musician (OK Go)
1975 – Tim Minchin, Australian comedian and musician
1976 – Taylor Hicks, American musician
1976 – Santiago Solari, Argentinian footballer
1976 – Gilberto Silva, Brazilian footballer
1976 – Charles Woodson, American football player
1976 – Marc Coma, Spanish motorcycle racer
1977 – Brandon Quinn, American actor
1977 – Meighan Desmond, New Zealand actress
1978 – Alesha Dixon, British pop singer (Mis-Teeq)
1978 – Zaheer Khan, Indian cricketer
1979 – Simona Amânar, Romanian gymnast
1979 – Aaron Ashmore, Canadian actor
1979 – Shawn Ashmore, Canadian actor
1979 – Tang Wei, Chinese actress
1980 – Edison Chen, Canadian actor
1980 – Tim Cresswell, Hong Kong footballer
1981 – Doni Schroader, American avant garde composer,pop musician
1982 – Madjid Bougherra, Algerian footballer
1982 – Jermain Defoe, English footballer
1982 – Robby Ginepri, American tennis player
1982 – Li Yundi, Chinese classical pianist
1983 – Scottie Upshall, Canadian Hockey Player
1984 – Toma Ikuta, Japanese singer and actor
1984 – Salman Butt, Pakistani cricketer
1985 – Evan Longoria, American baseball player
1986 – Lee Nguyen, American footballer
1986 – Chase Daniel, American football player
1986 – Gunnar Nielsen, Faroese footballer
1986 – Bree Olson, American pornographic actress
1987 – Jeremy Brockie, New Zealand footballer
1987 – Sam Querrey, American tennis player
1988 – Stacy DuPree, American musician (Eisley)
2001 – Princess Senate Seeiso, daughter of King Letsie III of Lesotho

Deaths

336 – Pope Mark
929 – Charles the Simple, King of France (b. 879)
1368 – Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, son of Edward III of England (b. 1338)
1553 – Cristóbal de Morales, Spanish composer (b. c.1500)
1555 – Louis of Praet, Habsburg diplomat (b. 1488)
1577 – George Gascoigne, English poet
1612 – Giovanni Battista Guarini, Italian poet, dramatist, and diplomat, (b. 1538)
1620 – Stanisław Żółkiewski, Polish military leader (b. 1547)
1637 – Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy (b. 1587)
1651 – Jacques Sirmond, French Jesuit scholar (b. 1559)
1653 – Fausto Poli, Italian Catholic priest (b. 1581)
1708 – Guru Gobind Singh, tenth Sikh Guru (b. 1666)
1772 – John Woolman, American Quaker preacher and abolitionist (b. 1720)
1787 – Henry Muhlenberg, German-born founder of the U.S. Lutheran Church (b. 1711)
1792 – George Mason, American statesman (b. 1725)
1793 – Wills Hill, 1st Marquess of Downshire, English politician (b. 1718)
1796 – Thomas Reid, Scottish philosopher (b. 1710)
1849 – Edgar Allan Poe, American writer and poet (b. 1809)
1894 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., American writer (b. 1809)
1896 – Emma Wedgwood, English naturalist, wife of Charles Darwin, (b. 1808)
1903 – Rudolf Lipschitz, German mathematician (b. 1832)
1906 – Honoré Beaugrand, Canadian journalist and politician, mayor of Montreal (b. 1848)
1911 – John Hughlings Jackson, English neurologist (b. 1835)
1919 – Alfred Deakin, second Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1856)
1925 – Christy Mathewson, American baseball player (b. 1880)
1926 – Emil Kraepelin, German psychologist (b. 1856)
1943 – Eugeniusz Bodo, Polish actor (b. 1899)
1943 – Radclyffe Hall, British author (b. 1880)
1944 – Helmut Lent, German night fighter pilot (b. 1918)
1956 – Clarence Birdseye, American inventor (b. 1886)
1959 – Mario Lanza, American tenor (b. 1921)
1966 – Grigoris Asikis, Greek singer and songwriter. (b. 1890)
1966 – Smiley Lewis, American musician (b. 1913)
1967 – Norman Angell, British politician and Nobel Laureate (b. 1872)
1969 – Léon Scieur, Belgian cyclist (b. 1888)
1981 – Albert Cohen, Greek-born Swiss novelist (b. 1895)
1991 – Leo Durocher, American baseball player and manager (b. 1905)
1992 – Allan Bloom, American philosopher and educator (b. 1930)
1992 – Tevfik Esenç, last known speaker of Ubykh (b. 1904)
1993 – Cyril Cusack, Irish actor (b. 1910)
1994 – Niels Kaj Jerne, English-born Danish immunologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1911)
1998 – Arnold Jacobs, American tuba player a.k.a. Song and Wind (b. 1915)
2001 – Christopher Adams, British-born pro wrestler and judoka (b. 1955)
2001 – Herblock, American cartoonist (b. 1909)
2001 – Roger Gaudry, French Canadian chemist, businessman and corporate director (b. 1913)
2002 – Pierangelo Bertoli, Italian singer-songwriter (b. 1942)
2003 – Izzy Asper, Canadian tax lawyer and media magnate (b. 1932)
2003 – Arthur Berger, American composer (b. 1912)
2003 – Wally George, American conservative TV commentator (b. 1931)
2004 – Ken Bigley, British civil engineer, kidnapped and murdered in Iraq (b. 1942)
2005 – Charles Rocket, American actor (b. 1949)
2006 – Anna Politkovskaya, Russian journalist (b. 1958)
2006 – Abraham Afewerki,Eritrean Singer(b.1966)
2007 – Norifumi Abe, Japanese motorcycle racer (b. 1975)
2007 – George E. Sangmeister, American politician (b. 1931)
2008 – Leslie Hardman, Jewish Orthodox rabbi (b. 1913)

