Matzah or
matzo (
Hebrew: מַצָּה,
romanized:
maṣṣā, pl.
matzot or
Ashk. matzos) is an
unleavened flatbread that is part of
Jewish cuisine and forms an integral element of the
Passover festival, during which
chametz (
leaven and five grains that, per
Jewish Law, are self-leavening) is forbidden.
As the
Torah recounts, God commanded the
Israelites[1] (modernly,
Jews and
Samaritans) to eat only unleavened bread during the seven day Passover festival. Matzah can be either soft like a
pita loaf
[2] or crispy. Only the crispy variety is produced commercially because soft matzah has a very short shelf life. Matzah meal is crispy matzah that has been ground to a flour-like consistency. Matzah meal is used to make matzah balls, the principal ingredient of
matzah ball soup. Sephardic Jews typically cook with matzah itself rather than matzah meal.
Matzah that is
kosher for Passover is limited in
Ashkenazi tradition to plain matzah made from flour and water. The flour may be
whole grain or
refined grain, but must be made from one of
five grains:
wheat,
spelt,
barley,
rye, or
oat. Some
Sephardic communities allow matzah to be made with
eggs and/or
fruit juice to be used throughout the holiday.
[3]