Holidays and observances

RC Saints – Memorial of Our Lady of the Rosary; formerly Saint Justina, Saint Osyth
Feast day of Pope Mark.
Saints Sergius and Bacchus; also see October 7 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
French Republican Calendar – Sixteenth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
Brazil – Composer Day

 

[historylover]

October 8

Events

314 – Roman Emperor Licinius is defeated by his colleague Constantine I at the Battle of Cibalae, and loses his European territories.
451 – At Chalcedon, a city of Bithynia in Asia Minor, the first session of the Council of Chalcedon begins (ends on November 1).
1075 – Dmitar Zvonimir is crowned King of Croatia.
1200 – Isabella of Angoulême is crowned Queen of England.
1480 – Great standing on the Ugra river, a standoff between the forces of Akhmat Khan, Khan of the Great Horde, and the Grand Duke Ivan III of Russia, which results in the retreat of the Tataro-Mongols and the eventual disintegration of the Horde.
1573 – End of the Spanish siege of Alkmaar, the first Dutch victory in Eighty Years War.
1582 – Because of the implementation of the Gregorian calendar this day does not exist in this year in Italy, Poland, Portugal and Spain.
1600 – San Marino adopts its written constitution.
1806 – Napoleonic Wars: Forces of the British Empire lay siege to the port of Boulogne in France by using Congreve rockets, invented by Sir William Congreve.
1813 – The Treaty of Ried was signed between Bayern and Austria.
1821 – The government of general José de San Martín establishes the Peruvian Navy.
1829 – Rail transport: Stephenson's The Rocket wins The Rainhill Trials.
1856 – The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident on the Pearl River.
1860 – Telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco opens.
1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Perryville – Union forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.
1871 – Four major fires break out on the shores of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Peshtigo, Wisconsin, Holland, Michigan, and Manistee, Michigan including the Great Chicago Fire, and the much deadlier Peshtigo Fire.
1879 – War of the Pacific: the Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the Battle of Angamos, Peruvian Admiral Miguel Grau is killed in the encounter.
1895 – Eulmi incident- Queen Min of Joseon, the last empress of Korea, is assassinated and her corpse burnt by the Japanese in Gyeongbok Palace.
1912 – First Balkan War begins: Montenegro declares war against Turkey.
1918 – World War I: In the Argonne Forest in France, United States Corporal Alvin C. York leads an attack that kills 25 German soldiers and captures 132.
1928 – Joseph Szigeti gives the first performance of Alfredo Casella's Violin Concerto.
1932 – The Indian Air Force is established.
1939 – World War II: Germany annexes Western Poland.
1941 – World War II: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
1944 – World War II: The Battle of Crucifix Hill occurs on Crucifix Hill just outside Aachen. Capt. Bobbie Brown receives a Medal of Honor for his heroics in this battle.
1952 – The Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash kills 112 people.
1956 – New York Yankees's Don Larsen pitched the only perfect game in a World Series; one of only 18 perfect games in MLB history.
1962 – Spiegel scandal: Der Spiegel publishes the article "Bedingt abwehrbereit" ("Conditionally prepared for defense") about a NATO manoeuver called "Fallex 62", which uncovered the sorry state of the Bundeswehr (Germany's army) facing the communist threat from the east at the time. The magazine is soon accused of treason.
1967 – Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.
1968 – Vietnam War: Operation Sealords – United States and South Vietnamese forces launch a new operation in the Mekong Delta.
1969 – The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago, Illinois.
1970 – Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon's October 7 peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion".
1973 – Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored brigade attacks Egyptian occupied positions on the Israeli side of the Suez Canal, in hope of driving them away. The attack fails, and over 150 Israeli tanks are destroyed.
1974 – Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.
1978 – Australia's Ken Warby sets the current world water speed record of 317.60mph at Blowering Dam, Australia.
1982 – Poland bans Solidarity and all Trade unions.
1990 – Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: In Jerusalem, Israeli police kill 17 Palestinians and wound over 100 near the Dome of the Rock mosque on the Temple Mount.
1998 – Oslo's Gardermoen airport opens after the close down of Fornebu airport.
1999 – New Coligny Calendar, NCC, the beginning of a new era of the Coligny calendar, the oldest material Celtic calendar.
2001 – A twin engine Cessna and Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) jetliner collide in heavy fog during takeoff from Milan, Italy killing 118.
2001 – U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.
2004 – Martha Stewart begins her prison sentence after being convicted of securities fraud, obstruction of justice, and conspiracy in the ImClone stock trading case.
2005 – The Kashmir earthquake hits parts of northern South Asia at 03:50 UTC.

Births

1515 – Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox (d. 1578)
1676 – Benito Jerónimo Feijóo y Montenegro, Spanish scholar (d. 1764)
1713 – Yechezkel Landau, Polish rabbi and Talmudist (d. 1793)
1715 – Michel Benoist, French Jesuit missionary (d. 1774)
1720 – Jonathan Mayhew, American minister (d. 1766)
1747 – Jean-François Rewbell, French politician (d. 1807)
1765 – Harman Blennerhassett, Irish lawyer (d. 1831)
1789 – John Ruggles, American politician (d. 1874)
1789 – William John Swainson, English naturalist and artist (d. 1855)
1818 – John Henninger Reagan, American politician (d. 1905)
1834 – Walter Kittredge, American musician (d. 1905)
1847 – Rose Scott, Social Reformer (d. 1925)
1850 – Henri Louis le Chatelier, French chemist (d. 1936)
1863 – Edythe Chapman, American actress (d. 1948)
1864 – Ozias Leduc, Québécois painter (d. 1955)
1870 – Louis Vierne, French organist (d. 1937)
1877 – Hans Heysen, German-born landscape artist (d. 1968)
1883 – Otto Heinrich Warburg, German physician, Nobel laureate (d. 1970)
1883 – Dick Burnett, American musician (d. 1977)
1884 – Walther von Reichenau, German military officer (d. 1942)
1887 – Huntley Gordon, Canadian actor (d. 1956)
1888 – Ernst Kretschmer, German psychiatrist (d. 1964)
1889 – C. E. Woolman, American airline founder (d. 1966)
1890 – Edward Rickenbacker, American pilot (d. 1973)
1890 – Philippe Thys, Belgian cyclist (d. 1971)
1895 – Juan Perón, President of Argentina (d. 1974)
1895 – Zog I, King of Albania (d. 1961)
1896 – Julien Duvivier, French film director (d. 1967)
1897 – Rouben Mamoulian, Armenian-American film director (d. 1987)
1901 – Eivind Groven, Norwegian composer (d. 1977)
1910 – Kirk Alyn, American actor (d. 1999)
1910 – Gus Hall, American union organizer and head of the U.S. Communist Party (d. 2000)
1910 – Ray Lewis, Canadian runner (d. 2003)
1917 – Billy Conn, American boxer (d. 1993)
1917 – Walter Lord, American author (d. 2002)
1917 – Danny Murtaugh, American baseball player (d. 1976)
1917 – Rodney Robert Porter, English biochemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1985)
1918 – Ron Randell, film character actor (d. 2005)
1918 – Jens Christian Skou, Danish chemist, Nobel laureate
1919 – Kiichi Miyazawa, 78th Prime Minister of Japan (d. 2007)
1920 – Frank Herbert, American writer (d. 1986)
1921 – Abraham Sarmiento, Filipino Supreme Court jurist
1922 – Nils Liedholm, Swedish football midfielder and coach (d. 2007)
1924 – Alphons Egli, member of the Swiss Federal Council
1927 – Jim Elliot, American missionary (d. 1956)
1927 – César Milstein, Argentine scientist, Nobel laureate (d. 2002)
1928 – M. Russell Ballard, LDS apostle
1928 – Neil Harvey, Australian cricketer
1928 – Bill Maynard, British actor
1929 – Valdir Pereira, Brazilian footballer (d. 2001)
1930 – Tōru Takemitsu, Japanese composer (d. 1996)
1932 – Ray Reardon, Welsh snooker player
1936 – Rona Barrett, American gossip columnist
1938 – Walter Gretzky, father of Wayne Gretzky
1938 – Fred Stolle, Australian tennis player
1939 – Paul Hogan, Australian actor
1939 – Harvey Pekar, American author
1939 – Lynne Stewart, American civil liberties lawyer
1940 – Fred Cash, American singer (The Impressions)
1941 – Jesse Jackson, American clergyman and civil rights activist
1943 – Chevy Chase, American comedian and actor
1943 – R. L. Stine, American author
1944 – Susan Raye, American singer
1946 – Jean-Jacques Beineix, French film director
1946 – Dennis Kucinich, American politician
1947 – Emiel Puttemans, Belgian athlete
1948 – Benjamin Cheever, American novelist and editor
1948 – Sarah Purcell, American television host
1948 – Johnny Ramone, American musician (The Ramones) (d. 2004)
1948 – Pedro López, Colombian serial killer
1948 – Claude Jade, French actress (d. 2006)
1949 – Sigourney Weaver, American actress
1950 – Robert Kool Bell, American musician (Kool & the Gang)
1951 – Jack O'Connell, American politician
1952 – Jan Marijnissen, Dutch politician
1952 – Edward Zwick, American film director
1954 – Michael Dudikoff, American actor
1954 – Huub Rothengatter, Dutch racecar driver
1955 – Bill Elliott, American racecar driver
1955 – Lonnie Pitchford, American blues musician (d. 1998)
1955 – Darrell Hammond, American comedian (SNL)
1956 – Stephanie Zimbalist, American actress
1956 – Jeff Lahti, American baseball player
1957 – Antonio Cabrini, Italian footballer
1957 – Joe Castiglione, American college athletic director
1958 – Steve Coll, American journalist
1959 – Nick Bakay, American actor
1959 – Mike Morgan, American baseball player
1960 – Lorenzo Milá, Spanish newscaster
1960 – François Pérusse, Quebec humorist
1960 – Reed Hastings, American businessman and entrepreneur
1961 – Ted Kooshian, American jazz pianist
1962 – Bruno Thiry, Belgian rally driver
1964 – Igor Jijikine, Russian actor (Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull)
1964 – CeCe Winans, American singer
1965 – Ardal O'Hanlon, Irish comedian and actor
1965 – C-Jay Ramone, American musician (The Ramones)
1965 – Peter Greene, American actor
1966 – Art Barr, American wrestler (d. 1994)
1966 – Camille Coduri, British actress
1966 – Karyn Parsons, American actress
1967 – Yvonne Reyes, Venezuelan actress
1968 – Ali Benarbia, former Algerian footballer
1968 – Zvonimir Boban, Croatian football player
1968 – Emily Procter, American actress
1968 – Leeroy Thornhill, British musician (The Prodigy)
1969 – Julia Ann, American pornographic actress
1969 – Jeremy Davies, American actor
1969 – Dylan Neal, Canadian actor
1970 – Matt Damon, American actor
1970 – Tetsuya Nomura, Japanese video-game designer
1970 – Soon-Yi Previn, Korean American actress
1972 – Stanislav Varga, Slovakian footballer
1972 – Kim Myung Min, Korean actor
1974 – Fredrik Modin, Swedish ice hockey player
1974 – DJ Q-Ball, American musician (Bloodhound Gang)
1974 – Martin Henderson, New Zealand actor
1974 – Koji Murofushi, Japanese hammer thrower
1976 – Galo Blanco, Spanish tennis player
1976 – Renate Groenewold, Dutch speed skater
1977 – Anne-Caroline Chausson, French mountain-bike rider
1977 – Erna Siikavirta, Finnish musician (Lordi)
1977 – Jamie Marchi, American Voice Actor
1978 – Mick O'Driscoll, Irish rugby player
1978 – Antonino D'Agostino, Italian footballer
1979 – Kristanna Loken, American actress
1979 – Paul Burchill, English wrestler
1979 – Gregori Chad Petree, American musician (Shiny Toy Guns)
1980 – Mike Mizanin, American wrestler
1980 – Nick Cannon, American actor
1981 – Raffi Torres, Canadian ice hockey player
1981 – Ruby (Egyptian singer), Egyptian singer
1983 – Mario Cassano, Italian footballer
1983 – Steve Cronin, American footballer
1983 – Michael Fraser, Scottish footballer
1983 – Travis Pastrana, American motor sports competitor
1985 – Eiji Wentz, Japanese entertainer
1987 – Aya Hirano, Japanese voice actress
1989 – Armand Traoré, French footballer
1993 – Molly C. Quinn, American actress

Deaths

976 – Jelena of Zadar, Croatian queen
1286 – John I of Dreux, Duke of Brittany (b. 1217)
1317 – Fushimi, Emperor of Japan (b. 1265)
1621 – Antoine de Montchrétien, French dramatist
1647 – Christian Sørensen Longomontanus, Danish astronomer (b. 1562)
1652 – John Greaves, English mathematician (b. 1602)
1656 – John George I, Elector of Saxony (b. 1585)
1659 – Jean de Quen, French Jesuit missionary
1735 – Yongzheng Emperor of China (b. 1678)
1754 – Henry Fielding, English author (b. 1707)
1772 – Jean Joseph de Mondonville, French composer (b. 1711)
1793 – John Hancock, American revolutionary (b. 1737)
1795 – Andrew Kippis, English non-conformist clergyman (b. 1725)
1804 – Thomas Cochran (judge), Canadian judge (b. 1777)
1809 – James Elphinston, Scottish philologist (b. 1721)
1834 – François-Adrien Boïeldieu, French composer (b. 1775)
1869 – Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (b. 1804)
1879 – Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian Admiral (b. 1834)
1886 – Austin F. Pike, American politician from New Hampshire (b. 1819)
1897 – Alexei Savrasov, Russian painter (b. 1830)
1928 – Larry Semon, comedian (b. 1889)
1931 – Sir John Monash, Australian soldier general (b. 1865)
1936 – William Henry Stark, American business leader (b. 1851)
1936 – Red Ames, American baseball player (b. 1882)
1942 – Sergei Chaplygin, Soviet engineer (b. 1869)
1944 – Wendell Willkie, American politician (b. 1892)
1945 – Felix Salten, Austrian author (b. 1869)
1952 – Joe Adams, American baseball player (b. 1877)
1953 – Nigel Bruce, British actor (b. 1895)
1953 – Kathleen Ferrier, British contralto (b. 1912)
1955 – Iry LeJeune, Cajun musician (b. 1928)
1958 – Ran Bosilek, Bulgarian author (b. 1886)
1962 – Solomon Linda, South African singer and composer (b. 1909)
1967 – Clement Attlee, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1883)
1970 – Mitr Chaibancha, Thai film actor (b. 1934)
1970 – Jean Giono, French author (b. 1895)
1973 – Gabriel Marcel, French philosopher (b. 1889)
1977 – Giorgos Papasideris, Greek country singer , composer , lyricist (b. 1902)
1982 – Fernando Lamas, Argentine actor (b. 1915)
1982 – Philip Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker, Canadian-born peace activist, Nobel laureate (b. 1889)
1983 – Joan Hackett, American actress (b. 1934)
1985 – Malcolm Ross, American balloonist and atmospheric physicist (b. 1919)
1987 – Konstantinos Tsatsos, 2nd President of Greece (b. 1899)
1990 – B.J. Wilson, English musician (Procol Harum) (b. 1947)
1992 – Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany, Nobel laureate (b. 1913)
1995 – Christopher Keene, American conductor (b. 1946)
1997 – Bertrand Goldberg, American architect (b. 1913)
1999 – John McLendon, American basketball coach (b. 1915)
2000 – Sheila Holland (Sheila Coates, Charlotte Lamb, Sheila Lancaster, Victoria Wolf, Laura Hardy), English writer (b. 1937)
2002 – Jacques Richard, French Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1952)
2004 – Jacques Derrida, French philosopher (b. 1930)
2004 – James Chace, American historian (b. 1931)
2005 – Alekos Alexandrakis, Greek actor (b. 1928)
2006 – Mark Porter, New Zealand racing driver (b. 1975)
2007 – Constantine Andreou, Greek artist (b. 1917)
2008 – George Emil Palade, Romanian cell biologist (b. 1912)
2008 – Eileen Herlie, American actress (b. 1918)
2008 – Bob Friend (newscaster), British newscaster (b. 1938)

Holidays and observances

RC Saints – Palatia and Laurentia
Bolivia – reportedly, Che Guevara is honoured on this day at which he was captured in La Higuera, as San Ernesto, answering prayers for rain.
Also see October 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
French Republican Calendar – Citrouille (Pumpkin) Day, seventeenth day in the Month of Vendémiaire
Independence Day in Croatia
Navy Day in Peru